译林版必修一Unit 1 School life grammar课件（40张）.pptx

unit1school grammarandusage 定语从句 harrypotter aboywithglasses aboywhoisbraveandwearingglasses abraveboy attributive 用来修饰名词的成分 1 定义 又称形容词性从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词 起定语作用 2 先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 3 关系词 引导定语从句的词 定语从句 attributiveclauses themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman 先行词 定语从句 关系词 关系代词 关系副词 which that who whom whose when where why 在定语从句中作主语 宾语 定语和表语 在定语从句中作状语 relativepronouns relativeadverbs 关系词分为关系代词和关系副词 关系词通常有下列三个作用 a 引导定语从句b 代替先行词c 在定语从句中担当一个成分 作主语theboyistom theboyissmiling theboywhoissmilingistom theboyistom theboyhasaroundface theboywhohasaroundfaceistom exercise 作宾语themaniskind everyonelikeshim themanwhoeveryonelikesiskind thewomangotthejob wesawherinthestreet thewomanwhomwesawinthestreetgotthejob 作表语jackisnolongeralazyboy heusedtobealazyboy jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe 作定语shehasabrother ican trememberhisname shehasabrotherwhosenameican tremember 作状语theschoolisinshenzhen hestudiedintheschool theschoolwherehestudiedisinshenzhen readthepassageonp9andunderlinetheattributiveclausesyoufind translatethesentencesintochinese davidwasoneofthemosthelpfulstudentsthatweeverhad in2004 hewenttooxforduniversitywherehebecameinterestedinchineseculture someofthecitiesinchinawhichhelikesmostarebeijing shanghai harbinandnanjing 4 mostofthestudentswhomhetaughthavebecomehisfriends 5 someofthebooksweregiftsthathegotfromhischinesefriendsandstudents 6 thepaintingsthatdaviddonatedtotheschoolarebeingshownintheexhibitionroom 关系代词的用法 whichthatwhowhomwhose which footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters 1 which指物 在定语从句中做主语或宾语 做宾语时常可省略 which thisisthepen which heboughtyesterday thefilm which theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall that 2 that指人时 相当于who或whom 指物时 相当于which 在定语从句中作主语或宾语 作宾语时常可省略 theseasonthat whichcomesafterspringissummer yesterdayireceivedaletterthat whichcamefromaustralia that whereistheman that whom isawthismorning theperson that whom youintroducedtomeisverykind who 3 who指人 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 theboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromclassone apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief whom 4 whom指人 作宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 theman whom who italkedtoismr li themantowhomitalkedismr li whose 5 whose在定语从句中作定语 与后面的名词为所属关系 whose可指人 也可指物 指物时可与ofwhich互换使用 hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisred doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisred whose whose doyouknowthegirlinourclass herhairisveryshort doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshortinourclass heisthestudent ibrokehispencilyesterday heisthestudentwhosepencilibrokeyesterday 定语从句中的关系代词 备注 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下 一般用that而不用which 1 当先行词为不定代词all one few little some everything anything nothing nobody none等时 haveyoutakendowneverythingthatmr lisaid thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld 2 先行词被all every no some any little much theonly thevery thelast just right等修饰时 i vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰 thisisthefirstbook that hehasread thisisthebestfilm that ihaveeverseen thisisthesecondtime that iaminbeijing 4 先行词是who或which引导的主句 whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished whichisthet shirtthatfitsmemost 5 当先行词既有人又有物 theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool lookatthemanandhisdonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet 6 当关系代词在定语从句中充当表语时 theyarenolongerthementhattheyusedtobe 练习 1 thisisall iknowaboutthematter a thatb whatc whod whether a 练习 2 isthereanythingelse yourequire a whichb thatc whod what b 练习 3 thelastplace wevisitedwasthegreatwall a whichb thatc whered it b 练习 4 hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks interestedhimgreatlyintheschool a whichb thatc itd whom b 练习 5 thereisnodictionary youcanfindeverything a thatb whichc whered inthat a 练习 6 isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn a thatb c whichd it a 练习 7 whichwasthehotel wasrecommendedtoyou a thatb whichc whered it a 在下列情况下 一般只用which而不用that 1 非限制性定语从句中 thisnovel whichihavereadthreetimes isverytouching 2 关系代词前有介词时 thisisthehouseofwhichthewindowsfacesouth greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhichiwasborn 3 先行词本身是that those且指物时 what sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow 4 一个句子中有两个定语从句 为避免重复 一个用that 另一个用which 练习 1 jimpassedthedrivingtest surprisedever