英语口语讲义

Contents第一部分：英语口语笔记.2LECTURE1 PERSONAL INTRODUCTION.21. Range of the question.22.Greeting.23.Farewell.34.Testing.35. Question types.36. 口语备考 6 不黄金法则.47. 题目中的陷阱问题.48. 自我介绍.49. 答题要点.410. 个人信息常见问题.511. Personality and characteristics.512. 应对措施.513. Content of Personal Information.6LECTURE2 BRIEF MANAGEMENT SUMMARY 1.121. Management.122. management styles.133. Benefits of team working.14LECTURE3 BRIEF MANAGEMENT SUMMARY 2. 171. Differences between big company and small company management.172. 6 Sigma.173. How to manage some difficultly controlled employees?.184. Solutions.185. Decision Making.186. Management Potential.197. Human resource.218. Evaluation.21LECTURE 4 ECONOMICS AND MARKETING.221. Background.222. Demand.223. Supply.234. Equilibrium of demand and supply.235. Price elasticity.246. Manufacturing and supply.257. Economies of Scale.258. Competition forms.269. Ten Financial Terms.28LECTURE 5 FISCAL AND MONETARY POLICY.321. Fiscal Policy.332. Monetary Policy.333. Economic Growth.344. Inflation.345. MBA Terms.35第二部分 英语口语面试答题技巧 .38模块一 英语口语面试概述.38模块二 自我介绍参考范文.41模块三 面试官常问 75 题.46模块四 常见面试问题及答题要点.51模块五 附录：常用词汇的中英文对照表.57第一部分：英语口语笔记Lecture 1 Personal introductionContents(1) MBA Interview Overview(2) Objective and structure(3) Strategy(4) Personal introduction1. Range of the questionThere are 7aspacts will be asked in 6 major types2. GreetingKnock first!-For “You never get a second chance to make a first impression”Good morning/ afternoon, Sir/MadamNice to meet youhow is it going, Im glad to attend this interview and I hope I can make agood performance today.how are you doing, it is my honor to have this interview3. FarewellThats my understanding towards this question/ this is what I understand.well, nice talking to you / thank you for your time/ Its my pleasure to talk with you/ Thank you for listening to my speech and I hope it could be satisfactory/ I hope my performance will satisfy you.Goodbye/ see you.4. Testing5. Question types1.个人信息类2.假设类话题3.个人偏好类话4.原因类话题5.解决措施类话题6.选择与比较7.引起的问题类8.综合类6. 口语备考 6 不黄金法则1.不懂就问2.江姐：不得使用“I dont know”3. close questions 不可以使用间接回答4.不要重复问题5.不要停顿6.不要过分重视语法和翻译7. 题目中的陷阱问题What is your weakness?Tell me about a mistake you made and what you learned from it?8. 自我介绍1.一般自我介绍包括个人信息、兴趣爱好、学习情况、未来计划几个方面，但时间都不会过长，大约持续一分钟左右。3.要求简洁。4.有新意。5.能够让考官记住你。6.最重要的是，发音要准，不要太快，以别人听懂为目的。9. 答题要点1.在回答上述问题中，考官在寻找你成长经历中的性格，资历，志向和活力等线索，来判断你是否适合读 MBA。2.回答过程当中，适当的连词是重点当中的重点！10. 个人信息常见问题1.Can you sell yourself in two minutes? Go for it2. Give me a summary of your current job description.3. Why did you leave your last job?4. How do you rate yourself as a professional?5.What contribution did you make to your current (previous) organization?6.What do you think you are worth to us?7.What make you think you would be a success in this position?11. Personality and characteristicsEnthusiasticstrong-willedpassionatewell-balancedpositivehealth-conscioustalentedIntelligentanalyticalKnowledgeable（= wellread）（usually for older people)well-educatedskilledProfessionalreliablepunctual12. 应对措施whats your major weak point?1. I havent been involved in international business that is why Im willing to join in MBA program in your school to obtain it.2. I tend to drive and push myself too hard.3. I expect others to perform beyond their capacities.4. my biggest weak point is I should have applied for MBA program earlier. However,I was quite busy years ago, if I applied earlier, I would be more successful in my job or could contribute more to my company.Id like to see a job done quickly, and Im critical if it isnt.5. Im always worry about the quality of my work and restrictive to myself and never feel quite satisfied with my performance.I sometimes want my colleague working as hard as me. I felt uncomfortable if they are not able to do so.13. Content of Personal InformationPersonal Information(1) Personality education background(2) knowledge of MBA Career Planning(3) working experience description(4) management knowledgeAdvantages of yourselfI like to face challenges so I keep updating my knowledge and skills.I focus on details while having strategic vision.I could handle complicated interpersonal relationship.I am a hard worker and could finish tasks under great pressure.(1) 自我介绍(self-introduction)I was born in_,which is a _. I graduated from _ University, with the major of_ After my graduation, I join _ company, and started working as a_ Im responsible for_ For some reasons, I changed my job to another company,_, I took the position of_, and was responsible for_ I was promoted to_ X years ago, based on my performance.Last year, I made the decision to pursue a MBA degree. I did this because I felt more and more desired to improve my management knowledge and abilities as my job becomes increasingly challenging. / I did this because I desired to make a career change.(2) 教育背景 I got my Bachelors Degree from _University in_, and my major was _. This major aims to teaching the students _ knowledge, and train them the ability of solving _problems. We had a wide range of courses during college, such as _ and so on.Besides my own major, I also took other courses like _. I was diligent in college and my grades were among the tops. In fact, I was awarded scholarships for _times during my school time. educational background I also actively took part in various campus and social activities. For example, I was _ for _ years, during which my practical abilities were improved a lot.Above all, my university has offered me a solid theoretical foundation, which proved to be very beneficial to my later career development.(3) 工作经验 I have been working for _ years since my graduation from college. I started my first job in _, which_. My position was a _ at that time, responsible for _. _ years later, I was promoted to the _, based on my work performance. Then, for some reasons, I changed my job to another company, _, after working in _ for _ years. My position in _ was the _, mainly responsible for _(improving sales,promoting brand image, and strengthening public relations. )working experience My job in _ was greatly appreciated, and I was awarded Outstanding Employees for many times. The biggest accomplishment during my work was that I improved sales by _% and cut operating cost by _% in _ months in _.Looking back upon my work history, Im so proud that my experience and practical ability has been improved so much. However, I guess its still not enough to meet the work challenges, thats why I took MBA last year.(4) 为什么以前曾经辞职？Well, I think there are some reasons why I quit my job_years ago from _ to my current position.First of all, the incentive system in _ was not very good. I mean, personal benefits are not closely related to ones work performance,so people would lack motivation to work hard;Another reason is that there was limited room for my further career development. My goal was to become the CFO in a big company, but the opportunity was slim in _;why do you quit your job? The last reason was that the job was not exactly what I liked most. In fact,I prefer a bit more challenging job, but my work in _was a little routine,and my interests and abilities could not be fully put into play.Whatever the reason, Im still thankful to _, which had offered me a very good opportunity to develop my abilities and improve my management skills.Key wordsthere are many reasons why I quit the job from A to Brelate benefits and performance togetherhave motivation to work.there is room for career development.my goal is to become.prefer challenging jobroutine jobsput interests into playdevelop ones abilities(5) 你的长处和短处是什么？ Well, there are some strengths of myself: Firstly, Im a fast learner and I can adapt to new environment in a short time;I like to face challenges so I keep updating my knowledge and skills.Secondly, I focus on details while having strategic vision.I could handle complicated interpersonal relationship. I am a hard worker and could finish tasks under great pressure.Your own weaknesses Talking about my weakness, I think I should work on my management ability. You know, I have a technical background, so sometimes I have problem to manage things and allocate resources properly, assign people with tasks, or keep things under control. Thats why Im eager to improve my management in this MBA program.Whats your major weak point? In my opinion, my major weakness are.First of all, I tend to drive and push myself too hard.I expect others to perform beyond their capacities.And also,Im always worry about the quality of my work and restrictive to myself and never feel quite satisfied with my performance.I sometimes want my colleague working as hard as me. I felt uncomfortable if they are not able to do so.(6) 在空余时间有什么爱好？ There are a lot of things that I do in my free time. I like sports very much and _ is my biggest favorite. Its always great to get together with my _ on weekends, and keep running around the ground for a few hours. It makes me physically stronger and totally refreshed. I also like reading much. Not too many people today can really sit down and read a book for more than 2 hours every day. But as I think, reading is a rewarding hobby, as it can make you mentally smarter. One more thing, I like to travel around. I enjoy talking to new people and get to know new customs and places.(7) 过去/现在工作中最大的成就是什么？ Actually, my past /current work experience is a chain of failures and achievements!Yet, talking about the biggest achievement, I think it was _ years ago, when I was the _in_company.The problem facing the company at that time is that it was troubled with high operating cost and low output efficiency.Vital structures In order to make the situation better, I worked with my mates on the Information System for half a year, and also brought forward our plans of how to better our warehouses and deliveries.The job was well done, and we successfully cut operating cost by _%. It was because of this that I was promoted to the _of this company.(8) 你的上司和同事如何评价你？ I guess my boss would say about me as:firstly, _ is a good guy,He/she worked very hard and his/her work performance was always good. He/she always fulfilled the objectives efficiently and he/she had made great contribution to the growth of our company. besides, His/her teamwork ability was perfect, and he/she knew how to cooperate with others to get job done.contiWhats more, he/she had demonstrated huge potential of management and leadership.lastly, He/she was creative, flexible and adaptive and had good communication ability.As to my mates, I think we have good relations both in the office and after work. To them, Im a honest and reliable friend to get along with, a humorous person to talk with.(9) 你的家庭(about family, marriage) There are four members in my family;My parents，my cute cat of 9 years old and me. My _ is a _ in _. He/she often goes out on business. So most of the housework is done by my industrious _. (ODA)_ at weekends is our common interest. The fresh air and natural beauty can help us get rid of tiredness. They can strengthen ourrelation，too. During my preparing for coming here， parents love and my support have always been my power. And I hope in future I will be able to repay them.(10) What if you fail this time? Well, Possible but ready.I will be sad because I made so many efforts to prepare for this and I fail, however I can still benefit myself by preparing it.Personally, I think I have tried my best, and Im trying my best in this interview, and Im confident I will stand out, though its possible I will not.(11) 为什么报考 MBA？ Well, it was _ years ago that I had the thought that I wanted to pursue a MBA degree. First of all, as I got higher on the position ladder,and assumed bigger responsibility, I began to feel that my management ability was gradually pulling me back in my career development. Second,I take MBA because I want to have a career change. I started working as_ _ years ago. I know how to _, but Im not very good at marketing and convert_ into profits. Third, I learnt a lot from my job during the past _ years. However， think further study is still urgent for I me to realize self-value. Life is precious. It is necessary to seize any chance for self-development ， especially in this competitive modern world.Thats why I hope MBA would help me in this respect.(12) plans in the postgraduate study If luckily I got the chance to learn _ in _University ， I will concentrate on the study and research in this field. First，I will hard to learn the theoretical knowledge，constructing a solid base for my future work;Second，I would like to do some practical work with the help of the teachers and classmates. And through this ， I can get something that cannot be acquired from the textbooks. I believe after 2 years oflearning，I can realize my dream and make myself to be a well-qualified person to benefit both family and workplace.Lecture 2 Brief Management Summary 11. Management Management is about how to lead a group of people ( or a team), to achieve a certain target, by making use of the limited resources effectively, and by scientific labor divisions.Managers usually do 4 things:planning,organizing,leading, directingcontrolling(1) PlanningPlanning: when you say we plan to reach one billion of sales next quarter, you are actually doing planning.Planning means we decide on our targets or the approaches to achieve them. Remember, the plan should be SMART, which means to say it has to be Specific, Measurable, Agreed. Realistic and Time-based.(2) Organizingorganizing: we divide job into small tasks, and assign them to qualified employees.One only has to report to one person in charge: specialist to supervisor,supervisor to manager, manager to director and so on.Make sure everyone has his own Clear Job Description. Objective.Performance Assessment List and etc.(3) LeadershipLeadership: you are the top one, you have to check if the team is workingefficiently and effectively.You need to constantly motivate them and maintain the morale. Apart from being the authority, you also need to walk out of the office and talk to your people.(4) ControllingControlling: you make sure if the team is working towards the target, andif there is any emergency, you get the problem fixed or the plan adjusted.One thing to remember is that a manager dont do planning today, and organizing tomorrow, in fact, most managers have to do the four functions at the same time.2. management styles中国知名企业的管理风格What are management styles of China well known corporations?你所在企业的管理风格和你个人获得的成就（也有人说：你的工作环境和管理风格，你的成功经验）(1) 四种风格Telling（命令式）Works best when employees are neither willing nor able to do the job(high need of