高中英语Unit2 The environmentGrammar and usage课件外研版必修五.ppt

welcometoourclass welcometoourclass welcometoourclass grammarandusage unit2 verb ingform 非谓语动词 过去分词 不定式 ing形式 动名词 现在分词 动名词 gerund 动名词可以起名词的作用 在句子中作主语 宾语 表语和定语 1 playingfootballismyfavouritesport 主语2 ourworkisservingthepeople 表语3 irememberbeingtakentowuhanwheniwasaverysmallchild 宾语4 wehaveaswimmingpoorinthebackyard 定语 notes 1 时态和语态及动名词的复合结构2 动名词与不定式作主语 表语的区别 3 作宾语时 有些动词后只能用动名词 有些动词后只能用不定式 有的两者都能 有时含义相同 有时含义不同 4 作定语时 与现在分词的区别 时态和语态 irememberbeingtakentowuhanwheniwasaverysmallchild 动名词的一般被动态 sheadmittedhavingopenedthebox 动名词的完成被动态 howaboutthetwoofustakingawalkdownthegarden met9317 动名词的复合结构 动名词与不定式作主语 表语的区别v ing形式作主语时往往表示一般性的 习惯性的动作 而不定式作主语则表示在具体情况下特定的或一次性的动作 但有时可以通用 只能用动名词作宾语的动词 1 advise allow avoid admit consider delay enjoy escape excuse finish imagine mind miss permit practise risk suggest dislike appreciate2 feellike giveup putoff keepon lookforwardto insiston can thelp getusedto devote to3 it suseless nouse nogood doing 在begin start continue intend等动词后跟v ing形式和不定式作宾语 句子含义相同在like love hate等动词后v ing形式作宾语时往往表示一般性的 习惯性的动作 而不定式作宾语则表示在具体情况下特定的或一次性的动作 下列动词后跟动名词或不定式意思完全不同 1 remember forget regret doing记得 忘记 遗憾曾做过某事 todo记得 忘记 遗憾要做某事2 want need require doing需要被做 todo需要做 3 stop try mean goongoontodo接着又做另一件事 goondoing继续做同一件事stoptodo停下来去做某事 stopdoing停止做某事trytodo努力做某事 trydoing试一试做某事meantodo打算 想做某事 meandoing意味着 意思是做某事 作定语时 与现在分词的区别动名词作定语表名词的作用或功能 现在分词作定语表名词正在进行的动作 现在分词 presentparticiple 现在分词的形式与动名词相同 但功能不同 可在句中充当定语 表语 状语和补语 1 作定语aninterestingbookthemansittingbythewindowboilingwaterfallingsnowthebridgebeingbuilta 与动名词作定语的区别b 与过去分词 不定式作定语的区别 过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系或过去分词表示的动作以完成 现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生 与修饰词是主谓关系 不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作 thehousebeingbuilt tobebuilt built正在被建 将要被建 建好了的房子 boilingwater正在沸腾的水boiledwater开水thechangingworld变化中的世界thechangedworld变化了的世界thedevelopingcountries发展中国家thedevelopedcountries发达国家fallingleaves正在落下的叶子fallenleaves落叶risingsun正在升起的太阳risensun已经升起的太阳 2作表语与过去分词作表语的区别凡表示 令人 的 都是 ing形式 凡是表示 感到 都用 ed形式 interesting使人感兴趣的interested感兴趣的exciting令人激动的excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的surprised感到惊异的worrying令人担心的worried感到担心的 旅行是有趣的 但是使人疲劳 travellingisinterestingbuttiring 如果要学生学得太多 他们会感到糊涂的 thepupilswillgetconfusediftheyaremadetolearntoomuch 他的论点很令人信服 theargumentisveryconvincing 3 作状语1 seeingtheteacherenteringtheroom thestudentsstoodup 2 beingastudent hewasinterestedinsports 3 havingwrittentheletter johnwenttothepostoffice 现在分词作状语时 注意如下三点 相当于相应的从句分词的逻辑主语就是全句的主语现在分词作状语时有不同的时态与语态 4 作补语canyougetthemachinegoingagain theboyswereseenwalkingonthegrass 非谓语动词的否定式均为not 非谓语动词 一些独立结构 1 generally speak wehavelearntalotinthisschool 2 judge fromhisappearance heissomebody 3 tell youthetruth yourworkisterrible speaking judging totell consolidation theverb ingformsinthesesentencesareallusedastheattribute canyouchangethefollowingattributiveclausesintoverb ingform 1 ataxiwhichiswaitingisaroundthecorner goandtakeit awaitingtaxiisaroundthecorner goandtakeit 2 itissaidthatnothingthatlivescanbefoundonmars itissaidthatnolivingthingscanbefoundonmars 3 theboywhowassmilingrantohismother thesmilingboyrantohismother 4 thewomanwhoiscomingtodinnerthiseveningworksinthebank thewomancomingtodinnerthiseveningworksinthebank 5 theyoungmanwhoislookingatthemapislost theyoungmanlookingatthemapislost 6 themanwhoisperforminginthestreetcanplayfivemusicalinstruments themanperforminginthestreetcanplayfivemusicalinstruments canyourewritethesesentences usingclausesintroducedbywhen after because asaresult andifetc knowingthattherewasadogoutside thelittleboydidn topenthedoor becauseheknewthattherewasadogoutside thelittleboydidn topenthedoor havingplentyofmoney shewasabletogoanywhereonholidays becauseshehadplentyofmoney shewasabletogoanywhereonholidays lucyandlily lookingsoalike areoftenmistakenfortwins lucyandlily becausetheylooksoalike areoftenmistakenfortwins thecouplewentshopping leavingtheireldestdaughteraloneathome thecouplewentshopping asaresult theylefttheireldestdaughteraloneathome timepermitting iwillmeetyouforlunch iftimepermits iwillmeetyouforlunch multiplechoice 1 whereismypassport iremember ithere youshouldn thaveleftithere rememberitwithyouallthetime a toput totakeb putting takingc putting totaked toput taking2 afterfinishinghishomeworkhewenton alettertohisparents a writeb writingc wroted towrite 3 onlyenglishdoesn tmeanthelanguage a tolearn tolearnb learning learningc learningabout learnd learningabout learning 4 wouldyoumind quietforamoment i mtrying aform a keeping fillingoutb tokeep tofilloutc keeping tofilloutd tokeep fillingout thenewsofhisfather sdeath heburstintotears a afterhearingb onhearingc whilehearingd havingheard6 ourfatheroftentoldusinthepastthat isbelieving a toseeb seeingc seed tobeseen 7 isagoodofexerciseforboththeyoungandtheold a thewalkb walkingc towalkd walk8 therewasaterriblenoise thesuddenburstoflight a followedb followingc tobefollowedd beingfollowed 9 itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire allnight a toburnb burnc burningd burned10 areply hedecidedtowriteasixthletter notreceivingb nottoreceivec nothavingreceivedd havingnotreceived 1 ismellsomething inthekitchen canicallyoubackinaminute 2007全国 a burningb burntc beingburntd tobeburnt 高考链接 2 atthebeginningofclass thenoiseofdesks couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom 2007全国 a openedandclosedb tobeopenedandclosedc beingopenedandclosedd toopenandclose 3 theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance inthenaturallightduringtheday 2007天津 toletb lettingc letd havinglet4 peterreceivedaletterjustnow hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon 2007四川 a saidb saysc sayingd tosay 5 thatshedidn tdoagoodjob idon tthinkiamablerthanher 2007陕西 a tohavesaidb havingsaidc tosayd saying6 asthelightturnedgreen istoodforamoment not andaskedmyselfwhatiwasgoingtodo 2007湖南 a movedb movingc tomoved beingmoved 7 inthequeueforhalfanhour tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome 2004北京 a towaitb havewaitedc havingwaitedd tohavewaited8 theflowers sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature 2004上海 a tosmellb smellingc smeltd tobesmelt 9 theoldman abroadfortwentyyears isonthewaybacktohismotherland 2004江苏 a toworkb workingc tohaveworkedd havingworked10 helookedaroundandcaughtaman hishandintothepocketintoapassenger 2004北京春 a putb tobeputtingc toputd putting 11 thestormleft alotofdamagetothisarea 2005全国i a causedb tohavecausedc tocaused havingcaused12 youcan tcatchme janetshouted away 2005全国ii runb runningc torund ran 13 it snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp 2005北京 a tohavehadb havinghadc haved having 14 icouldn tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise 2005北京 a goingonb goesonc wentond togoon15 acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound inthekitchen 2003全国 a smokeb smokingc tosmoked smoked 16 thechineseareproudofthe29tholympicgames inbeijingin2008 2006四川 a holdb holdingc heldd tobeheld17 mycousincametoseemefromthecountry meafullbasketoffreshfruits 2006广东 a boughtb bringingc tobringd hadbrought 18 tomsoundsverymuch inthejob buti mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit 2006山东 a interestedb interestingc interestinglyd interestedly 19 wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass hewouldanswercarelessly always thesamething 2006江苏 a sayingb saidc tosayd havingsaid 20 thereisastoryhereinthepaperabouta110 year oldman mygoodness ican timagine thatold 2006江苏 a tobeb tohavebeenc beingd havingbeen languagepoints 1 disappoint p29 disappointvt tofailtosatisfysomeoneortheirhopes desires etc tocausesomeonetofeelunhappy 使失望1 i msorrytodisappointyou buti mafraidican tcomeafterall 2 wedon twanttodisappointthefans disappointedadj unhappybecausesomeoneorsth wasnotasgoodasyouhopedorexpected orbecausesth didnothappen 失望的1 weweredeeplydisappointedat abouttheresult 2 hisparentswerebitterlydisappointedin withhim 3 shewasdisappointed that theyhadn tphoned 4 hewasdisappointedtofindthey dalreadygone disappointingadj makingyoufeeldisappointed 令人失望的 1 whatadisappointingresult 2 theresponsetoouradvertisementhasbeensomewhatdisappointing disappointedlyadv 失望地disappointinglyadv 令人失望地 disappointmentn 失望1 u thefeelingofbeingdisappointed 1 bookearlytoavoiddisappointment 2 tomy great disappointment sadness hedecidedtoleave 2 cusuallysingular sth orsomeonethatisnotwhatyouwerehopingitwouldbe 1 thepartyturnedouttobeahugedisappointment 2 i mafraidi vebeenratheradisappointmenttomyparents 2 oneofthecustomsofficerswaswatchingthearrivalsveryclosely p29 closelyadv inaclosemanner接近地 紧密地 严密地 密切地 listenclosely listencarefullythetwoeventsarecloselyconnected 1 after20yearsofmarriage they restilldeeplyinlove 2 thesubmarinesaileddeepundertheicecap 3 forourcountrytoremaincompetitive weneedahighly skilled highly educatedworkforce cf close adv leavinglittlespacebetween inacloseposition位置接近地 无空隙地作副词时 close常表示具体的距离的近 closely常表示抽象意义 类似的还有 deeply deep highly high等 closeadj 1 havingdirectfamilyconnectionsorsharedbeliefs supportandsympathy 关系接近的 亲密的 thereweren tmanypeopleatthefuneral justclosefamily relatives miraisoneofmyclosestfriends 2 notdistantinpositionortime 时间空间等接近 theelectionresultsweresoclosetheyhadtovoteagain hecamesecondintherace butitwasveryclose 3 havingonlyasmalldifference 相似 势均力敌的 1 don tgettooclosetothatdog rosie 2 ihatepeoplestandingtooclosetome 3 aschristmasgetscloser theshopsgetmoreandmorecrowded 4 emmalookedclosetotears almostgoingtocry ifthefirmsfailedtomakeenoughmoney theywould 2007湖北 a closedownb calloffc turndownd setoff 高考链接 itwasrainingheavily littlemaryfeltcold soshestood tohermother 2002北京 a closeb closelyc closedd closing 高考链接 3 afterall theyarelimited p31 afterall1 inspiteofwhathasbeensaid doneorexpected毕竟 终究therainhasstopped sothegamewillgoaheadafterall 2 itshouldberemembered应该记住 别忘了idolikeher afterall sheismysister all常用短语及搭配 atall根本 全然isthereanyuncertaintyatallaboutthewayshedied allinall从各方面考虑allinall ithinkyou vedoneverywell goal