外文翻译-关于ISIS的有关介绍

英文原文INTRODUCTIONABOUTISISManyCADusersdismissschematiccaptureasanecessaryevilintheprocessofcreatingPCBlayoutbutwehavealwaysdisputedthispointofview.WithPCBlayoutnowofferingautomationofbothcomponentplacementandtrackrouting,gettingthedesignintothecomputercanoftenbethemosttimeconsumingelementoftheexercise.Andifyouusecircuitsimulationtodevelopyourideas,youaregoingtospendevenmoretimeworkingontheschematic.ISIShasbeencreatedwiththisinmind.Ithasevolvedovertwelveyearsresearchanddevelopmentandhasbeenprovenbythousandsofusersworldwide.Thestrengthofitsarchitecturehasallowedustointegratefirstconventionalgraphbasedsimulationandnow-withPROTEUSVSM-interactivecircuitsimulationintothedesignenvironment.Forthefirsttimeeveritispossibletodrawacompletecircuitforamicro-controllerbasedsystemandthentestitinteractively,allfromwithinthesamepieceofsoftware.Meanwhile,ISISretainsahostoffeaturesaimedatthePCBdesigner,sothatthesamedesigncanbeexportedforproductionwithARESorotherPCBlayoutsoftware.Fortheeducationaluserandengineeringauthor,ISISalsoexcelsatproducingattractiveschematicslikeyouseeinthemagazines.Itprovidestotalcontrolofdrawingappearanceintermsoflinewidths,fillstyles,coloursandfonts.Inaddition,asystemoftemplatesallowsyoutodefineaousestyle?andtocopytheappearanceofonedrawingtoanother.Othergeneralfeaturesinclude:?RunsonWindows98/Me/2k/XPandlater.?Automaticwireroutinganddotplacement/removal.?Powerfultoolsforselectingobjectsandassigningtheirproperties.?Totalsupportforbusesincludingcomponentpins,inter-sheetterminals,moduleportsandwires.?BillofMaterialsandElectricalRulesCheckreports.?NetlistoutputstosuitallpopularPCBlayouttools.ForthePoweruserISISincorporatesanumberoffeatureswhichaidinthemanagementoflargedesigns.Indeed,anumberofourcustomershaveusedittoproducedesignscontainingmanythousandsofcomponents.?Hierarchicaldesignwithsupportforparameterizedcomponentvaluesonsub-circuits.?DesignGlobalAnnotationallowingmultipleinstancesofasub-circuittohavedifferentcomponentreferences.?AutomaticAnnotation-theabilitytonumberthecomponentsautomatically.?ASCIIDataImport-.thisfacilityprovidesthemeanstoautomaticallybringcomponentstockcodesandcostsintoISISdesignorlibraryfileswheretheycanthenbeincorporatedoreventotaledupintheBillofMaterialsreport.UsersofARES,orindeedotherPCBsoftwarewillfindsomeofthefollowingPCBdesignspecificfeaturesofinterest:?SheetGlobalNetPropertieswhichallowyoutoefficientlydefinearoutingstrategyforallthenetsonagivensheet(e.g.apowersupplyneedingPOWERwidthtracks).?Physicalterminalswhichprovidethemeanstohavethepinsonaconnectorscatteredalloveradesign.?Supportforheterogeneousmulti-elementdevices.Forexample,arelaydevicecanhavethreeelementscalledRELAY:A,RELAY:BandRELAY:C.RELAY:AisthecoilwhilstelementsBandCareseparatecontacts.Eachelementcanbeplacedindividuallywhereveronthedesignismostconvenient.?Supportforpin-swapandgate-swap.ThisincludesboththeabilitytospecifylegalswapsintheISISlibrarypartsandtheabilitytoback-annotatechangesintoaschematic.AvisualpackagingtoolwhichshowsthePCBfootprintanditspinnumbersalongsidethelistofpinnamesfortheschematicpart.Thisfacilitateseasyanderrorfreeassignmentofpinnumberstopinnames.Inadditional,multiplepackagingsmaybecreatedforasingleschematicpart.AfullchapterisprovidedonhowtouseISISandAREStogether.ISISprovidesthedevelopmentenvironmentforPROTEUSVSM,ourrevolutionaryinteractivesystemlevelsimulator.Thisproductcombinesmixedmodecircuitsimulation,micro-processormodelsandinteractivecomponentmodelstoallowthesimulationofcompletemicro-controllerbaseddesigns.ISISprovidesthemeanstoenterthedesigninthefirstplace,thearchitectureforrealtimeinteractivesimulationandasystemformanagingthesourceandobjectcodeassociatedwitheachproject.Inaddition,anumberofgraphobjectscanbeplacedontheschematictoenableconventionaltime,frequencyandsweptvariablesimulationtobeperformed.MajorfeaturesofPROTEUSVSMinclude:?TrueMixedModesimulationbasedonBerkeleySPICE3F5withextensionsfordigitalsimulationandtruemixedmodeoperation.?Supportforbothinteractiveandgraphbasedsimulation.?CPUModelsavailableforpopularmicrocontrollerssuchasthePICand8051series.?InteractiveperipheralmodelsincludeLEDandLCDdisplays,auniversalmatrixkeypad,anRS232terminalandawholelibraryofswitches,pots,lamps,LEDsetc.?VirtualInstrumentsincludevoltmeters,ammeters,adualbeamoscilloscopeanda24channellogicanalyser.?On-screengraphing-thegraphsareplaceddirectlyontheschematicjustlikeanyotherobject.Graphscanbemaximisedtoafullscreenmodeforcursorbasedmeasurementandsoforth.?GraphBasedAnalysistypesincludetransient,frequency,noise,distortion,ACandDCsweepsandfouriertransform.AnAudiographallowsplaybackofsimulatedwaveforms.?DirectsupportforanaloguecomponentmodelsinSPICEformat.?Openarchitecturefor憄lugin?componentmodelscodedinC+orotherlanguages.Thesecanbeelectrical.,graphicaloracombinationofthetwo.?DigitalsimulatorincludesaBASIC-likeprogramminglanguageformodellingandtestvectorgeneration.?AdesigncreatedforsimulationcanalsobeusedtogenerateanetlistforcreatingaPCB-thereisnoneedtoenterthedesignasecondtime.FulldetailsofallthesefeaturesandmuchmoreareprovidedinthePROTEUSVSMmanual.ISISisfullynetworkcompatible,andoffersthefollowingfeaturestohelpNetworkManagers:?LibraryfilescanbesettoReadOnly.Thispreventsusersfrommessingwithsymbolsordevicesthatmaybeusedbyothers.?ISISindividualuserconfigurationinthewindowsregistry.Sincetheregistrydeterminesthelocationoflibraryfiles,itfollowsthatuserscanhaveindividualUSERDVC.LIBfilesintheirpersonalorgroupdirectories.Whereasthemanualcontainsbackgroundinformationandtutorials,thehelpprovidescontextsensitiveinformationrelatedtospecificicons,commandsanddialogforms.HelponmostobjectsintheuserinterfacecanbeobtainedbypointingwiththemouseandpressingF1.ISISisavastandtremendouslypowerfulpieceofsoftwareanditisunreasonabletoexpecttomasterallofitatonce.However,thebasicsofhowtoenterastraightforwardcircuitdiagramandcreateyourowncomponentsareextremelysimpleandthetechniquesrequiredforthesetaskscanbemasteredmostquicklybyfollowingtheTutorial.Westronglyrecommendthatyouworkthroughthisasitwillsaveyoutimeinthelongrun.Withsomeofthemoreadvancedaspectsofthepackage,youareprobablygoingtofindsomeoftheconceptsarenew,letalonethedetailsofhowISIShandlesthem.Eachareaofthesoftwarehasbeengivenachapterofitsown,andwegenerallystartbyexplainingthebackgroundtheorybeforegoingintotheoperationanduseoftherelevantfeatures.Youwillthusfinditwellworthwhilereadingtheintroductorysectionsratherthanjumpingstraighttothehow-tobits.TUTORIALINTRODUCTIONTheaimofthistutorialistotakeyouthroughtheprocessofenteringacircuitofmodestcomplexityinordertofamiliariseyouwiththetechniquesrequiredtodriveISIS.Thetutorialstartswiththeeasiesttopicssuchasplacingandwiringupcomponents,andthenmovesontomakeuseofthemoresophisticatededitingfacilities,suchascreatingnewlibraryparts.Forthosewhowanttoseesomethingquickly,ISISTUT.DSNcontainsthecompletedtutorialcircuit.ThisandothersampledesignsareinstalledtotheSAMPLESdirectory.Notethatthroughoutthistutorial(andthedocumentationasawhole)referenceismadetokeyboardshortcutsasamethodofexecutingspecificcommands.Theshortcutsspecifiedarethedefaultorsystemkeyboardacceleratorsasprovidedwhenthesoftwareisshippedtoyou.Pleasebeawarethatifyouhaveconfiguredyourownkeyboardacceleratorstheshortcutsmentionedmaynotbevalid.InformationonconfiguringyourownkeyboardshortcutscanbefoundhereAGUIDEDTOUROFTHEISISEDITORWeshallassumeatthispointthatyouhaveinstalledthepackage,andthatthecurrentdirectoryissomeconvenientworkareaonyourharddisk.TostarttheISISprogram,clickontheStartbuttonandselectPrograms,Proteus6Professional,andthentheISIS6Professionaloption.TheISISschematiceditorwillthenloadandrun.AlongthetopofthescreenistheMenuBar.IfyouhaveaDemonstrationcopyofthesoftwareyoucanstarttheISISapplicationviatheProteus6DemonstrationtabfromtheStartMenu.ThelargestareaofthescreeniscalledtheEditingWindow,anditactsasawindowonthedrawing-thisiswhereyouwillplaceandwire-upcomponents.ThesmallerareaatthetoprightofthescreeniscalledtheOverviewWindow.InnormalusetheOverviewWindowdisplays,asitsnamesuggests,anoverviewoftheentiredrawing-theblueboxshowstheedgeofthecurrentsheetandthegreenboxtheareaofthesheetcurrentlydisplayedintheEditingWindow.However,whenanewobjectisselectedfromtheObjectSelectortheOverviewWindowisusedtopreviewtheselectedobject-thisisdiscussedlater.YoucanadjusttheareaofthedrawingdisplayedintheEditingWindowinanumberofways:TosimplypantheEditingWindowup,down,leftorright,positionthemousepointeroverthedesiredpartoftheEditingWindowandpresstheF5key.HoldtheSHIFTkeydownandbumpthemouseagainsttheedgesoftheEditingWindowtopanup,down,leftorright.WecallthisShiftPan.ShouldyouwanttomovetheEditingWindowtoacompletelydifferentpartofthedrawing,thequickestmethodistosimplypointatthecentreofthenewareaontheOverviewWindowandclickleft.YoucanalsousethePanicononthetoolbar.ToadjustthescalethedrawingisdisplayedatintheEditingWindowyoucan:PointwiththemousewhereyouwanttozoominoroutandpresstheF6orF7keysrespectively.PresstheF8keytodisplaythewholedrawing.HoldtheSHIFTkeydownanddragoutaboxaroundtheareayouwanttozoominto.WecallthisShiftZoom.UsetheZoomIn,ZoomOut,ZoomAllorZoomAreaiconsonthetoolbar.AgridofdotscanbedisplayedintheEditingWindowusingtheGridcommandontheViewmenu,orbypressingG,orbyclickingtheGridicononthetoolbar.Thegridhelpsinliningupcomponentsandwiresandislessintimidatingthanablankscreen.Ifyoufindithardtoseethegriddots,eitheradjustthecontrastonyourmonitorslightly(bydefaultthegriddotsaredisplayedinlightgrey)orchangetheircolourwiththeSetDesignDefaultsontheTemplatemenu.BelowtheOverviewWindowistheObjectSelectorwhichyouusetoselectdevices,symbolsandotherlibraryobjects.Atthebottomrightofthescreenistheco-ordinatedisplay,whichreadsouttheco-ordinatesofthemousepointerwhenappropriate.Theseco-ordinatesarein1thouunitsandtheoriginisinthecentreofthedrawing.BASICSCHEMATICENTRYThecircuitwearegoingtodrawisshownbelow.Itmaylookquitealottodo,butsomepartsofitaresimilar(thefourop-ampfilterstobeprecise)whichwillprovideopportunitytousetheblockcopyingfacilities.TheTutorialCircuitThefirstthingweneedtodoistogetthepartsfromthelibrariesthatweneedinourschematic.Thisprocessisdetailedbelow:PickingComponentsintotheSchematicStartbyclickingonthePbuttonatthetopleftoftheObjectSelectorasshownbelow.ThiscausestheDeviceLibraryBrowserdialogueformtoappear.TheBrowseLibrariesbuttonYoucanalsolaunchthisdialogueviathebrowselibraryiconorviathekeyboardshortcutforthiscommand(bydefaultthisisthePkeyalthoughitcanberemappedviatheSystemMenuundertheSetKeyboardMappingcommand)AlltheiconsinISISareshownontheIconReferenceChartatthefrontofthemanual.Alternatively,hoveringthemouseoveraniconwilldisplayatooltipexplainingitspurpose.Thenextstageistofindthedesiredcomponentsinthelibraries.Youcansearchthelibraryforcomponentsinanumberofways.Inthecaseofpartswhereyouknowthepartnameit抯usuallybesttostartthesearchwiththat.Tryentering?41?intotheKeywordsfield.Therearealotofpartswith?741?intheirnameordescription,butyoucanrefinetheresultstoamorereasonablesetbyselectingtheperationalAmplifiers?category,asshownbelow:TheBrowseLibrariesdialogueformYoucancustomizetheinformationdisplayedintheLibraryBrowser抯resultslistbyrightclickingthemouseontheresultslist.ThecontextmenuprovidesyouwithoptionstodisplayCategories,Sub-Categories,ManufacturerandLibraryalongsideeachresult.Finally,doubleclickonthelineintheresultslisttopickthe?41?partintothedesign.ThepartwillthenappearintheObjectSelectorasshownbelow:TheObjectSelectorcontaininga741op-ampHavingsuccessfullyselectedthe?41?partwealsoneedsomeresistors.Specifically,wewillwant1k,10k,12k,15k,56k,68kand100kresistors.ThiswillgiveusachancetofamiliariseourselveswiththevarioussearchmechanismsavailableviatheBrowseLibrariesdialogueform.Onehighlyusefultechniqueistosearchforapartviarelevantkeywords.ThinkofthislikeenteringkeywordsintheGoogle?internetsearchengine?youtypeinaseriesofrelevantkeywordsandyougetalistofmatchingresults.Trythisnowbychangingthekeywordtexttobe?2kresistor?Youshouldseealistofresultsthatallcontaintheincludedsearchterms.ForourpurposestheINRES12K?componentwillsuffice-selectthisintothelibraryinthesamewayasbefore.Wecouldofcourserepeatthisprocessfortheremainingresistorsbutinsteadwe抣lcoversomeoftheothersearchtechniquesavailable.It抯areasonableassumptionthatalogicalnamingconventionwillbeappliedacrossthelibraries.IfwechangethekeywordtexttobeINRES1?thereforewewillfiltertheresultsetsuchthatyoucannowpickthe1k,10k,15kand100kresistorsfromtheresultslist.Another,moregenericmethodoffindinglibrarypartsistosearchthroughtheindexingsystem.Thisisparticularlyusefulifyouarebrowsingforapartandyouareunsureofthepartnameorasuitabledescriptionforthepart.Trythisnowbydeletingthetextinthekeywordsfieldandselectingthe?Resistors?Category.ScrollingdowntheresultslistyoushouldbeabletoseetheMINRESresistors.Selectthe56kand68kresistorsontothedesigninthenormalwayandclosethedialogueform.Itisworthnotingthatyoucanusethesetechniquesintandem.Forexample,youcouldhaveentered?k?intothedescriptionfieldandthenselectedtheResistorscategorytofiltertheresultdowntoallresistorscontaining1kintheirdescriptions.Whiletheaboveexplanationmayseemsomewhatinvolvedyouwillquicklyfindthemostsuitablesearchmechanismforyouandselectingpartswillbecomesecondnature.Nowthatwehaveourbasicschematicbuildingblocks,wecanmoveonandactuallyplacethemonthedesign.PlacingComponentsontotheSchematicHavingselectedthepartsweneedthenextthingistoactuallyplacethemonthedrawingarea?theEditingWindow.Theeasiestplacetostartisbydoingthebuffercircuitshownatthetopleftofthetutorialcircuit.Thisisreproducedinmoredetailbelow:中文翻译关于ISIS的有关介绍许多CAD用户在创建PCB布局的过程中会将图形捕捉当做一个必要的罪恶进行解散，但是我们一直以来都对这个观点进行着讨论。随着当今PCB布局可以提供自动化的原件组成与追踪路由，将设计导入电脑现已成为最具有时间考究因素的一个练习，并且如果你使用电路仿真来发展你的想法，你将会花费甚至更多的时间在图形上。ISIS随之在头脑中被创造出来。在过去的12年的研究与探寻中，ISIS被逐步的进化并且被全球数以千计的用户所证明。其结构样式的优势已经使我们可以基于图形的仿真和现在的变形的特点，即交互式电路仿真设计环境先进行整合传统的图像。这是有史以来第一次从内部所有相同的软件，基于微控制器的系统互交绘画出一个完整的电路。同时，ISIS针对PCB的设计者保留了一系列的功能，进而这样相同的设计可以导出伴随着ARES或其他PCB布局软件的产品。对于教育型用户和工程方面的作家，ISIS还可以生产出像你在杂志上才能看到的极具吸引力的示意图。它可以提供全方位控制的图纸中所出现的线宽、填充样式、颜色和字体，另外，一个，模板系统允许你可以去定义一个具有娱乐性的风格和从一个图形的表现形式复制到另一个图形。其他的特点还包括：在Windows98/Me/2K/XP及更高系统中运行。自动的布线和点的布置与移除。强大的选择对象和分配属性的工具。公交车的所有支持，包括组件别针，inter-sheet终端，模块端口和链接。材料清单和电气规则检查的报告。网表的输出以适合所有流行的PCB布局工具。对于电力用户，ISIS包含了大量的特点，这些特点可以帮助大型的管理设计。事实上，我们的很多用户用它已经生产出来了包含成千上万组件的设计。分层设计在子电路指那个伴随着支持参数化组件值的设计。设计全球释文允许子电路的多个情况有不同的组件引用。自动化的注解-自动对组件进行编号的能力。ASCII数据的导入-此设备提供关于自动带组件存货编号和导入ISIS的成本或者他们可以用于以后合并的数据库文件甚至是材料清单的报告的方法。ARES的用户，或者其他的PCB软件会发现以下一些PCB设计的特点：全球网络属性表允许你为所有已给表的网上定义一个路由策略（比如：电力供应需要电力轨道宽度）可以提供在整个设计中有针连接器分散的方法的物理终端。致辞异构多元化的设备，比如，有三个元素继电器A,B,C的中继设备，A是线圈元素，B和C是分开的联系。每一个蒜素可以在任何设计最方便的地方进行单独地安置。支持接脚交换和门交换，它包含了在ISIS数据库部分的指定合理的交换能力和在示意图中倒回注释变化的能力。一个可以显示PCB的印记和密码的视觉包装工具，有助于分配简单和密码数字和名字。另外，多个包装可能可以为一个单个的图形部分而被创造。一个完整的章节被用来提供如何同时使用ISIS和ARES。ISIS为变形特点，我们的互动系统登记仿真器提供开发环境，此产品中和了混合模式的电路模拟，微处理的仿真模型和交互式组建模型以允许完整的基本微控制器的设计。ISIS会首先提供进入设计的方法，整个实时的仿真交互体系结构和系统架构的各项目相关的源代码和目标代码。另外，一些图形对象可以被放置在原题图上以便在传统的时间，频率和不同的刷扫模拟上执行。PROTEUSVSM的主要功能包括：基于BerkeleySPICE3F5与扩展数字仿真和真实的混合模式下，运行真正的混合模式仿真。同时支持基于交互式图形的仿真。适用与普及的微控制器，如PIC和8051系列的CPU型号。交互外设模型包括LED和LCD显示器，通用矩阵键盘，RS232终端和一系列的交换器，盆，等，LED等。虚拟仪器包括电压表，电流表，双束示波器和24通道逻辑分析仪。屏幕上的图形-图形就像其他物体一样直接放置在原理图上。图表可以为基础的光标测量最大化到全屏模式。基于图形的分析类型包括瞬态，频率，噪声，失真，交流和直流扫描扫描和傅里叶变换，音频曲线图可以播放的模拟波形。在SPICE格式中的模拟组建模型的直接支持。开放式体系结构中组建模型用C+或者其他语言。这些都是电子化或图形化的或者是二者的结合。数字仿真器包括一个类似BASIC的编程语言，用于建模和测试向量生成。为模拟创建的设计也可以用于为创建一个PCB而生成的网络表-不需要第二次进入设计。更多在PROTEUSVSM手册中提供的完整详细信息：ISIS作为一个完整的落网洁容，可以提供以为功能来协助网络管理员：库文件可以被设置为制度，这样可以防止用户或者其他可能人员通过使用符号或者设备捣乱。在Windows注册表中的ISIS个人用户的配置，由于注册表所决定的库文件的位置使其遵循用户可以在他们的个人或者团体目录中有个别USERDVC.LIB文件。然而，该手册包含背景信息和相关教程，此举可以帮助提供与一些特别图标，命令和对话框形式相关的信息，同时也可以帮助在用户界面上通过指向与鼠标和按F1键来获得大多数对象。ISIS是一个规模巨大，性能强大的软件所以一次性就掌握它是相对不易的。但是，如何输入一个简单的电路图和创建一个自己的组件所要求的基础是相当容易的，需要完成这些任务的技术也是可以通过接下来的教程的学习儿快速轻松掌握的。我们强烈的建议您进行这样学习正如它将可以节省一个长期运行的时间。伴随着一些更加高级的包装方面，你可能会发现有一些概念其实是全新的更何况是在由ISIS处理的情况下。软件的每个区域已经给出了自己的部分，而我们一般情况下在进入相关功能的操作和使用前可以通过解释理论背景才能开始。因此，你会发现它是一个很值得阅读的介绍区域，而并非要直接跳跃到如何将其对位的阶段。教程引言本教程的目的是带您进入一个通过适度复杂的电路以帮助您熟悉驱动ISIS所需技术的过程。本教程以最简单的标题开始，比如放置和接线组件，接着进入使用稍微复杂的编辑功能，比如创建新的库零件。对于那些想到快速看到一些东西的用户，ISISTUT.DSN会包含已完成的教程点苦。它和其他的样本设计都会被安装到样品目录。注意：本教程（文档作为一个整体）提到了键盘快捷键作为执行特定命令的方法。在软件出厂时，指定的快捷方式会被默认为一个默认值或者是一个系统键盘的快捷键。请注意，如果您已经配置了您自己的键盘加速器，所提到的快捷键可能会无效。关于配置自己的键盘快捷的相关信息可以再ISIS编辑器指南中找到。我们来假设在你已经安装了软件包并且当前目录为一些在硬盘里方便的工作区。要启动ISIS程序，首先要点击开始按钮，接着选择程序，Proteus6专业版，然后ISIS6专业版的选项。随后ISIS的元题图编辑器便开始加载和运行，在屏幕上方的是菜单栏，如多你有该软件的演示副本，你可以通过在开始菜单中的Proteus6专业版示范片启动ISIS应用程序。屏幕中最大的区域被称之为编辑窗口，它作为图纸上的上窗口可以放置和连接电路元件。在屏幕右上方的小区域被称之为总览窗口。正常情况下，使用概述窗口现实，正如他的名字所暗示的，整个图形的概述-蓝色框显示当前工作表，绿色框，在编辑窗口中显示的面积。然后，当一个来自于对象选择的新的对象可以用来预览选中的对象-这将在稍后讨论。你可以通过多种方式调整在编辑窗口中显示的图形面积：将鼠标指针移到编辑窗口所需的部分通过向上，向下，向左或向右简单的平整编辑窗口