高中英语必修5 unit1 Great scients 课件人教版.ppt

unit1 greatscientists wordstudy p92 pairworkreadthenewwordsaloudonpage92 andpayattentiontothepronunciation usethecorrectformofthewordsinthisunittofillinthechart infect infectious examine scientific conclusion analyse defeat value valuable analytical gotono 7 instruct instructive contribute creation creative calculation movement movable complete complete enthusiastic matchthewordsandtheirdefinitions epletef valuableg announceh controli positivej conclude 1 generalprinciplesofanartorscience2 sayordoagain3 atonce withoutdelay4 lookat carefullyinordertolearnaboutorfrom 5 ofgreatvalue wothoruse6 havingallitsparts whole finished7 makeknown8 comeorbringtoanend9 powertoorderordirect10 quitecertainorsure period1warmingup unit1greatscientists guessing ourschoolwillholdanexhibitionofsomefamousscientistsaroundtheworld whomdoyouthinkwewillchoose listentomydescriptionandguess archimedes helivedinancientgreece hediscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforce theforcehelpsthemfloat thistheoryhelpedhimsolvetheproblemraisedbytheking heoncesaid givemeaplacetostandon andicanmovetheearth charlesdarwin hewasbornin1808 inbritain hewroteafamousbookwhichchangedthewaywethinkaboutourlives atthattimepeoplethoughtalllivingthingswereperfect sotheywouldneverneedtochange heputforwardhistheorythatanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged thomasnewcomen mariecurie stephenhawking zhangzheng nowit syourturntochooseoneandintroduce gregormendel czech 1822 1884 hegrewpeaplantsanddevelopedideasonheredity 遗传学 andinherited 继承 承传 characteristics heconcentrated 集中精力 oncross fertilizing 施肥 peaplantsandanalyzingtheresults between1856 1863hegrew28 000peaplants heexaminedsevenkindsofseedandplantcharacteristicsanddevelopedsomelawsofinheritance 承传的规则 thefirstisthatinheritancefactorsdonotcombinebutarepassedtothenextgenerationintact 完整的 second hefoundthateachpartnergiveshalftheinheritedfactorstotheyoung gregormendel 1822 1884 czech 捷克人 thomasedison 1847 1931 anamericaninventor thomasedison theinventionsofthomasedison phonograph留声机 lightbulb motionpictures lastsupper monalisa leonardodavinci 1452 1519 italianartist sirhumphrydavy 1778 1829 british miniatureminer ssafetylamp stephenhawking 1942 thegreatestphysicistintheworld reading pre reading 1 whatfivemostimportantqualitiesdoyouthinkascientistshouldhave carefulcleverstrictpatientcreativestrong willedhonestseriousintelligenthumorousambitiousgenerous 2 whatdoyouknowaboutinfectiousdiseases whatdoyouknowaboutcholera infectiousdiseasescanbespreadtootherpeople theyhaveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem choleraisaninfectiousandoftendeadlydiseasecausingseverediarrhoea 腹泻 andvomiting 呕吐 commoninhotcountries predicting readthetitle johnsnowdefeatskingcholera andlookatthepictures thenguesswhatthepassagemaybeabout a johnsnowwasawell knowndoctorinlondon b thecauseofcholerawaspollutedwater c thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexamined d howjohnsnowcollected analyzeddatatofindthecauseofthediseaseandsolvedit d predicttherightanswer i skimming 1 doyouknowwhatwasthismapusedforin1854 findingoutthecauseofcholera reading 2 readanddothetrueorfalsequestions 1 cholerawasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday 2 johnsnowattendedqueenelizabethitoeasethebirthofherbabies 3 johnsnowgotnointerestintwotheoriesexplaininghowcholerakilledpeople 4 in1854 thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethat500peoplehaddiedin10days 5 johnsnowfoundthatthepollutedwaterwasthecauseofthecholera t t f f f whathappenedin1854 howmanypeoplediedin10days whyistherenodeathatno 20and21broadstreetaswellasatno 8and9cambridgestreet ii scanning acholeraoutbreakhitlondon 500 thesefamilieshadnotdrunkthewaterfromthebroadstreetpump iii furtherreading1 readandanswer 1whycouldn tthecholerabeundercontrolatfirst 2whichtheorydidjohnsnowbelievein 3johnsnowfinallyprovedthetheoryhebelievedby a gatheringinformationwiththehelpofamapb lookingintothesourceofthewaterforbroadstreetandcambridgestreetc separatingthosewhosufferedcholerafromthosewhodidn td bothaandb4topreventthecholerafromspreadingagain whatdidjohnsnowdo 1whycouldn tthecholerabeundercontrolatfirst 2whichtheorydidjohnsnowbelievein neitheritscause notitscurewasunderstood peopleabsorbedcholeraintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals 3johnsnowfinallyprovedthetheoryhebelievedby a gatheringinformationwiththehelpofamapb lookingintothesourceofthewaterforbroadstreetandcambridgestreetc separatingthosewhosufferedcholerafromthosewhodidn td bothaandb 4topreventthecholerafromspreadingagain whatdidjohnsnowdo suggestedthatthesourceofallwatersuppliesbeexamine suggestedthatnewmethodsofdealingwithpollutedwaterbefound instructedthewatercompaniesnottoexposepeopletothepollutedwateranymore iv comprehendingreadthepassageagainandfinishex 1 page3 scientificreportbyjohnsnowtheproblemnobodyknowthecauseoftheseriousdiseaseofcholera thecauseidea1 strangecloudintheairthatattackedvictimsidea2 peopleabsorbedthediseasewiththeirmeals themethodcollectdatafromthenextcholeraattacktotesttheories trytoprovewhichmethodwascorrect theresultshefoundthatthecauseofcholerawasthepollutedwater idea1or2 why idea2becausethedatashowedaconnectionwiththewater theconclusionjohnsnowwasabletodefeatcholeraonceitscausewasknown stagesofjohnsnow sresearchparagraph1 findaproblemwhatcausescholera paagraph2 makeupaquestionwhichtheoryiscorrect paragraph3 thinkofamethodandcollectresultscollectdataonthosewhowereillordiedandwheretheygottheirwater plot 标出 informationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdie paragraph4 analysetheresultsanalysethewatertoseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness paragraph5 repeatifnecessaryfindotherevidencetoconfirmtheconclusion paragraph6drawaconclusionthewateristoblame thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedsothatitissafe 1 whatshouldyoudoifyou retravelingtoacountrythathasacholeraoutbreakaccordingtosnow stheory 2 whatspiritcanwefindinjohnsnow asastudent whatshouldwelearnfromhim careful kind brave responsible devotedtohiscareer v discussion johnsnowwasa doctorinlondon inhistime cholerawasthemostdeadlydisease everytimetherewasa an manypeoplediedofthedisease johnsnowwantedtousehisknowledgetohelpsolvethisproblem heknewitwouldneverbe untilitscausewasfound atthattime thereweretwo aboutcholera thefirstsuggestedthatcholera intheairwithoutreason thesecondsuggestedthatpeople thisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals johnsnowdeterminedtofindoutwhy well known outbreak controlled theories multiplied absorbed hebelievedinthesecondtheorybutneededtoprovehewascorrect sohe datatotestthetwotheories he onamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlivedandthemapgavea clueaboutthecauseofthedisease itseemedthewaterwasto next johnsnowlookedintothesourceofthewaterforthesestreets withenoughevidence heannouncedwith thatpollutedwatercarriedthediseaseofcholera 176words collected marked valuable blame certainty languagepointsofwarmingup 1 liftsth sb up提起 举起 抬高2 explainsth tosb 向某人解释某事3 pass from 从 处传来passby路过 经过 回避passdown使流传passon传递 传授 4 putforward 提出 计划 建议等 将 提前 把钟表拨快heputforwardagoodplanforthisproject 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案 thematchhasbeenputforwardto1 30 比赛已经提前到一点半举行 puttheclockforwardbytenminutes 把钟表拨快十分钟 putforwardanewtheoryputon穿上 戴上 增加putout熄灭 灯 扑灭 火 putupwith 忍受 putdown写下来 放下 使 着陆putoff耽误 延期putup建立 建造 5 examine check test1 examine指的是仔细观察以了解或发现什么东西 也可用于医生检查病人 以书面或口头的形式考察学生的知识和能力 2 check指的是通过检查以确保某事物正确 安全 满意或处于良好的状态 核对 核实某事等 3 test指的是检验和衡量某物或某人的品质 质量等 测验某人在某方面的知识或能力 还有实验 考验的意思 也可用于医学的检验 化验 heisexaminingatheory 他在查验一个理论 you dbettercheckthetyres theyaretestingthewaterforpollution 他们在检验水污染情况 完成句子 shewenttothehospitaltohaveherteeth 检查 couldyougoand 弄清楚 ifthebabyisasleep examined check 6 conclude1 vtconcludesth withsth 结束 决定 达成 缔结条约themeetingconcludedat8 00 britainconcludedatradeagreementwithchina 2 vi 作结论 断定thejuryconcludedthathewasguilty 陪审团认定他有罪 3 toconclude 总而言之 总之 插入语 toconclude iwanttothankyouforyourhelp conclusion c 结论 结束 决定 协议 fromthesefactswecandrawsomeconclusionsabouthowthepyramidswerebuilt 短语 make drawaconclusion 得出结论cometo reach arriveataconclusionbring toaconclusion结束inconclusion最后 7 repeatifnecessary repeatifitisnecessary repetition n repeatedly adv 一再 再三 多次地herepeatedlyexpressedhiswishtogotojay svocal 歌唱会 concert ifpossible ifitispossibleifso如果那样的话ifnot如果不的话ifany如果有的话 表示 数量 thereislittlewater ifany 即使有水 也只是一点点 para 1importantanddifficultpoints languagepointsofreadingdealingwithparagraphs 1 johnsnowwasawell knowndoctorinlondon sofamous indeed thatheattendedqueenvictoriatoeasethebirthofherbabies 1 attend v 1 tobepresentat goto meeting conference lecture 出席 参加他决定亲自赴会 hedecidedtoattendthemeetinghimself 2 tolookafter carefor serve照顾 看护 whichdoctorisattending to on you 哪位医生护理你 3 伴随 陪同 这项工作带来许多困难 theworkwasattendedwithmuchdifficulty 总统有几位工作人员伴随 thepresidentwasattendedbyseveralmembersofhisstaff 1 u c 出席 到场 attendanceatthemeetingisnotrequired youhavemissedseveralattendancesthisterm 2 c numberofpeoplepresent出席人数 attendanceshaveincreasedsincewereducedthepriceoftickets 3 idm习语 inattendance onsb 护理 卫护 服侍 heisinattendanceonthesickman thepresidentalwayshassixbodyguardsincloseattendance studentsdoctorsandnursespeopleintheneighborhoodallhisfriendsandrelativesgardenersmembersoftheunionofstudents churchpatientsalectureschoolameetingabouttheunionhisweddingthebotanicalgarden attend attend practice imaybelate ihavegotoneortwothingstoattendto motherhadtoattendtohersickson 处理 办理 照顾 护理 2 ease1 v 使安心 使舒适 减轻 缓和heeasedhismindbyreturningthestolenmoney 还了偷来的钱 他的心理才得到了安宁igavehimsomemedicinetoeasethepain 2 ease n 安逸 自在 容易 sheknewthathewasnotatease hetriedtoappearathisease at one s ease安详 自在 随意 不拘束otherphrases put set atease使不拘束 不紧张 使安心withease毫不费力地 轻而易举地that snotdifficult icoulddoitwithease 2 buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera ordinarypeoplewhowere 在句中是过去分词作后置定语 表示被动 意为 患霍乱的 如 thebookwrittenbyluxunisverypopular 3 exposev 1 暴露 expose to heexposeshisskintothesun 他把皮肤暴露在阳光下 2 揭露 揭发heexposedtheirplot 他揭穿了他们的阴谋 ithreatenedtoexposehim tothepolice 我威胁要 向警察 揭发他 neitheritscause noritscurewasunderstood 4 curen 治疗方法v 治愈 治好 强调结果 curesb of 治好某人 病医生最终治好了他的病 thedoctorcuredhimofhisillnessatlast 3 somanythousandofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak terrifiedpeople惊恐的人们 4 everytimetherewasanoutbreakadverbialclauseoftime 时间状语从句 5 anytime 随时 nexttime thelasttime eachtime everytime thefirsttime thetime themoment theminute directly immediately等常用来引导时间状语从句everytimeicatchacold ihaveapaininmyback themomentisawhim iknewwhathadhappened 1 ithoughthimhonest imethim a thefirsttimeb firsttimec forthefirsttimed bythefirsttime2 sheisalwaysbusydoinghousework icometovisither a everytimewhenb ateverytimec everytimed ateachtime a c 5 heknewitwouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewasfound 6 controlv tohavepowerover rule direct统治 控制youaretryingtocontrolmeasthoughiwereyourslave 政府正在努力控制物价 thegovernmentistryingitsbesttocontrolprices 他无法抑制自己的愤怒 hecannotcontrolhisanger n 控制 统治 掌握 1 losecontrolof失去对 控制beoutofcontrol失去控制司机失去控制 车撞到了树上 thedriverlostcontrolofhiscaranditknockedintoatree 车失去控制 撞到了墙上 thecarwasoutofcontrolandranintoawall 2 incontrolof控制着 mr brownisincontrolofthemoney 布朗先生管理钱财 3 underthecontrolof 在 的控制下 被 控制着mr brownisincontrolofthemoney themoneyisunder inthecontrolofmr brown 7 absorbvt beabsorbedin 被 吸引 专注于做某事1 吸收 水分 aspongeabsorbswater 海绵吸水 2 吸收 接受 看法 知识 thecleverboyabsorbedalltheknowledgewhichteacherscouldgivehim 3 吸引 注意力 兴趣 时间 thelittlegirlwasabsorbedinreadingatale 4 理解 掌握 it salotofinformationtoabsorballatonce dealingwithpara 26 thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheairwithoutreason acloudofdangerousgaswouldfloatarounduntilitfounditsvictims 7 thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdieaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals 第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的 8 fromthestomachthedieaseattackedthebodyquicklyandsoontheaffected 受疾病侵袭的 personwasdead 8 suggest用法 1 suggest表示建议可跟名词 动名词及that从句 suggest avisittothegreatwall ourvisitingthegreatwall thatwe should visitthegreatwall 建议某人做某事 不用suggestsb todosth 而用suggestsb sdoing或that从句 如 他建议我们早点去机场 esuggestedustoleaveearlyfortheairport hesuggestedourleavingearlyfortheairport hesuggestedthatwe should leaveearlyfortheairpor 2 暗示 表明 可跟that从句 但必须用陈述语气 hispalefacesuggestedthathewasill 名词suggestion后跟的同位语从句和表语从句也用thatsb should doeg mysuggestionisthatwe should haveameetingtodiscussitatonce thendotheexercise4onpage43 dealingwithpara 39 thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplehaddiedin10days 9 severeadj 1 人 纪律 严厉的 严格的 hisseverelooksfrightenedme 他的严厉表情使我恐慌 2 疼痛 剧烈的 他的腿疼的厉害 hehasaseverepaininhisleg 3 beseverewith bestrictwith对 要求严格他严格要求自己 heisseverewithhimself sars severeacuterespiratorysyndrome严重急性呼吸综合症 10 itseemedthewaterwastoblame 10 blamesb fordoing sth 因为某事责备某人heblamedtheboyforhismistake blame on 谴责 把 归功于betoblame 应受责备 应负责任 主动表被动这个错误应归咎于谁 whoistoblameforthemistake weallfeelitisjackaswellashiswifethat fortheirson sbadperformanceatschool aretoblameb istobeblamedc aretobeblamedd istoblame d 7 immediatelyjohnsnowtoldtheastonishedpeopleinbroadstreettoremovethehandlefromthewaterpumpsoitcouldnotbeused 约翰 斯诺马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手 这样 水泵就用不成了 handlen 把手v 1 触 摸 拿pleasehandletheglasswithcare 2 处理或负责 管理thehosthandledadifficultargumentskillfully 3 操纵 控制thecarhandleswell 这辆车开起来真灵便 para 411 immediately themoment directly instantly等都可以作连词 引导时间状语从句 意为 一 就 如 iwillgivethelettertohimimmediatelyiseehim 我一见到他就把这封信给他 icamedirectlyigotyourletter 我一接到你的信就来了 para 5 12 inadditionto besides aswellas除了 之外还有 包括之内 apartfrom1 除了 之外 包括在内 2 除了 之外 不包括在内 exceptfor 除了某个细节except除了 整体 but着重在整体 常用在no all nobody where who everywhere等词后 三者都 除 之外 没有 含 排除 之意eg 1 ihadnothingonexceptformysocks 2 weworkeveryexceptsunday 3 ihaven thadthetimetodoanything butwork para 5 inaddition hefoundtwootherdeathsinanotherpartoflondonlinkedtothebroadstreetoutbreak whichwerelinkedtothe 13 link to with belinkedto 把 与 连接起来thenewspaperlinkedhisnamewithhers 14 announce公布 宣告heannouncedhisdecision wehaveannouncedourengagementtosomefriends 我们已经向一些朋友宣布了我们的婚约 thegovernmentspokesmanannouncedthatanewlawhadbeenpassed 政府发言人宣布一项新的法律已经被通过 ithasbeenannouncedthathewillresign 他将辞职的消息已经宣布 para 69 thewatercompanieswerealsoinstructednottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore instructvt 命令 指示 教导heinstructedthemtolisten sheinstructedmeinhowtousethecomputer thegeneralinstructedthatthesoldiers should gotothefrontthroughthenight 归纳 instruct表示 命令 时 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气 谓语动词用should 动词原形或省略should instructsb todosth 命令某人做某事instructsb insth 在某方面指导某人instructionn 指示 用法说明 书 教育 指导 classroomtest 1 tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone sskin a exposedb beingexposedc havingexposedd afterbeingexposed2 writingthearticle mrs curieevenforgotherdinner a absorbedinb absorbingatc havingabsorbedbyd toabsorbin3 noonehas anythingbetterthantheplannowunderconsideration a putupbcomeupc putforwarddcomeupto b a c 4 themotherdidn tknowwho forthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout a tobeblamedb toblamec blamedd istobeblame5 pleasegivemeacall youarriveinnewyork a immediatelyb immediatelywhenc themomentwhend atthemoment6 yourcompositionisquitegood severalmistakesinspelling a besidesb exce