外文翻译原文-数字音频技术

1一.DigitizederaDigitizederaproducestheenormouschangetothemankindsdevelopment,theflourishingdevelopmentofourpersonalexperiencedigitaltechnology.Seeitwiththesurprisingspeed,permeatethrougheveryaspectofthesocietyandlifeDigitizedtechnologyalreadyoverallenteringintotheradio,filmandtelevisionfield,isbringingthesubstantivechangetoourtrade.Holdthedevelopmenttendencyofthetechnologyofthedigitalaudiofrequencyclearly,Toadvancingthedigitizedprocessoftheradio,filmandtelevisionfieldtohaveextremelyimportantmeaningscorrectly.(一).RelationandcomplementaritybetweensimulationanddigitalaudiofrequencytechnologyHoldthedirectionofthetechnicaldevelopmentofthedigitalaudiofrequency.Wemustbetohavingaunderstandingofsciencebetweendigitalaudiofrequencyandsimulationaudiofrequencytechnology,knowsuchaconcept.Digitizationisakindofmeans,butwecannotleaveinthisworldofsimulationallthetime,sowewanttoknowtheadvantageandweaknessofsimulationanddigitalaudiofrequencytechnology.Toqualityofaudiofrequency,notdigitalaudiofrequencythroughmodulus/countaftermouldchange,itisthebettertobeclosetothesimulationtonequality.However,dealwiththeeditoroftheaudiofrequency,synthetic,resultindigitizedtechnology,store,transmittingandnetworking,andinsuchaspectsasprice,therearegreatadvantages.Todaywhenthetechnologyofthesemiconductorisdevelopedatahighspeed,Inthefieldofspecializedaudiofrequency,inordertogetthewarmsimulationtonequality,stillneedtoadoptthedeviceoftheelectrontube,forexampleElectrontubemicrophone,electrontubepre-amplifierandcompressingdevice,andpoweramplifier.Toadvancingthedigitizedprocessoftheradio,filmandtelevisionfieldtohaveextremelyimportantmeaningscorrectly.Useinordertocooperatewithdigitizedaudiofrequencysystem,muchnewestaudiofrequencyprofessionalelectrontubeproductshavedigitalinterface.So,theaudiofrequencytechnologyofdigitizedera,doesnotabandonthemouldparameter,buttheorganiccombinationofthetwo,Pursuethetonequalityofsimulationwithdigitizedtechnology,remedytheweaknessofthetraditionalaudiofrequencyequipmentwiththedigitizedmeans.Generallyacknowledgingthebestorganstopofthetonequalityintheworldatpresent,suchasAMEK9098andSSL9000Jseries,isthesimulationnumericalcontrolplatform,namelytheanalogsignalflows,thecontrolsystemofdigitization,Havingalsodisposedmodulusesandchangedtheinterfaceinaddition,thisistheinstancethatsimulationaudiofrequencytechnologycombineswithdigitaltechnology.Thetechnologyofthecomputerhasalreadybroughtpeopleintoonefictitiousworld.Theaudiofrequencyfieldisnoexception,thedevelopmentoftheworkstationofaudiofrequencyhasbeenalreadyriperandriper,peoplehavealreadycalleditthefictitiousrecordingcanopy.Inthemanufacturingsystemoffictitiousaudiofrequency,includingrecorder,organstop,peripheralsignalgenerator,non-lineareditoranddatabase,etc.Suchfictitioussystemnotonlyhasadvantageoftheprice,butalsomultiplefunctional,accordwithdigitization,thedemandfornetworkeddevelopment,thequalityofitsaudiofrequencycancontendwithsomeadvancedtraditionalaudiofrequencyequipment.Recentyears,Themanufacturingsystemoffictitiousaudiofrequencyaccusesofoperatingoutsideoftheinterface,dStillcombinewith2thetraditionalorganstoporganically.eveloptotheoperationconceptofthetraditionalequipmentprogressively.ExcepttherearetheworkstationofaudiofrequencieshaveProControls.AccuseoftheoperationsareaoutsideSonyCompanycombineorganstopandDMX-100fictitiousaudiofrequencyPyramixmanufacturingsystemalready.TheorganstoponecanthroughMADImodulusinaudiofrequencypasswaynotdigitalin48No./countmouldconverterandjoined.Canrealizetheoutsideandautomizecontrolthrough24electronicmotorclippers.Allabove-mentionedcansee,thedevelopmentofthedigitaleraaudiofrequency,speakingfromthetonequality,thepursuitofthefigureandsimulationisunanimous,Fromdigitaltechnologyshouldisitwatchtousedforinginthefieldofaudiofrequency,itrelyonthetraditionalsimulationequipmentanddevelopforwardstill.(二).StateofdevelopmentofdigitalaudiofrequencyformPCMandDSDPCMpulseyarddevelopedattheendoftheseventies,wrotedownCD,oneofthemediastomodulatedformofdigitalaudiofrequency,ThebeginningoftheeightieswasputouttogetherbyPhilipandSonyCompany.TheformoftheaudiofrequencyofPCMisadoptedbyDVD-Atoo,itsupportsstereolyand5.1surroundsound,discussedandreleaseandputoutbyDVDin1999.OnebitofratesofPCM,growfrom14-bitto16-bit,18-bit,20-bituntil24-bit;Samplingfrequencygrowsfrom44.1kHzto192kHz.UptillnowtherespectthatthistechnologyofPCMcanbeimprovedhascomesmallmoreandmore.JustitissimpleincreasePCMbitsofrateandsamplingrate,cantbasicimprovementissuenotbasicofit.ItsreasonisthatasubjectmatterofPCMliesin:1.AnyPCMdigitalaudiofrequencysystemneedstosetupthewavefiltergoingupanddownsharplyinitsinputend,onlylet20Hz-thefrequencyof22.05kHzbepassed(Advanced22.05kHzisfixedbecauseofhalffrequencyofCD44.1kHz)Thisisaverydifficulttask.2.Adoptthemultistagedigitalwavefiltercontactingandselectingwhilerecording,adoptthemultistagedigitalwavefilterinsertedinsidewhilereplaying,Itisdistortedinordertocontrolthesmallsignalwhileencoding,thetwoneedjoiningandrepeatingthequantitativenoise.LimitthefidelitywhentheaudiofrequencyisreducedofPCMtechnologylikethis.InordertoimprovePCMdigitalaudiofrequencytechnologyinanall-roundway,obtainbettersoundquality,justneednewtechnologytoreplace.ThePhilipcompanyandSonycompanyuniteagaininrecentyears,theformoftechnologicalDSDofdigitalcodingflowsdirectlytointroduceoneandcalltogether,ItwritesdownthemediaasthesuperaudiofrequencyCD,supportstereolyand5.1surroundsound.DSDaudiofrequencyformhassimplifiedthesignalprocedure,hasremovedthemultistagewavefilterthatPCMused,Willimitatetheaudiofrequencywiththehighsamplingfrequencyof2.8224MHzdirectly,therecordcomesaccordingto1-thedigitalpulseofbit.ThoughthechimethatDSDformshowsisthedigitizeddata,itisveryclosewiththerealsoundwave,veryintactnowadaysinformationofthebestsimulationsystemofrecord.Best30ipshalfsimulationfrequencythatrecordercanwritedowncanexceed50KHz,andfrequency,DSDofformrespondtheindexasfromDCto100KHz.Cancoverthedynamicrangeoftheorganstopofadvanced3simulation,passitspowerofsurplusnoiseofthefrequencybandfrequentlyofsound,keepbeinghere-120dB.ThefrequencyofDSDrespondsandthedynamicrange,isthattherecordingsystemsofanyfigureandsimulationareunablewithitsanalogy.Sayfromqualityofthesound,thetechnologyofthedigitalaudiofrequencyisforthequalityclosetothesimulationsound.ThedevelopmentofDSDaudiofrequencyformwillbemorefavorabletocooperatewithsimulationaudiofrequencysystem.(三).WhyDSDaudiofrequencyformisthebestdigitalaudiofrequencyform1.2001AES110yearwillreportpointoutDSDthatbestaudiofrequencyformchoose.2.Roundtheworld,EMIandVirginhavejoinedSACD/DSDofSonyandPhilipnewly,besidesWarner,nearlyallbigrecordcompaniessupporttheformofSACD/DSD.3.Thereisnorealdirect24/192kHzrecordingatpresent,onlychangedfrom24/48kHzrecording.RealDVD-Aispublishedverylittle,Thereisnotamarketofthiskindofformatpresent.Havealreadyexceededthepublicationofmorethan400editionsofSACDsinNorthAmerica,andcontinuedeveloping.4.PointoutaccordingtotheneweststatisticsofStereophile(inthetop-gradeaudiofrequencymagazineofNorthAmerica)thattherearereadersupto30%thatexpressthatwilljoinSACDattheendof2001,or31%ofthereaderswilljointhisranksatthebeginningnextyear.AndthepercentageofDVD-Ais12%.Whenaskingaboutwhichkindofformreaderssupport,itisSACDtoanswer.5.NearlyallmainDVD-AandSACDformisitinappraising,winbySACDtotest.ThisincludesStereophile,AbsoulteSound,SurroundSoundReview,feveredmagazineofWidescreenReviewaudiofrequencyandlikeBobLudwigone,professionalengineerhavingextraordinaryinfluenceonindustryoftherecording.6.Therewillbeseveraldevelopmenttendenciesinseveralmonthsinthefuture,therewillbeanewchipthatwillappearandcanbroadcastSACDandDVD-Aformatthesametime,ThiswillbeusedinnewDVDbroadcaster.Mainproblemwhethersuchmulti-functionalchipwantcompatiblemanyformqualitycanverygoodtoaudiofrequencythatdecode.7.Besidesimprovementofthetonequality,anotherkeymainpointofSACDhasperfectguardingagainstthefteditionprotectedmodes,TherewasawatermarkthatcanseeandnotcanseeatthesametimeonSACD,SACDbroadcaststheconfidentialwatermarkofreadingandworks.8.SACDhastwolayersofSACDandCD,broadcastsinCDinstillallrightautomobile,butDVD-Aisnotallright.9.Tostorethemediatothemusic,thecapacityof74minutesisveryimportant.4.74SACDofGBcanstoreDSD8passwayforlessthanoneminute(whether2passwaystereoandDSD6passwaysurroundsound).AdoptoneisitflowfigureisitcantharmtechnologyofPhilip,codeofwaytochangedirectlytoknownas.Thiskindcantharmmemoryspacethatthecodecansave50%.WhomDVD-AadoptknownasMLPcantharmthecodetechnologypacked(MeridianLosslessPacking)one.4.7DVD-AofGBcanstore20bitfor55minutes,surroundin192kHzPCM6passway.Thiskindcantharmmemoryspacethatthecodecansave35%-50%.(四)、RangeofapplicationofDSD1.ThearrayofpulseofDSDcanbemadeandtransferedtotraditionalPCMdigitalaudiofrequencydirectly.InPCMandissuethatDSDcoexist,adoptDSDtransporttechnologyofregardingas,canisitguaranteequality,audiofrequencyofsignaltotryonesbestatpresent.ShedDSDbitandtransferto16-bit/44.1kHzdigitalaudiofrequency,writesdownonordinaryCDdirectly,canmake16-digitalaudiofrequencyofbitcloseto20to24-precisionofbit,make16-CDkeepingtonequalityofDSDpossibleofbit.2.DSDchooses2.8224MHzhighsamplingfrequency,itsadvantageisthatbutallPCMsamplingfrequencyatpresentrotatesundermultiplicationanddivisionaccordingtotheintegerofhighaccuracy.WritedownandcannotonlycanguaranteethequalityoftheaudiofrequencymeetdifferentapplicationanddemandbutalsowithDSDform.Besidesusedinthemusicrecordinging,theaudiofrequencysuitableforthemovie&TVtooismade,cantransmitorwritedownonthemedia.Iftheprogramof5.1needstocarryonthecodeofAC-3orDTS.DSDaudiofrequencyformcooperateswithexistingaudiofrequencyequipment,andagreatsupporttothehighclearaudiofrequencyofdigitalfilmandhighcleardigitalTV.3.DSDisthattheidealprogrammaterialstorestheform,useforthesaveofthemothereditionorthefoundationofthedatabase.ThesamplingfrequencyofDSDis64timesnamely2,822,400HzofCD.ButDSDeachsampletakeup1bitonly,soeachpasswaypersecondbitsofrate1x2,822,400Hzor2,822,400bits.Infact,DSDtotaldataflowisonlygreaterthan4timesofordinaryCD,dataamountcanbeheldbythepresenttapeandharddisk.AndCDeachsampletakeup16bits,soeachpasswaypersecondbitsofrate16x44,100Hzor705,600bits.4.Thematerialshallsofstereoofvariouscountriesfaceacommonproblem,thetapehasstoragedateof30yearsonly,protectionthateachkindofcopyrighthas100years.Choosewhichkindofcanschemecomebyidealsavefirsthandinformation?Theschemethatthisproblemcannotbesolvedallthetime,andmaterialsarebeingaccumulatedthemore,materialswearingoutpartlyhavebeenalreadyunabletoresume.5.TherecordingofDSDismadeandmadewiththetraditionalrecording,notimportantdifferenceontheequipmentandtechnologying.NeedincreasemodulusofDSD/countmouldconverterandeditorofDSDrecordingworkstation,manytorecordthecanopyandalreadyadopttheorganstopofadvancedsimulationandextantsuccessfulrecordingwhich5hascarriedonDSDofPCMrecordingequipment.PhiliphasdevelopedtheconversionformofakindofP3DofDSDrecordingtechnology,thatcandescribe64DSDbitsinto3x24-bitAES-EBUcountsbytes,possiblefirst24rail/24-bit44.1kHzPCMrecorderchangesandbecomesaDSDrecorderofNo.8.6.PyramixfictitiousaudiofrequencymanufacturingsystemSACDandDVD-A,allinpopularizing,PCMandDSDtwokindsofdigitalaudiofrequencyformstakeasectionofperiodaltogethersatpresent.wemustconsiderthecompatibilityandconversionofPCM/DSD,SoPyramixfictitiousaudiofrequencymanufacturingsystemhasverybigadvantages,itonlyhasaperfectsystematpresent,CanfinishDVD-A(24/192kHz)andSACD/DSDatthesametime(1bit/2.Audiofrequencymanufacturingsystemthat8Mhz).Above-mentionedarticleshavealreadymentionedSonyCompanyhasalreadycombinedDMX-100organstopwithPyramixfictitiousaudiofrequencymanufacturingsystem,Inaddition,havedesignedtomasterEdMeitneranddisposedbestNo.8modulusofourtimes/countedthemouldconverterforPyramixinthefigureoftheworldandsimulationaudiofrequency,supportDSDandPCMtwokindsofforms.HavealreadybeenlistedformallybyPyramix4thewholeChineseeditionwhichtheprofessionalmediaCompanyofCanadaandSwiss.ThereisPyramixcomprehensiveadvantageasforthefunction:CompatiblePCMandDSDtwokindsofdigitalaudiofrequencyforms;onthebasisofhighlysteadyWin2000professionalworkbench,verysinglesystemisusedindependently,accordwithmutisystemnetworkedconstructiontoo;ItsDSDcodeformisfavorabletocooperatewithaudiofrequencysystemofadvancedsimulation;include5.AAC-3andDTSaroundformateandthecode;Havethenotlosingthesynchronousabilityofframesofcompleteset,supporttheTV,filmandonlysupportthesoundofthehighclearTVHDTVTrileveltomoveaheadsimultaneouslyonthemarketatpresent.AndthenaddallVITCandLTCtosetup,canlockinanyvideooraudiofrequencyequipment.Brand-newallChineseinterfacesexceptitofPyramix4Chineseedition,outsidethefictitiousorganstopwhereoveralledittingfunction,allreal-timeprofessionalresultdevicemakeup,canallbedisposedbyoneselfandautomationcontrol,Pyramix4hasbeenalsoadded:（1）DSD1bit,2.8Mhz(SACD)recording,makesandmothereditionmakingfunction（2）Support192kHzto384kHzhighsamplingfrequencyrecording,makesandmothereditionmakingfunction（3）Itisespeciallyaresultdevicewhenitisrealthat96kHzgetsto384kHzandDSDsamplingfrequencyandespeciallydesignsofwork（4）AudiofrequencyformnotneedingtosupportOMF(Avid)andSD2(Protools)directlychanging（5）Thenewresultdeviceincludes:1）Real-timeandlarge-scale,canallbedisposedVUformbyoneselfpointsoutthesystem2）Real-timephaseplaceform(candisposeandshowforthemultichannel)3）Thereal-timerecordingusesthetoolpackageofthoroughfare4）Real-timebustoolpackageusedformothereditionmakingandaroundasoundofmaking5）New-typeandintensivereal-timefull-automaticaudiovideoshiftingdevice,can6beusedinthestereomaterialofonepairofsoundchannelsandsinglesoundchannelmaterial（6）Multi-channeledmusicrecording,editor,mothereditionmakingintensivetool,includingthemetronomerail.Accordingtomanykindsofchangesandadjustingthetimelineautomaticallyofrhythmandbeat,adjusttimeinthelineandbeatautomaticallyaccordingtotherhythmrail.（7）Throughsupporting8DSPcardatmost,shouldincreasethebilityofPyramix,solongasaddMykerinosDSPcard（8）Supporttheplug-inpackageofDIRECTXandASIO,canlinkwithotherspecializedaudiofrequencyresultdevicesandapplicationprogram（9）Useandcontroltheagreementdifferently,cancontrolmanykindsofoutsideequipmentthroughmanykindsofcontrolinterface（10）Supportnew-typeSonyDMX-R100(MADII/Ointerface)organstopdirectlyPyramixfictitiousaudiofrequencymanufacturingsystem,isDSDsystemwhichpassesSony,PhilipandCompanycard,itistheonlysystemintheworldtoo,therecanbefunctionofthefollowingDSD:1.2-24SoundchannelDSDisrecordedandproducedandput2.ItisforDSDmulti-channeledforeditor,inaddition,itfadeoutinrealtime/fadinginandsoundgradationzoneresult3.PCMreachesDSDtochange4.Real-timehighsamplingrateresultdevice,includingthereverberationisbecauseofDSDmode5.CanmakeDSDtosurroundsound6.PointoutforintactDofSACDandEform,thestandardoftheRedBook7.DSDadoptsonekindofwavefiltersfrequentlyhighpeculiarlyIntheextensivedigitizedprocessinthefieldofradio,filmandtelevision,wehavealreadyexperiencedtheupgradingfastofmethodofproducingoftheaudiofrequency,workingefficiencyimprovesgreatly,Buttotheaudiofrequencyqualityafterdigitization,theremustalsobehigherpursuit,high-definitionTVanddigitalfilmneedthehigh-qualityaudiofrequencyinconformitywithitevenmore.PhilipandSonyCompanyplantosaygood-byetotheirmanybitsofPCMforms,popularizeDSDforminanall-roundway.Thisisnotachance,itconcernsthedevelopmenttrendofdigitizedaudiofrequency,soindigitizationisplanned,shouldapplyDSDtechnologytorealityprogressively,theonesthatreallywalkedindigitizedprocessofradio,filmandtelevisionhavebeenarrangedago.二.Thedigitalaudiofrequencycompressesthetechnologicalcurrentsituationofthedevelopment7Theappearanceandapplicationofdigitaltechnologyhavebroughtfar-reachinginfluencetothemankind,peoplehavenowadaysalreadylivedinoneworldthatnearlydigitize,butthetechnologyofthedigitalaudiofrequencydeservestobecalledandusesoneofthemostextensivedigitaltechnology,CD,VCD,eintothehugenumbersoffamilies,digitizedradioisbeinglaunchedprogressivelyintheglobalrange,itisexactlythatthesearecloselyrelatedtothemassesofconsumersProductsandcantuseifbecoming,lastthemethistext:Thedigitalaudiofrequencycompressesthemotiveforcethattechnologycanbeproducedanddeveloped.1.TheaudiofrequencycompressestheappearanceoftechnologyandearlyapplicationAudiofrequencycompresstechnologymeanisituseproperdigitalsignaltreatmenttechnologytoflowtoprimitivedigitalaudiofrequencysignal,notlosingtheusefulamountofinformation,orunderconditionsthatlossescanbeneglectedintroduced,reduce(compress)itsyardofrate,iscalledandcompressedthecodetoo.Itmusthavecorrespondinginversetransformation,iscalledanddecompressedordecoded.Itisbeingdistortedthatthesignaloftheaudiofrequencymayintroducealargenumberofnoisesandcertainoneafteracompiledcodesystem.Theadvantageofthedigitalsignalisobvious,andithasoneselfcorrespondingshortcomings,increasethatthecapacityofchannelrequiredatthetimeofnamelytheincreaseandtransmissionofthememorycapacitydemand.TakingCDasanexample,itssamplingrateis44.1KHz,quantityturnprecisioninto16,three-dimensionalsoundforoneminutesignalisitisitinvitememorycapacity,10Mofbytetotaketoneedfrequently,Thatistosay,acapacityofCDdischasaboutanhouronly.Certainly,seemmoreoutstandinginthisquestionofdigitalvideofieldmuchhigherinbandwidth.Isallthebitessential?Discover,adoptPCMyardandflowandstoreandtransmitverygreatredundancydegreedirectly.Cancompressat4:1thesoundatleastunderthetermsofcantharminginfact,namelykeepallinformationonlywith25%ofthefigureamount,thecompressionratiocanevenbeseveralhundredtimesuptointhefieldofvideo.Therefore,inordertoutilizelimitedresources,compresstechnologyfromreceivingtheextensiveattention.Itislong-standingtocompresstheresearchoftechnologyandusetotheaudiofrequency,suchasAlaw,ulawcodebeingthesimplepressingthetechnologyofexpandingaccuratelyandinstantaneously,andgetapplicationinISDNspeechistransmitted.Thestudyonsignalofthepronunciationisdevelopedrelativelyearly,comparativelyripetoo,andalreadyusedwidely,ForinstanceadaptivedifferencedividessuchtechnologyasPCM(ADPCM),linearpredictioncode(LPC),etc.Broadcastingthefield,(NearInstantaneousCompandedAudioMultiplexofNICAM-Itamplifynotreplyingfrequentlywith),etc.systemuseaudiofrequencynottobelasted