高中-英语合成词-讲练--经典--全英.doc

compound adjectiveA compound adjective is an adjective which is made up of two parts and is usually written with a hyphen, e.g. well-dressed, never-ending. The second part of the compound adjective is frequently a present or past participle. A large number of compound adjectives describe personal appearance. Tom was a curly-haired, sun-tanned, blue-eyed, rosy-cheeked, thin lipped, broad-shouldered, left-handed, slim-hipped, long-legged, flat-footed young man, wearing an open-necked shirt, brand-new, tight-fitting jeans and open-toed sandals. compound adjectives describes a persons characterMelissa was absent-minded forgetful, easy-going relaxed, good-tempered cheerful, warm-hearted kind and quick-witted intelligent if perhaps a little big-headed proud of herself, two-faced hypocritical, and self-centred at pound adjectives with the second part as a prepositionan all-out strike total a burnt-out car nothing left in it after a fire a broken-down bus it wont work a built-up area lots of buildings in ita hard-up student poor well-off people wealthy worn-out shoes cant be worn any more a drive-in movie you watch from your carcast-off clothes no longer wanted by the ownerHere are some other useful compound adjectives. air-conditioned bullet-proof cut-price drip-dry duty-free hand-made interest-free last-minute long-distance long-standing remote-controlled record-breaking part-time off-peak second-classso-called sugar-free time-consuming top-secret world-famous You can vary the compound adjectives listed by changing one part of the adjective. For example: curly-haired, long-haired red-haired and straight-haired; first-hand (knowledge), first-class (ticket), first-born(child)Compound nouns - verb + preposition Nouns based on phrasal verbs are informal. Here are examples of such nouns in use. In response to the pay offer(工资待遇), there was a walk-out at the factory. strike There is going to be a crack-down on public spending(公共支出). action against There has been a break-out from the local prison. escape Last month saw a tremendous(大量的、巨大的) shake-up in personnel(人事). change I never expected the break-up of the USSR（前苏联）. collapse A number of these nouns have economic associations. The takeover of one of our leading hotel chains(连锁旅馆) has just been announced（宣布）. purchase by another company Were trying to find some new outlets for our products. places to sell Take your things to the check-out to pay for them. cash-desk Cutbacks will be essential（主要的） until the recession（经济萧条） is over. reductions We made a profit(利润) of 1000 on a turnover of 10,000. money passing through a companySome of these nouns are associated with technology and other aspects of contemporary life. What the computer produces depends on the quality（质量） of the input. information that is put in Output has increased thanks to new technology（新技术）. production We have a rather rapid staff（工作人员） turnover. change It will be a long time before the consequences(结果、后果) of fallout from Chernobyl are no longer felt. radio-active dust in the atmosphere I can easily get you a printout of the latest figures（最新数据）. paper on which computer information has been printed A breakthrough has been made in AIDS research. important discovery Some of the words can be used in more general circumstances. Many of the problems were caused by a breakdown in communications. failure The outlook for tomorrow is good and sunny in most places. prospect There are drawbacks as well as advantages(有利优势) to every situation. negative aspects The outcome of the situation（情况、处境）. was not very satisfactory（令人满意的. conclusion TV companies always welcome feedback from viewers(观众). comments The outbreak of war surprised them. start of something unpleasant（令人不愉快的）, e.g. disease, violenceMeaning-geussing task:Noun +noun:a fixed expression which is made up of more than one word and functions as a noun. e.g. address book, human being, science fiction. Compound nouns may be written as two words, e.g. tin opener, bank account, or they may be written with a hyphen instead of a space between the words, e.g. pen-name, baby-sitter. Sometimes they may be written as one word, e.g. earring. Compound nouns may be countable, uncountable or only used in either the singular or the plural. Usually the main stress is on the first part of the compound but sometimes it is on the second part. Here are some examples of common countable compound nouns. alarm clock assembly line blood donor book token fire alarm contact lens credit card handcuffs heart attack tea-bag windscreen windscreen wiper Here are some examples of common uncountable compound nouns. air-traffic control birth control blood pressure cotton wed data-processing family planning food poisoning pocket money income tax junck food mail order health careHere are some examples of common compound nouns used only in the singular. arms race (countries wanting most powerful weapons) death penalty welfare countrygeneration gap labour force mother-tongue sound barrier greenhouse effect brain drain (highly educated people leaving country to work abroad) Here are some examples of common compound nouns used only in the plural. grass roots luxury goods human rights kitchen scissors public relations roadworks sunglasses traffic lightsblank-filling with words below Its a good idea to start a _ (part) job to make extra money. (兼职) Its necessary to use a _ (wave) radio to pick up the program. （短波）Walt Disney, the great _(film), was born in Chicago in 1901.（电影制作人）The fire lasted about 4 hours before the _ (fire) could control it.（消防队员）At school sh