外文翻译 - Apache Lucene 官网

1外文原文ApacheLuceneWebsiteLuceneisaJavafull-textsearchengine.Luceneisnotacompleteapplication,butratheracodelibraryandAPIthatcaneasilybeusedtoaddsearchcapabilitiestoapplications.ThisistheofficialdocumentationforApacheLucene4.7.1.AdditionaldocumentationisavailableintheWiki.GettingStartedThefollowingsectionisintendedasagettingstartedguide.Ithasthreeaudiences:first-timeuserslookingtoinstallApacheLuceneintheirapplication;developerslookingtomodifyorbasetheapplicationstheydeveloponLucene;anddeveloperslookingtobecomeinvolvedinandcontributetothedevelopmentofLucene.Thegoalistohelpyougetstarted.ItdoesnotgointogreatdepthonsomeoftheconceptualorinnerdetailsofLucene:Lucenedemo,itsusage,andsources:Tutorialandwalk-throughofthecommand-lineLucenedemo.IntroductiontoLucenesAPIs:High-levelsummaryofthedifferentLucenepackages.Analysisoverview:IntroductiontoLucenesanalysisAPI.SeealsotheTokenStreamconsumerworkflow.ReferenceDocumentsChanges:Listofchangesinthisrelease.SystemRequirements:MinimumandsupportedJavaversions.MigrationGuide:WhatchangedinLucene4;howtomigratecodefromLucene3.x.JREVersionMigration:InformationaboutupgradingbetweenmajorJREversions.FileFormats:GuidetothesupportedindexformatusedbyLucene.Thiscanbecustomizedbyusinganalternatecodec.SearchandScoringinLucene:IntroductiontohowLucenescoresdocuments.ClassicScoringFormula:FormulaofLucenesclassicVectorSpaceimplementation.(lookhereforothermodels)ClassicQueryParserSyntax:OverviewoftheClassicQueryParserssyntaxandfeatures.APIJavadocscore:Lucenecorelibraryanalyzers-common:Analyzersforindexingcontentindifferentlanguagesanddomains.2analyzers-icu:AnalysisintegrationwithICU(InternationalComponentsforUnicode).analyzers-kuromoji:JapaneseMorphologicalAnalyzeranalyzers-morfologik:AnalyzerforindexingPolishanalyzers-phonetic:Analyzerforindexingphoneticsignatures(forsounds-alikesearch)analyzers-smartcn:AnalyzerforindexingChineseanalyzers-stempel:AnalyzerforindexingPolishanalyzers-uima:AnalysisintegrationwithApacheUIMAbenchmark:SystemforbenchmarkingLuceneclassification:ClassificationmoduleforLucenecodecs:Lucenecodecsandpostingsformats.demo:Simpleexamplecodeexpressions:Dynamicallycomputedvaluestosort/facet/searchonbasedonapluggablegrammar.facet:Facetedindexingandsearchcapabilitiesgrouping:Collectorsforgroupingsearchresults.highlighter:Highlightssearchkeywordsinresultsjoin:Index-timeandQuery-timejoinsfornormalizedcontentmemory:Single-documentin-memoryindeximplementationmisc:Indextoolsandothermiscellaneouscodequeries:FiltersandQueriesthataddtocoreLucenequeryparser:Queryparsersandparsingframeworkreplicator:Filesreplicationutilitysandbox:Variousthirdpartycontributionsandnewideasspatial:Geospatialsearchsuggest:Auto-suggestandSpellcheckingsupporttest-framework:FrameworkfortestingLucene-basedapplicationsLucene4.7.1coreAPIApacheLuceneisahigh-performance,full-featuredtextsearchenginelibrary.See:DescriptionPackagesorg.apache.luceneT.apache.lucene.analysisAPIandcodetoconverttextintoindexable/.apache.lucene.analysis.tokenattributesG.apache.lucene.codecsCodecsAPI:APIpressingStoredFieldsF.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene3xCodectosupportLucene3.xindexes(readonly)org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene40L.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene41L.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene42L.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene45L.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene46L.apache.lucene.codecs.perfieldP.apache.lucene.documentThelogicalrepresentationofaD.apache.lucene.indexC.apache.lucene.searchC.apache.lucene.search.payloadsThepayloadspackageprovidesQ.apache.lucene.search.similaritiesThispackagecontainsthevariousrankingmodelsthatcanbeusedinL.apache.lucene.search.spansT.apache.lucene.storeBinaryi/oAPI,.apache.lucene.utilS.apache.lucene.util.automatonF.apache.lucene.util.fstFinitestatetransducersorg.apache.lucene.util.mutableComparableobjectwrappersorg.apache.lucene.util.packedPackedintegerarraysandstreams.4ApacheLucene-BuildingandInstallingtheBasicDemoAboutthisDocumentAbouttheDemoSettingyourCLASSPATHIndexingFilesAboutthecodeLocationofthesourceIndexFilesSearchingFilesAboutthisDocumentThisdocumentisintendedasagettingstartedguidetousingandrunningtheLucenedemos.Itwalksyouthroughsomebasicinstallationandconfiguration.AbouttheDemoTheLucenecommand-linedemocodeconsistsofanapplicationthatdemonstratesvariousfunctionalitiesofLuceneandhowyoucanaddLucenetoyourapplications.SettingyourCLASSPATHFirst,youshoulddownloadthelatestLucenedistributionandthenextractittoaworkingdirectory.YouneedfourJARs:theLuceneJAR,thequeryparserJAR,thecommonanalysisJAR,andtheLucenedemoJAR.YoushouldseetheLuceneJARfileinthecore/directoryyoucreatedwhenyouextractedthearchive-itshouldbenamedsomethinglikelucene-core-version.jar.Youshouldalsoseefilescalledlucene-queryparser-version.jar,lucene-analyzers-common-version.jarandlucene-demo-version.jarunderqueryparser,analysis/common/anddemo/,respectively.PutallfourofthesefilesinyourJavaCLASSPATH.IndexingFiles5Onceyouvegottenthisfaryoureprobablyitchingtogo.Letsbuildanindex!AssumingyouvesetyourCLASSPATHcorrectly,justtype:javaorg.apache.lucene.demo.IndexFiles-docspath-to-lucene/srcThiswillproduceasubdirectorycalledindexwhichwillcontainanindexofalloftheLucenesourcecode.Tosearchtheindextype:javaorg.apache.lucene.demo.SearchFilesYoullbepromptedforaquery.Typeinagibberishormadeupword(forexample:supercalifragilisticexpialidocious).Youllseethattherearenomachingresultsinthelucenesourcecode.Nowtryenteringthewordstring.Thatshouldreturnawholebunchofdocuments.Theresultswillpageateverytenthresultandaskyouwhetheryouwantmoreresults.AboutthecodeInthissectionwewalkthroughthesourcesbehindthecommand-lineLucenedemo:wheretofindthem,theirpartsandtheirfunction.ThissectionisintendedforJavadeveloperswishingtounderstandhowtouseLuceneintheirapplications.LocationofthesourceThefilesdiscussedherearelinkedintothisdocumentationdirectly:IndexFiles.java:codetocreateaLuceneindex.SearchFiles.java:codetosearchaLuceneindex.IndexFilesAswediscussedinthepreviouswalk-through,theIndexFilesclasscreatesaLuceneIndex.Letstakealookathowitdoesthis.Themain()methodparsesthecommand-lineparameters,theninpreparationforinstantiatingIndexWriter,opensaDirectory,andinstantiatesStandardAnalyzerandIndexWriterConfig.Thevalueofthe-indexcommand-lineparameteristhenameofthefilesystemdirectorywhereallindexinformationshouldbestored.IfIndexFilesisinvokedwitharelativepathgiveninthe-indexcommand-lineparameter,orifthe-indexcommand-lineparameterisnotgiven,causingthedefaultrelativeindexpathindextobeused,theindexpathwillbecreatedasasubdirectoryofthecurrentworkingdirectory(ifitdoesnotalreadyexist).Onsomeplatforms,theindexpathmaybecreatedinadifferentdirectory(suchastheusershomedirectory).The-docscommand-lineparametervalueisthelocationofthedirectorycontainingfilestobeindexed.6The-updatecommand-lineparametertellsIndexFilesnottodeletetheindexifitalreadyexists.When-updateisnotgiven,IndexFileswillfirstwipetheslatecleanbeforeindexinganydocuments.LuceneDirectorysareusedbytheIndexWritertostoreinformationintheindex.InadditiontotheFSDirectoryimplementationweareusing,thereareseveralotherDirectorysubclassesthatcanwritetoRAM,todatabases,etc.LuceneAnalyzersareprocessingpipelinesthatbreakuptextintoindexedtokens,a.k.a.terms,andoptionallyperformotheroperationsonthesetokens,e.g.downcasing,synonyminsertion,filteringoutunwantedtokens,etc.TheAnalyzerweareusingisStandardAnalyzer,whichcreatestokensusingtheWordBreakrulesfromtheUnicodeTextSegmentationalgorithmspecifiedinUnicodeStandardAnnex#29;convertstokenstolowercase;andthenfiltersoutstopwords.Stopwordsarecommonlanguagewordssuchasarticles(a,an,the,etc.)andothertokensthatmayhavelessvalueforsearching.Itshouldbenotedthattherearedifferentrulesforeverylanguage,andyoushouldusetheproperanalyzerforeach.LucenecurrentlyprovidesAnalyzersforanumberofdifferentlanguages(seethejavadocsunderlucene/analysis/common/src/java/org/apache/lucene/analysis).TheIndexWriterConfiginstanceholdsallconfigurationforIndexWriter.Forexample,wesettheOpenModetouseherebasedonthevalueofthe-updatecommand-lineparameter.Lookingfurtherdowninthefile,afterIndexWriterisinstantiated,youshouldseetheindexDocs()code.ThisrecursivefunctioncrawlsthedirectoriesandcreatesDocumentobjects.TheDocumentissimplyadataobjecttorepresentthetextcontentfromthefileaswellasitscreationtimeandlocation.TheseinstancesareaddedtotheIndexWriter.Ifthe-updatecommand-lineparameterisgiven,theIndexWriterConfigOpenModewillbesettoOpenMode.CREATE_OR_APPEND,andratherthanaddingdocumentstotheindex,theIndexWriterwillupdatethemintheindexbyattemptingtofindanalready-indexeddocumentwiththesameidentifier(inourcase,thefilepathservesastheidentifier);deletingitfromtheindexifitexists;andthenaddingthenewdocumenttotheindex.SearchingFilesTheSearchFilesclassisquitesimple.ItprimarilycollaborateswithanIndexSearcher,StandardAnalyzer,(whichisusedintheIndexFilesclassaswell)andaQueryParser.Thequeryparserisconstructedwithananalyzerusedtointerpretyourquerytextinthesamewaythedocumentsareinterpreted:findingwordboundaries,downcasing,andremovinguselesswordslikea,anandthe.TheQueryobjectcontainstheresultsfromtheQueryParserwhichispassedtothesearcher.NotethatitsalsopossibletoprogrammaticallyconstructarichQueryobjectwithoutusingthequeryparser.ThequeryparserjustenablesdecodingtheLucenequerysyntaxintothecorrespondingQueryobject.SearchFilesusestheIndexSearcher.search(query,n)methodthatreturnsTopDocswithmaxnhits.Theresultsareprintedinpages,sortedbyscore(i.e.relevance).7中文翻译ApacheLucene官网Lucene是一个Java全文搜索引擎。Lucene不是一个完整的应用程序,而是一个代码库和API,可以很容易地用于添加搜索功能的应用程序。这是ApacheLucene4.7.1的官方文档。附加的文档可以在Wiki中找到。开始以下部分是“入门”指南。我们有三类读者:首次希望在他们的应用程序安装ApacheLucene的用户;为了修改或基于Lucene开发应用程序的开发人员;希望参与和对Lucene的发展作出贡献开发者。我们的目标只是帮助你“开始”。并没有涉及一些深度的概念或Lucene内在的详细信息:1.Lucene演示、用法及其源代码:指导和演示Lucene命令行。2.介绍Lucene的api:高度总结不同Lucene的包。3.分析概述:介绍LuceneAPI的分析。参见TokenStream使用者。参考文档1.改变:改变这个版本的列表。2.系统要求:最小和支持Java版本。3.迁移指南:改变;如何迁移代码从Lucene3.x。4.JRE版本迁移:主要的JRE版本之间的升级信息。5.文件格式:支持指南使用Lucene索引格式。这可以通过使用另一个定制的编解码器。6.在Lucene搜索和得分:介绍Lucene分数文件。7.经典计分公式:公式的经典的向量空间实现。(在这里寻找其他模型)8.经典QueryParser语法:经典QueryParser的语法和功能的概述。JavaAPI文档1.核心:Lucene核心库2.analyzers-common:在不同的语言和领域分析索引内容。3.analyzers-icu:分析与ICU的集成(国际组件对Unicode)。4.analyzers-kuromoji:日本语言分析器5.analyzers-morfologik:波兰索引分析器6.analyzers-phonetic:索引语音信号分析器(sounds-alike搜索)7.analyzers-smartcn:中国索引分析器8.analyzers-stempel:波兰索引分析器9.analyzers-uima:与ApacheUIMA分析集成10.基准:Lucene系统基准测试11.分类:分类模块Lucene812.编解码器:Lucene编解码器和帖子格式。13.演示:简单的示例代码14.表达式:基于一个可插入的动态计算的值进行排序搜索的语法。15.方面:平面的索引和搜索功能16.分组:对搜索结果进行收藏分组。17.萤光笔:突出显示搜索关键字的结果18.加入:Index-timeQuery-time连接和规范化的内容19.内存:单文档内存索引的实现20.Misc:索引工具和其他杂项的代码21.查询:过滤器和查询,增加核心Lucene22.queryparser:查询解析器和解析框架23.复制因子:文件复制工具24.沙箱:各种第三方贡献和新的想法25.空间:地理空间搜索26.建议:自动建议及拼写检查支持27.test-framework:Lucene-based应用程序的测试框架Lucene4.7.2核心APIApacheLucene是一个高性能、功能完全的文本搜索引擎库。包org.apache.lucene顶级包。org.apache.lucene.analysisAPI和代码将文本转换成索引/搜索令牌。org.apache.lucene.analysis.tokenattributes文本分析的通用属性。org.apache.lucene.codecs编解码器API:API定制的编码和结构指数。pressingStoredFieldsFormat允许文档和跨域压缩存储的字段。org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene3x编解码器支持Lucene3。x索引(只读的)org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene40Lucene4.0文件格式。org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene41Lucene4.1文件格式。org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene42Lucene4.2文件格式。org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene45Lucene4.5文件格式。org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene46Lucene4.6文件格式。org.apache.lucene.codecs.perfield发帖格式,可以代表不同的格式的域。org.apache.lucene.document的逻辑表示Document索引和搜索。9org.apache.lucene.index代码维护和访问指数。org.apache.lucene.search代码搜索指数。org.apache.lucene.search.payloads有效载荷包提供的查询机制寻找和使用有效载荷。org.apache.lucene.search.similarities这个包包含了各种排序模型,可以使用L.apache.lucene.search.spans跨越的微积分。org.apache.lucene.store二进制文件i/oAPI,用于所有索引数据。org.apache.lucene.util一些实用工具类。org.apache.lucene.util.automaton有限状态自动机的正则表达式。org.apache.lucene.util.fst有限状态传感器org.apache.lucene.util.mutable可对比的对象包装器org.apache.lucene.util.packed整型数组和流。ApacheLucene构建和安装基本的演示1.关于本文档2.关于演示3.设置类路径中4.索引文件5.关于代码6.源的位置7.IndexFiles8.搜索文件关于本文档本文档的目的是作为一个“入门”指南使用Lucene和运行演示。它将引导您完成一些基本的安装和配置。关于演示Lucene演示代码包含一个命令行应用程序,它演示了Lucene的各种功能和如何将Lucene添加到您的应用程序。设置类路径首先,你应该下载最新的Lucene并且解压到一个目录中。你需要四个JAR:LuceneJAR,queryparserJAR,共同分析JAR,Lucene演示JAR。您应该看到Lucene核心/目录中的JAR文件创建提取档案时,它应该被命名为类似lucene-core-version.jar。您也应该看到文件lucene-queryparser-version.jar,lucene-10analyzers-common-version.jar和lucene-demo-version.jarqueryparser下,分别分析/共同/和演示。把所有这些文件的四个在Java类路径中。索引文件一旦你得到这么远你可能发痒。让我们构建一个索引!假设已经正确地设置类路径,只是类型:javaorg.apache.lucene.demo.IndexFiles-docspath-to-lucene/src这将产生一个子目录指数它将包含Lucene索引的所有源代码。搜索索引擎类型:javaorg.apache.lucene.demo.SearchFiles你会提示输入一个查询。输入胡言乱语或由词(例如:“难以置信的”)。你会发现没有在lucene源码加工的结