模块八第一单元单词讲解及练习题.doc

U1重点词汇1. vain adj. 自负的；自视过高的e.g. He was vain about his looks, spending hours in the gym.adj. 不成功的；无用的；徒劳的e.g. They made a vain attempt to protect the town from attack. in vain没有成功；徒劳 e.g. We walked a couple of blocks, looking in vain for a cab. 2. wisdom n. 智慧；学识；明智e.g. One can not have wisdom without living life. wise adj. 聪明的，英明的，明智的 3. abuse v. 虐待；凌辱e.g. Prisoners reported being regularly abused by their guards. v. 滥用；妄用e.g. They were accused of abusing their power to keep prices artificially high. v. 辱骂e.g. He was fined $ 10,000 for verbally abusing the judge. 4. adaptation n. 适应， 改编， 改写本；适应e.g. The play is an adaptation of a short novel.adapt vt. 使适应，改编 adopt vt. 采用，收养 adapted themselves to city life _ adopt a new technique _5. twist vt. 使转弯，使扭曲，曲解，歪曲 vi. 扭弯，扭曲，缠绕，扭动，呈螺旋形e.g. String is made of threads twisted together. The path twisted up the hill. to twist the handle Twist the lid to open it. n. 转弯，弯曲，曲折路 a twist of fate _ a story with a quirky twist _ twist of the wrist _ twist off _ twist up _ twists and turns _6. fortune n. 财富，运气，大量财产，好运，命运 e.g. She had the good fortune to be free from illness. Fortune smiled on him. _ make a fortune / make ones fortune _ seek ones fortune _ try ones fortune _7. desperate adj. 绝望的 e.g. The missing mans family are getting increasingly desperate. . adj. 孤注一掷的e.g. In a desperate attempt to escape, he killed the guard. adj. 极需要的；及向往的 desperate for e.g. They were sold by families desperate for money to buy food. be desperate to do sth. e.g. He was desperate to see her again. adj. 非常严重的e.g. Parts of this school are in desperate need of repair. desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常；很8. civil adj. 有教养的，文明的，公民的，国内的 e.g. Keep a civil tongue in your head! Dont speak rudely! be civil to _ say sth. civil _9. bent adj. 决意的，极想的，下决心的 be bent on 一心想要，决心要；专心致志于He was bent on making them happy. All eyes were bent on me. bend v. 弯曲，屈服动词过去式：bent；过去分词：bent；现在分词：bending；第三人称单数：bendse.g. It is possible to bend nature to human will? She bent (over) to pick up a book from the floor. 10. reform n. 改革， 改善e.g. The reform and open policy has brought us Chinese people a rich and colourful life. vt. 改革， 革新， 重新组成 vi.革新， 改过， 重组 to reform criminals 改造罪犯 to reform society 改革社会11. pressure n. 压，压力，电压，压迫，强制，紧迫 e.g. Do not put much pressure on the handle, it may break. He works well under pressure. put pressure on sb. _ under the pressure of _- at high pressure _ work at high pressure _12. resist vt. 抵抗，反抗，抗，忍得住 e.g. She could hardly resist laughing. resist aggression _ resist temptation _resistance n. 反抗，抵抗，抵抗力 make some no resistance _13. spin v. 旋转， 纺， 纺纱e.g. The wheels of the car were spinning. 小汽车的轮子飞速旋转。 The heavy blow sent the enemy spinning to the ground. 猛烈的一击打得敌人昏头转向，倒在地上。spin sb. round _练习：一、根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填空。1. Many people were g_ enough to donate enough money to the people in the disaster regions.2. The play is an a_ of a short novel.3. Anns uncle died suddenly, leaving all his f_ to her.4. He was v_ about his looks, spending hours in the gym.5. Prisoners reported being regularly a_ by their guards. 6. Keep a c_ tongue in your head! Dont speak rudely. 7. The _ (曲折) in the plot is always the attraction to literature lovers.8. Parts of this school are in d_ need of repair.9. John is b_ on getting the first place in the following race.10. The a_ chair was made in 1628.11. Better be envied than p_ (怜悯).12. This is a new kind of glassware that r_ heat.13. He became famous nationwide o_.14. The crew of the tanker were r_ just minutes before it sank in heavy seas. 15. Mother Teresa, who won the Nobel Prize, has earned her r_ for kind help to the poor people in India.16. The posts are i_ for students who have recently completed a first degree in biology.二、选词填空。let out far from free from would rather than be lost to be bent ongather dust on the shelf come out be adapted from live up to 1. My guitar has just been _ since I injured my hand.2. Many films _ classic works.3. A lot of new books _ every day. 4. By the death of Ba Jin, one of Chinas greatest writers _ the world.5. This is a secret. Who has _ it _?6. The breathtakingly beautiful scenery certainly _ expectations.7. This maths problem is_ easy. In fact, it is difficult.8. He _winning at all costs.9. When her son returned, she was _ anxiety.10. I _ play tennis _ watch TV.参考答案：一、1. generous 2. adaptation 3. fortune 4. vain 5. abused 6. civil 7. twist 8. desperate 9. bent 10. antique. 11. piti