18英语组---高考复习定语从句专题132VIP

倒装测试卷(附参考答案)总分 50 分 时间30 分钟 姓名 ： 一、 单选 （2*10）1. Were I to do it, I _it some other way. A will do B would do C would have done D were to do 2. I _him the answer _possible, but I was so busy then. A could tell, if it had been B must have told, were it C should have told; had it been D should have told, should it be 3. You didnt take his advice, _his advice, you _such a mistake.A Had you taken, wouldnt have made B If you had taken, would makeC were you to take, shouldnt have made D Have you taken, wont have made4. Not until he left the home _to know how important the family was for him.A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun5. We laugh at jokes, but seldom _about how they work.A we think B think we C we do think D do we think 6. Is everyone here? -Not yetlook, there _the rest of our guests.A come B comes C is coming D are coming 7. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _, one of the ten largest citiest in China.A lies Chongqing B Chongqing lies C does lie Chongqing D does Chongqing lie8. Little _about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.A did Rose care B Rose did care C Rose does care D does Rose care9. So sudden _that the enemy had no time to escape.A did the attack B the attack did C was the attack D the attack was 10. Bill wasnt happy abot the delay of the report by Jason and _. A I was neither B neither was I C I was neither D either was I 二、 完成句子（2*15）1Not until people know more about the situation _(他们才会加入)protecting the environment. (join) 2Hardly _(我一到达山顶) when it began to rain.3Not until all the fish died in the river _(村民才意识到) how serious the pollution was. (realize) 4I didnt know about that, _(我也不想知道). (nor) 5. So _(她的生意很成功) that Maric was able to set up more branches elsewhere. (successful) 6No sooner _(我们坐下) than we found it was time to go. (sit)7By no means _(她会同意) move to a new place far away from the workplace. 8_(只有那时他才意识到) that he had made a serious mistake. (only) 9Only in this way _(我们才能保持。的均衡增长) of the economy. （balance）10.At no circumstance _(中国允许) Taiwan to break away from the mainland. (follow) 11. In the dark forests _(有许多湖泊), some large enough to hold several English towns. (lie)12. At no time_(允许抽烟) in the meeting room. (allow) 13. From the distance _(来了一个士兵) who was riding a horse. (come)14. Not only _(这项发明被重视) but the invertor was also spoken highly of at the conference. (attach)15. _(尽管她很虚弱), she managed to finish her wo 2013届英语高考复习语法讲义-定语从句专题教学重点与教学策略鉴于定语从句在高考当中的重要性和学生中存在的问题，本专题的教学重点内容应该包括以下几个方面：1. 区分关系代词和关系副词。2. “介词+关系词”引导定语从句3. whose的用法4. 关系代词that和which的比较5. 关系代词as的用法6. 关系副词where的用法7. 区分定语从句和其他句式8. 特殊先行词way和time后的关系词教学基本策略：以定语从句的基本概念为导入，重点是分考点讲解的基础上给学生练习，同时注重学生自己的总结和理解。专题教学主要内容I定语从句的基本结构：名词（先行词） + 关系词 + 句子 （定语从句）关系词通常有下列三个作用：引导定语从句；2.代替先行词；3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 指人：who, whom, that关系代词（主语，宾语，表语，定语） 指物：which, that关系词 某人的/某物的：whose 人或物：as关系副词（状语）：when, where, why，that找出下列从句中的先行词以及它们在从句中做的成分。1. The boy who is standing there is my cousin.2. The boy (whom) you met yesterday is Tom.3. The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 4. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 5. Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all.6. Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest as everyone likes to visit.7. Many people worry about the year 2012, when they think the earth will be destroyed. 8. I prefer a class where students work as a team.9. Is this the reason why he refused our offer? 10. He has two strategies, neither of which seems to work very well.II定语从句常见考点整理考点一：关系代词和关系副词的区分解题策略：1）看懂句意，分析句子结构，确定定语从句部分和先行词部分（看先行词是人还是物，这样可排除错误选项）；2）确定从句时限制性还是非限制性定语从句（that不能引导非限制性定语从句，其他关系词都可以）；3）分析从句并根据从句句义确定从句中所缺的成分，选出适合的关系代词补全从句；4）还原从句，把先行词放入定语从句中，确定从句结构及意义完整。例：According to the research, shoppers, _ purchased so much clothing, met the most problems.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whose解析：先行词是shoppers,与从句的关系是shoppers purchased so much clothing ,在从句中作主语，答案为C。Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.A. when B. whichC. whereD. while解析：定语从句it will keep for two or three weeks和先行词the refrigerator之间的关系应该是 it will keep for two or three weeks in the refrigerator。答案为C。考点二：1.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。介词后面的关系代词只能用which（指代物）或whom（指代人）。 如何确定“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词方法一：根据定语从句中谓语动词的需要来确定介词。This is the dictionary on which I spent 50 yuan. (spendon)This is the dictionary for which I paid 50 yuan. (pay for)方法二：根据定语从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词。I remember the day on which I joined the League.(on the day)I remember the years in which I stayed in the mountain village. (in the years)方法三：根据定语从句句意的需要来确定介词。The gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.The gas in which fire can burn much better is called oxygen.（4)“介词关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词，有时数词或代词也可以放在“介词关系代词”之后。He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.He loved his parents deeply, of whom both are very kind to him. （5)介词which / whomto do结构I dont have enough money with which to buy such an expensive dress. I dont have enough money with which I can buy such an expensive dress.（6)在非限制性定语从句中，which可作定语，指先行词(短语或句子)所表示的信息，形成“介词which 名词”结构，相当于and in/at/during this/that名词。He was very ill, in which case(and in this case)we sent him to hospital first. She lost her temper, at which point(and at this point) I decided to go back home.Mike was a student at the university from 1998 to 2004, during which time(and during that time) he studied very hard and was made chairman of the Students Union. 考点三：whose的用法1.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语Ancient Rome is a country whose culture influenced the western world for centuries.He has a friend, whose father is a doctor.2.whose 和of which/ of whom相等吗？The classroom whose door (the door of which) is broken will soon be repaired.注意：定语从句的主语是以下词语用of which/ whom:Some, many, few, little, much, most/ all ,both, neither, each, none/ 数量的词语Here are many books, two of which/ of which two he borrowed.I bought him two pieces of clothing, neither of which / of which neither he likes考点四：关系代词which和that的区别：1.注意在下面几种情况下必须用that而不用which引导定语从句：先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。All that we have to do is to practise every day.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film Ive ever seen.先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。I have read all the books(that)you gave me.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时 He is the only person that/(who) I want to talk to .先行词既有人又有物时They talked of things and persons that they remembered.当句中已有which或who时，为避免重复Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the man that is talking to John?当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系词已用，则另一个用that.Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.主句是there be 句型，修饰主语的定语从句用thatThere is a seat in the corner that is still available.2. 只能用which的情况： 非限制性定语从句There are many factories in Yaohai District, which produce a lot of pollution. 介词+whichThis is the house in which Shakespeare once lived. 先行词本身就是that时Whats that which flashed in the sky just now? 指代句子内容时He broke my cup, which made me angry.（注意：以上比较是在which和that之间的选择，不要误以为所有的关系词中非限制性定语从句只能用which。）考点五：关系代词who和that的比较都可以指代人，但是以下情况只能用who: 先行词是指人的不定代词，如：one, ones, anyone, no one, those ,all nobody ,anybody none等时.People all like those who have good manners. 在there be 句型中There are some people who want to have holidays abroad.考点六：as引导的定语从句： suchas; soas; the sameas I like the same book as you do.(as作宾语） I shall do it in the same way as you did.（as作状语） I want to have such a dictionary as he has.(as作宾语）； as引导非限定性定语从句。as在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，这个定语从句说明整个句子，可以放在主句之前。例如： As we all know,he studies very hard.（as代表整个句子，作宾语） As is known to all,he is the best student in our class.（as代表整个句子，作主语）常用的类似插入语的句式有as is said above,as is already mentioned above,as is known to all, as is expected, as it often happens, as it is,as is often the case,as is reported in the newspaper等。 关系代词which和as在定语从句中的区别是：（ 1 ） as 有“正如；就像”之意，而 which 没有；（ 2 ） as 引导的非限制性定语从句可置于句首句中或句末，而 which 只能置于句末；（ 3 ）如果非限制性定语从句是否定句时，只能用 which 引导。例如：He came here very late, which was unexpected (not expected).考点七：与强调句型及其他句型的混合1).Theoldbuilding,behind_wasafamouschurch,was_weusedtowork. A.that,theplaceB.it,theplace C.which,whereD.what,where 2).It is the playground _ I picked up this wallet.A.which B.that C.from there D. where3).It is on the playground _ I picked up this wallet.A.which B.that C.from there D. where答案： C D B 考点八：对关系副词where的特殊考查1.当先行词为situation, case, stage, point，process，condition，position等,且关系词在定语从句中作状语，也要用关系副词where。1).They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.2).Icanthinkofmanycases_studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldntwriteagoodessay. A.whyB.which C.asD.where （D）2.where在其他从句中的考查：That is where you are mistaken. Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.注意：这里的where不能换成in which。1）.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing.2).I can think of many cases _ you know nothing about.3).Put the book _ it was.4).We will see a case _ music could cure people.5）There is one point _ we must clear at the conference tomorrow.答案：1)where/ in which 2)which/ that/不填 3)where 4)where / in which 5) that/ which/不填1. from where为介词+关系副词结构，也可以引导定语从句。1)He was blown off course and found himself in an known land, from where he eventually reached Greenland.2)He stood near the window, from where he could see the whole garden.考点九：其他词语对先行词的干扰1).She will never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (2009年四川)A. whereB. whichC. whenD. who解析：本题特别容易误选A。此题的先行词是her stay而不是there，因为定语从句修饰名词而there是副词。先行词和定语从句的关系为she found her lost son during her stay there.故答案为 C。2).I met Mr. Tompson during his stay in Beijing, _ he attended an important international conference there.A when B. whereC. in whichD. which解析：定语从句部分已经有地点there=in Beijing.故先行词应为his stay.答案为A。考点十：定语从句与并列结构He has two sons, neither of whom looks like him. He has two sons, and neither of them looks like him. 第一个句子为定语从句，关系代词whom指代two sons,在定语从名中介词of的宾语。第二个句子为并列结构，由并列连词and连接，人称代词them指代two sons。练习:1) Sean got the first place, _ made his parents happy.2) Sean got the first place, and _ made his parents happy.A. so B. which C. as D. this答案： B D考点十一：区分两种固定句式1).Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves her. 2).Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves.such/soas(定语从句)；such/sothat（状语从句）如此以至于练习：This is such an easy question _ I can answer.This is such an easy question _ I can answer it.答案：as; that3)This is the same book as he lent me last week.这和他上星期借给我的书一样。4)This is the same book that he lent me last week.这是他上星期借给我的那本书。the sameas表示相似的东西，the samethat表示同一人或物。考点十二：way和time后接定语从句1） 当先行词是way且在定语从句中表示“用方式，方法”时，关系词有三种形式：What surprised me was the way in which/ that/ 不填 he said it.试比较：The way _he explained to us was quite simple. （which/ that/ 不填）The way _he explained the sentence to us was quite simple. (in which/ that/ 不填)2）先行词是time时，若time作“次数”讲，应用关系词that并且可以省略；time若为“一段时间”“时代”讲，应用关系词when或介词at/during+which。This is the second time （that） the president has visited the country.I could hardly remember how many times （that ）I have failed.There was a time when/ during which there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.练习：1）.I dont like the way _ you laugh at her.2）.This is the second time _ I have been there.3）.Can you still remember the time _ we spent together in our childhood.答案：1. in which/that/不填2. that/不填 3. that/不填精讲例题1.Imettheteacherinthestreetyesterday_taughtmeEnglishthreeyearsago. A.whichB.when C.whereD.who 2.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_ofgreatimportancetoscience. A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis 3.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,_othervisitorsseldomgo. A.whatB.which C.whereD.when 4.Tsinghua University is a first class university, _ lots of people are eager to study.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. why5.Taiwan is part of China, _ is known to all the world.A. whatB. asC. that D. such 6.Doyouknowthemanfrom_housethepictureswerestolen? A.whichB.that C.whatD.whose 7.The old farmer has one son and two daughters, _ are kind to him,_ makes him sad.A. neither of them; which B. all of whom; which C. none of them; it D. none of whom; which8.Isthisthereason_atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork? A.heexplainedB.whatheexplained C.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained 9.Wearelivinginanage_manythingsaredoneoncomputer. A.whichB.that C.whoseD.when10.The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.A. when B. that C. where D. which11. Franks dream is to have his own garden _ many beautiful flowers.A. in it to produceB. which produceC. it producesD. in which to produce12. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time.A, of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. above which13. There are species living in the depths of the oceans _ we still know little.A. for whichB. in whichC. of whatD. of which14. Many people tend to buy things from big store, _ they believe the qualities are good.A. at whichB. of whichC. whichD. where15. Have you seen the book _ is yellow?A. whose the coverB. of which cover C. the cover of whichD.its cover16. The teacher had a careful talk with Tom, one of _ problems is poor study habit.A. whoseB. hisC. whomD. which17. It is the same in China- many people, _ some are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weight-loss pills, which are often dangerous.A. whoseB. of whomC. of whichD. who18. True friendship is like sound health, _ value is seldom known until it is lost.A. whoseB. of whichC. asD. which19.Our psychology teacher seems unable to explain everything in a way _ makes sense to us.A. in whichB. of whichC. / D. that20.He flew to Paris two hours ago, _ he would stay for three days.A. thereB. whichC. whenD. where答案：DACBBDDADADCDBCABADD七反馈试卷 1.（2012浙江卷）9.We live in an age_ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.A. whyB. whenC. to whomD. on which2.（2012山东卷）23. Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been made into television series. A. them B. that C. which D. what3.（2012福建卷）23. The air quality in the city, _is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.A. thatB. it C. as D. what4.（2012江苏卷）22.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. who C. where D. what5.（2012安徽卷）29. lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A. as B. it C. which D. This6.(2012四川卷)13. In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses.A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them7.（2012陕西卷）14. It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all.A. that B. whereC.whichD. what8.（2012北京）26. When deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. when 9.（2012全国II）8. That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. that B. which C. what D. when10.(2011全国卷I) 31. The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what11.（2011全国卷II）7. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. A. this B. that C. what D. which12.（2011北京卷）26. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to