文献翻译——一种基于单片机的新型三相多费率电能表的设计

C1DesignofaNewThree-phaseMulti-rateWatt-hourMeterBasedonsinglechipAbstractWiththedevelopmentofthesociety,thedemandofelectricpowerbecomesbiggerandbigger.Thephenomenonofunbalancedelectricityindifferenttimeisworseandworse.Inordertoadjustelectricpowerburthenwithreasonandsaveenergy,weputforwardthedesignofanovelmulti-ratethree-phasewatt-hourmeter.Thedesignprincipleofanovelmulti-ratethree-phasewatt-hourmeterbasedonAT89LV5isproposedinthispaper.Thedesignsofhardwareandsoftwareflow,aswellastheanalysisofexperimentdataarepresentedindetail.BytrialmanufacturinginZiboBillionElectronLimitedCompany,itdemonstratesthatthismulti-ratethree-phasewatt-hourmeterhasthecharacteristicswhicharewalkingprecision,accuratemeasurement,automaticmeterreading,flexibletimeperiodsettingandlowcost.Therefore,thisnovelmulti-ratewatt-hourmeterhasabroadapplicationprospect.Keywords-multi-rate,three-phasewatt-hourmeter,AT89LV52I.INTRODUCTIONThedevelopmentandapplicationofcomputertechnologypushtheconstructionofintellectualizedsectionexteriorly.Becausethephenomenaofbiggerdemandofelectricpowerandunbalancedelectricityindifferenttimeisworseandworse,electricpowercompanyhasencouragedpeopletousemulti-ratewatt-hourmeter1inordertoadjustelectricpowerburthenwithreasonandsaveenergy.Thetraditionalmulti-ratewatt-hourmeteralwaysadoptsmechanicaltinplatetomeasure.Therearesomeshortcomingsthatthemeasurementprecisionfallswithmachineabrasion,singletimeperiodsettingandstrongmanpower2.Inthispaper,weproposeanovelmulti-ratethree-phasewatt-hourmeterbasedonAT89LV52.Thismulti-ratethree-phasewatt-hourmeteradoptsAD7752formeasurement.Ithasthecharacteristicswhicharetime-sharingmeasurement,accuratemeasurement,LCDdisplay,automaticmeterreading,flexibletimeperiodsetting,timelyemendation,lowcostandnoveldesign.II.STRUCTUREANDWORKINGPRINCIPLEThenovelmulti-ratethree-phasewatt-hourmeterproposedinthispaperisbaseduponAT89LV52singlechip3.AT89LV52hastheC2flashmemorizerwith8kbytes,cryptographicalprogrammemorizerwiththirdclass,RAMwith256bytes,32programmableI/Olines,threetime/counterwith16bitsandatwoclasshaltwithsixvectors.TheinterfacecircuitadoptsI2Cbusunitwhichisa8bitssinglechipwithgoodperformanceandsuitableprice.Thesystemstructurediagramisshowninfigure1.Figure1.SystemstructurediagramTheprincipleofthismulti-ratewatt-hourmeterisreadinginthemulti-ratetimesegmentsusingRS485busandnotinginX25045thentakeovercorrectionalclockwithRS485busandwriteinclockCMOSchipS3530A.Thethree-phaseACvoltageandelectriccurrentpassthroughpotentiometerandmutualinductanceinstrumentrespectivelysoastoproducesmallsignalwhichissenttoAD7752tocompletemeasurement.TheclockCMOSchipS3530AgivesclockinformationpersecondinthecourseofautomaticmoveandanalyzethisclockbelongstowhichperiodoftimeaccordingtoadvanceperiodsoftimesetinX25045thensavetheelectricalenergyinRAMmemorizeraccordingtocorrespondingperiodoftime.WewriteittocorrespondingaddressofX25045whentheelectricalenergyachievesonedegreeinordertomakethemulti-ratemeasurementcometrue.Thiswatt-hourmeterhasfunctionsofclearLCDdisplay,missingphasedetection,burthencontrol,haltelectricitycheckandstorage,automaticmeterreadingandsoon.III.THEDESIGHOFHARDWARECIRCUITAElectricalenergymeasurementThethree-phaseelectricalenergymeasurementisrealizedbythelowconsumeCMOSchipAD7752ofADIcompany.TheinsideofAD7752adoptsdigitalcircuitbesidesADC,filterandmultiplicationcircuitwhichcaneliminatenoiseseffectively.Thesamplingcourseofvoltageandelectriccurrentinthree-phaseACpowersupplyloopisshowninC3figure2inwhichIAstandsforvoltagesamplingofAphase.ThesamplingcircuitsofBphaseandCphasearesimilartoAphase.Thepowerafterintegralistransformedtoelectricalpulseforoutput.Thepulseoffan-outCFentersintointerregnumINT0ofAT89LV52throughphotoelectricityinsulation4N25.CPUmeasurestheelectricalenergy4.WeadjustthepulsenumberofCFbycombiningthestateofS1andS2.TheconnectionofelectricalenergyandpulseisW=MC.Inwhich,Wistheelectricalenergywiththeunitofkilowatt-hour,Misthetotalpulsenumber,Cisthepulsenumberofammeter.WechooseCequalsto3000thatistosayeverykilowatt-houris3000pulses.Figure2.Circuitschematicdiagramofwatt-hourmeterBLCDdisplayTheLCDdisplay6adoptsHT1621CMOSchipofHOLTEKCompanytoachievetwelvebitsdigitaldisplay.HT1621istheLCDdriverswith128segments(324)innermemorizer.TheinteriorofHT1621consistsofcontrolandtimecircuits,RAM,LCDdriveandwatchtimer.Ithasthemeritsofsmallvolumeandlowcostsothatitissuittowatt-hourmeter.WeuseserialinterfacewhichonlyhasfourlinesbetweenHT1621andAT89LV52.Thedetailedconnectionisshowninfigure3.P20,P21,P22andP23ofAT89LV52connecttoCS,RD,WRandDATArespectivelywiththeusetorefurbishthedisplayofRAM.HT1621driveCMOSchiphas48nodesinwhichCOM0,COM1,COM2,COM3connecttothecommunalendanddriveoutputofLCDandSG0,SG1,SG2,SG3connecttodriveoutputofeverysegmentrespectively.Inaddition,anC4adjustableresistanceof20kisputbetweenVDDandVLCDtoadjustthedisplaycontrastofLCD.ExperimentshowsthatthecontrastisbetterwithVDD=5VandVLCD=4V.CSerialmemorizerSerialmemorizeradoptslowpowerconsumptionchipX25045ofXICORcompany.IthasthreefunctionswhicharewatchdogtimerWTD,voltagesupervisionandserialmemorizerE2PROMwith512bytes.WTDcanbeset200ms,600msand1400mstimeintervals.ThesoftwareprogramisreadintoX25045.Duringthenormalrunningofprogram,WTDreceivesthetriggersignalintimeintervalsinordertoensurethenormalrunningofprogram.X25045willoutputahighpotentialthroughRESETlineifWTDdoesnotreceivetriggersignalintimeintervals.Thetriggerwatt-hourmeterresetinordertopreventprogramflyingaway.Astheserialmemorizerchip,512bytesofX25045areusedtostoragethewatt-hourmetercode,multi-rateperiodsoftime,theapexelectricity,smoothelectricity,valeelectricityandtotalelectricityoflastmonthandthismonth.Storagecanbedividedintotwosameareas.Oneisusedasdatastorage.Theotherisusedforbackup.Thenumberofstoragecanberevised100,000times.Datacanbestoredfor100years.ItisconnectedwithAT89LV52bySPIagreementbus.Theconnectionisshowninfigure3.DClockcircuitTheclockcircuitiscompletedbyS3530Achip.ItisalowpowerconsumptionclockchipthatsupportsI2CBus.ItsetstheclockandcalendaraccordingtothedatareceivedbyCUPcommunicatingwithRS485.Atthesametime,itcontinuestowalktimebyitsownoscillation.Thecrystaloscillatorof32.768kHzisputbetweenXinandXoutofS3530AwhichisconnectedwithCPUthroughlatching.SDAfootandSCLfootconnecttoP1.6andP1.7ofAT89LV52respectively.TherearetwointerruptalarmingfootscanbesetassecondoutputorminuteoutputsynchronizingpulsewhichsupplyinterruptsignaltoAT89LV52withonesecondperiod.Single-chipsystemwillreadoutthecurrenttimethroughI2Ccommunicationinterfaceaccordingtothissignalandcalculatetheperiodoftimethatthismomentbelongstosoastorealizetheelectricalenergymeasurementindifferentperiodsoftime5.Thisclockcircuithassparelithiumbattery.ThepowersupplyVCCsupplypowerinnormalwiringandelectrifiedforlithiumbatteryof3.6V.Whenthereispoweroff,thesystemwillautomaticallyconvertlithiumbatterytoclockcircuitforpowersupply.Theclockwillstillrunningaccuratelyeventhepowerisoff.C5Figure3.Partialcircuitfigureofwatt-hourmeterERS485CommunicationMAX485chipcanimplementRS485communicationcontrolofmulti-ratewatt-hourmeter.MAX485chiphasRS485communicationprotocol.Itcantake128hypogenouscomputers.Itstransmissiondistanceisgreaterthan1kmanditstransferrateisupto250kbpersecond.Thewatt-hourmeterconnectswiththeunitcontrollerthroughtheRS485bus.Eachunithasacellcontrollercanmanage128multi-ratewatt-hourmeter.Thecellcontrollerconnectstopowermanagementcomputer.Eachwatt-hourmeterhasoneandonlymeternumberwitheightbitsofhex.Theelectricianshouldwritetheusersinformationandmeternumberandthenimporttothepowermanagementcomputerforinitialinstallationsoadtocompletetheconnectionofuserandmanagementcomputer.Managementcomputersendssettingofperiodoftimeandclockinformationwiththemannerofbroadcastcommunicationwithoutaddressinformation.PCuploadsinformationbythewayofcallingaddress.FLackPhasedetectionandrelaycontrolItcanachieverelaycontrol7withP27ofAT89LV52.P27cancontrolrelaysusing4N25photoelectricityisolatorsoastocompletepowersupplyandpowercontrol.LackPhasedetectiongetsthesignalfromfan-outoftherelayandconnectsto1footofphotoelectricityisolatorafterpassinga75Kresistance,thediodehalf-waverectifierandcapacitivefilteringrespectively.WedetectC6the4footofisolatortodeterminewhetherthereisthelackofphase.Ifthereislackofphase,wedetectagainafter2secondsovertime.Webreakoffthepowerimmediatelyifthereislackofpowerafterthetwiceconfirmation.Inpowerprotectioncircuit,itusestheINT1interruptfootofAT89LV52todetectsignal.Whenthereisasuddenpoweroff,INT1jumpsintoalowvoltageandtheINT1interruptenterstothepowerprotectionprogramrelyingontheenergystoragecapacitortosavedata.Inthesystem,pulseoutputofAD7752,relaycontrolportandtheinputsoflackphasedetectionallusephotoelectricisolator4N25.Itsendselectricalsignalbylightcouplingwhichcanenhancetheabilityofanti-jamming.IV.THEDESIGNOFSOFTWAREAThedistributionofresourceThesoftwareprogramincludesmainprogram,X25045readandwriteprogram,RS485serialcommunicationprogram,interruptserveprogram,timerhandlingprogram,HT1621displaycontrolprogram,electricalenergymeasurementindifferentperiodoftimeandpowerdownprotectionprogram,andsystemself-checkingandanti-interferencehandlingprogram.Interruptresourcedistributionofsystemis:INT0interruptisusedasAD7752pulsemeasurement,INT1assynchronizationdetecting,timerT0as100mstiming,T1as1mstiming,andT2asbaudrategeneratorforserialcommunicationprogram.RS485asynchronouscommunicationissettoreceiveinterruptandcheckinformationforsending.BModuledesighTheflowchartofmainprogramisshowninfigure4.Thewatt-hourmetershouldbeabletoinitializeateachpoweruptime.Theinitializingprogramincludessettingworkingmodeoftimers,serialstomataandinterruptsforAT89LV52,writingcontrolwordintoX25045,S3530AandHT1621.Thissystemsetsthreeperiodsoftime.ThesinglechipreadsclockvaluefromS3530ApersecondthenanalyzethisclockbelongstowhichperiodoftimeaccordingtoadvanceperiodsoftimesetinX25045thensavetheelectricalenergyinRAMmemorizeraccordingtocorrespondingperiodoftime.WewriteittocorrespondingaddressofX25045whentheelectricalenergyachievesonedegree.TheLCDdisplaywith16bitsshowsperiodoftimeandelectricalenergyinformationinturn.C7Figure4.FlowchartofmainprogramV.TESTINGRESULTErrormeasurementandrunningtesthavebeenmadeinZiboBillionElectronCo.,Ltd.Theepigenouscomputercompletesthesettingoftimemanagement.Therearethree-rateperiodoftime.Thefirstperiodoftimeisvaleelectricityfrom00point00minuteto06point30minutes.Thesecondperiodoftimeisapexelectricityfrom06point30minutesto22point30minutes.Thethirdperiodoftimeissmoothelectricityfrom22point30minutesto24point00minute.ThesettingofrateperiodoftimeissenttocomputermanagementsystembyelectricpowercompanyaccordingtonationalpolicyandsavedinX25045.Theapexelectricity,smoothelectricity,valeelectricityandtotalelectricitypermonthreadsavedinelectricalenergymeterandsenttoepigenouscomputerthroughcellcontroller.C8Thecommunicationbaudrateis9600bitspersecond.Thecheckoutplatformof0.1gradestandardelectronicpowermeterisusedasstandardmeterandthemulti-ratewatt-hourmeteristhetestedmeter.BillionElectronCompanyhascarriedouttestingaccordingtodifferentloadrunning.Themeasureddataisshownintable1withtheburthenof30kW.TABLEI.COMPAREOFNORMALMETERANDTESTINGMETERThetestingresultindicatesthattheerrorofthismulti-ratewatt-hourmeterislessthan1%,belongsto1.0grade.Thereturnreadingofelectricalenergyisprecisionandtheemendationoftimeistimelyandright.Bytesting,themethodofdecreasingerrorsforelectricitymeteringcanbeobtained.Firstly,adjustthesamplingresistanceofAD7752toaccuratevalue.Secondly,thevalueofthisresistanceisneededlessvaryingwithtemperature.Thirdly,duringelectricitymeteringprogress,whenmantissaportionofelectricityislessthan0.01,theremainingpulseshouldbeaccessedtogether,thuscumulativeerrorcausedbylackof0.01degreeenergylosscouldbeavoided.VI.CONCLUSIONANDEXPECTATIONThemulti-ratewatt-hourmeterachieveselectricalenergycomputationindifferenttimeaccordingtodifferenttimesetting.ItadoptsRS485forserialcommunicationandrealizesautomaticmeterreadingandreal-timeemendation.TheresultsofproductioninBillionElectronCompanyshowthatthemulti-ratethree-phasewatt-hourmeterproposedinthispaperhasthecharacteristicsofnoveldesigntechnique,accuratemeasurement,andflexibletimeperiodsetting.Varioustechnicalindexesachievethetechniquestandardfornationalintelligentcardwatt-hourmeter.Therefore,ithaswideapplication.C9REFERENCES1BuZhengliang,YinXianggen,TuGuangyu.“DevelopmentofHVWatt-hourmeter.”AutomationofElectricPowerSystems,2006,30(19):89-93.2KosukegawaM.,SakumotoY.“TraceabilitysystemofelectricenergystandardandtendencyinstaticwatthourmeterdevelopmentinJapan.”SixthInternationalConferenceonMeteringApparatusandTariffsforElectricitySupply,1990,4:259-263.3XuehaiLi.Appliedtutorialofsinglechip.Electronicindustrypublishingcompany,2003.4Al-KhateebTarik,BlundelMartin.“Anelectronicmeterformeasuringthesavinginelectricalpower.”TheNinthArabInternationalConferenceonSolarEnergy(AICSE-9),KingdomofBahrain,2007,4(209):328-333.5LiuYing,LiuQingyu.“Developmentofaself-calibrationprecisionelectricalmeasuringmeter.”Proceedingsofthe1998ConferencePrecisionElectromagneticMeasurements,1998,7:276.6GaoYun-Peng,TengZhao-Sheng,LiuPeng.“Designofthree-phasemulti-functionalharmonicenergymeter.”JournalofHunanUniversityNaturalSciences,2008,35(9):53-57.7QuQingchang.“Keytechnologytothree-phaseelectricmeterandhighvoltageelectricpowermeasurement.”ActaMetrologicaSinica,2007,vol28:25-30.C10一种基于单片机的新型三相多费率电能表的设计摘要：随着社会的发展，对电力的需求变得越来越大。在不同时间的电力不平衡现象日益严重。为了合理调整电力负荷，节约能源，我们提出了一个新的多速率设计三相电度表。这种新型多速率三相电度表的设计原理是在AT89LV5基础上提出的。硬件和软件流程设计，以及实验数据的分析，详细介绍。通过审判淄博亿电子有限公司制造，它表明这种多速率三相电度表具有特色，是步行的精度，准确测量，自动抄表，灵活的时间设置，成本低。因此，这种新型三相多费率电度表具有广阔的应用前景。关键词：多速率，三相电度表，AT89LV52一.引言计算机技术的发展和应用推动了电表的智能化转型。由于电力的需求增大，在不同时间的电力需求不平衡的现象越来越严重，电力公司鼓励人们使用复费率电度表1，以合理调整电力负荷，节省能源。传统的复费率电度表总是采用机械马口铁来衡量。也有一些不足之处，测量精度低与机械磨损快，单一的时间内设置需要强大的人力资源2。在本文中，我们在AT89LV52的基础上提出一个新的多速率三相电度表。这种多速率三相电度表采用测量AD7752。它的特点是分时计量，计量准确，液晶显示直观器，自动抄表，灵活的时间设置，及时校正，成本低，设计新颖。二.结构和工作原理本文提出的新颖的多速率三相电度表是基于AT89LV52单片机3。AT89LV52具有8K字节，三级加密程序存储器，256字节的RAM，32个可编程I/O线，3次/16位和一个6向量2级停止计数器的RAM。该接口电路采用I2C总线的单位，是一个8位具有良好的性能和价格合适的单片机。该系统结构图见图1。图1。系统结构图C11这种多费率电度表读数的原则是多速率一次使用RS485总线段并记录在X25045然后接管RS485总线时钟并将该时钟写入CMOS芯片S3530A。三相交流电压和电流通过电位仪和互感分别以生产小信号，传送到AD7752完成测量。时钟芯片S3530A提供了时钟的自动移动过程中每秒的信息和分析这种时钟属于哪个时期根据预先设定的时间在X25045的时间然后保存在RAM存储器电能按照相应的时间期限。我们把它写的X25045的通讯地址，当电能达到1度，以使多速率测量成真。这种电度表具有明确的液晶显示功能，缺相检测，负荷控制，停止用电检查和存储，自动抄表等三系统硬件电路的设计A电能计量三相电能计量由ADI公司的低耗能CMOS芯片AD7752来实现了。在AD7752内部，除了采用的ADC，滤波器和乘法电路，还有可以有效地消除噪声的数字电路。采样过程中的电压和电流的三相交流电源回路如图2所示，其中IA代表A相电压采样。对B相和C相的取样电路类似A相。电源积分后转化为电脉冲输出。脉冲从CF口通过光电绝缘4N25进入到空位的AT89LV52的INT0。CPU测量电能4。我们通过S1和S2的联系调节CF的脉冲数。电力能源和脉冲的转换关系是W=MC的。其中，W是同千瓦时电能的单位，M是总脉冲数，C是电表脉冲数。我们选择C=3000即每千瓦小时，每千瓦时3000脉冲。图2。电度表的电路原理图B液晶显示器该液晶显示器6通过盛群公司的CMOS芯片对HT1621的实现12位数字显示。HT1621是128段（324）内部存储器，LCD驱动器。在HT1621内部由控制电路和时间，内存，液晶驱动器和计时器。它有体积小，成本低的优点，C12使其使用于电度表。我们使用串行接口，在HT1621和AT89LV52之间只有4条线。详细的连接如图3所示。AT89LV52的P20,P21,P22,P23分别连接到CS,RD,WR并分别与数据使用翻新的RAM显示。对HT1621驱动器芯片已在48个节点的COM0，串口COM1，COM2端口，COM3连接到公共端和驱动器的LCD和SG0，的SG1，SG2的，SG3连接到驱动器输出的每个部分分别输出。此外，一个20k的电阻可调之间放置VDD和VLCD来调整液晶显示对比度。实验表明，VDD=5V比VLCD=4V的更好。C串行存储器串行存储器采用了XICOR公司的低功耗芯片X25045。它有三个功能看门狗定时器,电压监控和串行存储器E2PROM的有512个字节。看门狗定时器可以设置的200ms，600ms和1400ms的时间间隔。该软件程序被读入X25045。在正常运行的程序，看门狗定时器收到的时间间隔，以确保程序的正常运行触发信号。如果看门狗定时器在时间间隔没有收到触发信号，X25045将输出高级复位线。触发电度表复位，以防止程序飞走。由于串行存储器芯片，512X25045的字节用于存储的电能表的代码，时间多速率时期，电力顶点，平滑用电，低谷电，上月和本月总电力。存储可以分为两个相同的地方。一个是作为数据存储。另一种是用于备份。对存储的数目可以修改10万次。数据可存储100年。它是采用SPI总线连接AT89LV52。连接如图3所示。图3。电度表的数字电路部分D时钟电路时钟电路是由S3530A芯片完成。这是一个低功耗时钟芯片，支持I2C总线。它通过CUP发送给RS485的数据来设置时钟和日历。同时，它继续走自己的振荡时间。32.768kHz的晶体振荡器是把XIN和S3530A的XOUT连接锁定的CPU。SDA的脚和SCL脚分别连接到AT89LV52的P1.6和P1.7。有两个中C13断的脚可作为第二分钟输出或输出同步脉冲在一秒的时间内供应中断信号给AT89LV52。单片机系统将读出通过I2C通信接口当前时间根据这一信号，并计算出这一段时间的电能，从而实现在不同时期的电能测量5。该时钟电路用锂电池。该电源VCC在正常供电线路是3.6V的锂电池电气化供电。当有电源关闭时，系统会自动转换成锂电池供电的时钟电路。时钟仍在运行准确，即使关闭了电源。ERS485通讯MAX485芯片可实现RS485多费率电能表通信控制。MAX485芯片有RS485通讯协议。它可以在128hypogenous电脑传输。它的传输距离大于1公里，其传输速率可达每秒250kb。该电度表连接通过RS485总线单元控制器。每个单元有一个单元控制器可以管理128多费率电能表。该单元控制器连接到电脑的电源管理。每个电度表只有一个8位16进制数米。电工应写入用户的信息和米数，然后导入到初次安装电源管理的计算机，以便完成广告的用户和管理计算机的连接。管理计算机发送广播通信地址信息并设定一段时间，没有地址信息就没有时钟信息。电脑通过调用地址的方式更新资料。F缺相检测和继电器控制它可以实现继电器控制7AT89LV52的P27。P27可以控制继电器使用4N25光电隔离器，以完成电源和功率控制。缺相检测得到的信号是75K的电阻连接到1引脚的光电隔离器输出的，分别通过二极管半波整流和滤波电容。我们发现了通过4引脚的隔离，以确定是否存在着缺相。如果有缺相，我们再次发现2秒后超时。我们打破立即关闭电源，如果有缺乏权力后，两次确认。在电源保护电路，它使用AT89LV52INT1中断脚检测信号。当有一个突然断电，INT1的跳跃进入低电压和INT1中断进入到电源保护方案，对储能电容器依靠保存数据。在该系统中，AD7752的输出脉冲，继电器控制端口和缺相检测的投入都用光电隔离器4N25。它发出的光耦合，可提高抗干扰能力电信号。四.软件设计A资源的分配该软件设计包括主程序，X25045的读写程序，RS485串行通信程序，中断服务程序，定时器处理程序，对HT1621显示控制方案，在不同时间和不同功率的电能测量了保护方案，系统自检与反干扰的处理方案。中断系统资源的分布如下：INT0中断的是AD7752脉冲测量，为检测同步，计时器T0的INT1的使用时间为100毫秒，T1的为1ms的时间，并作为串行通信程序T2的波特率发生器。RS485的异步通信设置为接收和发送中断检查信息。B模块设计主要程序流程图如图4所示。该电度表应能在每个功率初始化时间。该计划包括设置初始化工作模式定时器，串行气孔和AT89LV52中断，写入X25045的，S3530A和和对HT1621控制字。该系统设置三个时间段。该单片机每秒从S3530A读取时钟值，然后分析这些时钟属于哪个时期，根据预先设定的时间在X25045的时间然后保存在RAM存储器，电能按照相应的时间期限。我们把它写C14入X25045的通讯地址，当电能达到1度时。16位液晶显示屏显示的时间，并反过来显示电能信息。图4。主程序流程图五.测试结果测量误差和运行测试已在淄博亿电子有限公司取得。epigenous计算机完成时间的管理和设置。这里有三种费率的时间段。第一阶段的时间是低峰期从00点00分钟到06点30分钟。时间的第二个时期是用电高峰期从