状语从句在语法填空及写作中的运用.doc

状语从句在语法填空及写作中的运用When in Rome do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。If a thing is worth doing, its worth doing well. 凡值得一做的事都值得做好。Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成（where there is life, there is hope） 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧All things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开头难。种类连接词注意区别：时间状语when/while/as/before/after/until/till /as soon as/hardlywhen/no soonerthan/名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句：theminute,themoment,everytime,thefirsttime/instantly/directly /immediately/by the timeas和when、while：when 引导短暂性动作的动词。as（一边.一边）引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生；“随着”， while指“在某一段时间里”，“在期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的。till/until和nottill/until：Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。地点状语where/whereverwhere，表示某一个地方；wherever，表示任何一个地方。原因状语because/as/since/now that/forbecause和since、for、as、now that：because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。Since/now that都表示“既然”now that一定要是现在发生的，since可以是现在，也可以是过去和现在。条件状语if/unless/once/in case/as long as/on condition that多用一般时态，如果表示一般将来的情况，就用一般现在时，如果表示过去将来的情况，就用一般过去时。目的状语(so) that,/in order that/for fear that/in case/lestso that和in order that后常接may, should, could, would等情态动词结果状语sothat, suchthatsuch 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。比较状语than/asas，not so/asas/the morethe more方式状语as if, as though, as, (just)asas if 和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。让步状语though / although / even if / even though/ as / while，no matter what / who / which / how / when, whatever / whoever / whichever / however / whenever as在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和though用正常语序，可和yet连用，但不可和but连用近年高考题荟萃 1. She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.A. when B. while C. after D. since2. My parents dont mind what job I do I am happy.A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though3. You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as4. All the dishes in this menu, otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. unless5.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A. if B. when C. which D. since6. _ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until 7.Im sorry youve been waiting so long， but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back. A. before B. since C. till D. after8. Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday _ it rains or its very cold.A. since B. if C. unless D. until9.in the fields on a March afternoon，he could feel the warmth of spring.ATo walk BWalking CWalked DHaving walked10.Youd better not leave the medicine kids can get at it.A. even if B. whichC. whereD. so that11. I wont call you，something unexpected happens. A. unlessB. whether C. becauseD. while12.Wheres that report? I brought it to youyou were in Mr. Blacks office yesterday. A. ifB. whenC. becauseD. before13. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees，but they have eggs or young chicks，they dont use a nest.A. why B. howC. unlessD. where14.when has the country been open to international trade? 1978，I suppose. A. SinceB. InC. FromD. After15. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the housethere is a power out. A. ifB. unlessC. in caseD. so that16. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice，they knew it to be valuable. A. as ifB. now that C. even thoughD. so that17.I really dont like art，I find his work impressive. A. AsB. SinceC. IfD. While18.youve tried it，you cant imagine how pleasant it is. A. UnlessB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. When19. If you are travelingthe customs are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do. A. in whichB. whatC. whenD. where20. In time of serious accidents，we know some basic things about first aid，we can save lives. A. whetherB. until C. ifD. unless21.How can you expect to learn anythingyou never listen？ A. in caseB. even if C. unlessD. when22.In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send helpthere is human suffering. A. whoeverB. however C. whateverD. wherever23.This is a very interesting book. Ill buy it，. A. how much may it cost B. no matter how it may cost C. however much it may cost D. how may it cost24. Id like to arrive 20 minutes earlyI can have time for a cup of tea.A. as soon asB. as a result C. in caseD. so that25. He tried his best to solve the problem，difficult it was.A. howeverB. no matter C. whatever D. although四、 状语从句写作优化1. 以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于after/before+doing sth.作状语。例：After she sang，she left the rich mans house = After singing，she left the rich mans house翻译：大学毕业之后，他到国外深造。_2. 以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语，此时的动词为非延续性动词。例：Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village= Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village翻译：警察赶到事故现场立即将伤者送往医院_3. 时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。例：She stopped when she saw her husband = She stopped to see her husband If you want to understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside =_，you must go to the countryside4. 结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。例：He was so tied that he couldnt go any further= He was too tied to go any further I came here so that I could ask some questions= I came here_ some questions5. 以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于when/while/if +doing sth.作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。例：When he turned on the radio，he found it broken= When turning on the radio，he found it brokenWhile she was walking along the street，she was hit by a car=_，she was hit by a car6. 原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。例：Since l didnt know Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English=_，I tried to speak to her in English注意：形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。例：As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house =_，he went into the tea-house7. 在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不一致时，可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为“with/without名词或代词十分词(短语)”形式作状语。例：When the film start appeared, the children got exited= The film start appearing，the children got exited If all the work is done, you can have a rest= _，you can have a rest Nothing can live if there is no air= _8. 让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语；不一致时，常简化为with或in spite of介词短语作状语。例：Although he faced his death，he didnt say anything before the enemy =_，he didnt say anything before the enemy. Although there was danger，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety = _，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety 9. 表示一就的结构 hardly/scarcelywhen/before, no soonerthan和as soon as都可以表示一就的意思， 注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构： 例：I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. = _（倒装） I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.= _（倒装）五As引导的让步状语从句的倒装：1形容词+as+主语+系动词：例：Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。2过去分词+as+主语+系动词：例：Well-known as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it.尽管这本书写得很好,作者还是不满意并打算修改它。3名词+as+主语+系动词：例：Student as he is, he does not study hard. 他虽然是个学生，但却不努力学习。4副词+as+主语+谓语部分：例：Much as I admire his courage, I dont think he acted wisely. 我虽然钦佩他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不明智的。5动词原形+as+主语+谓语的剩余部分：例：Try