M5Unit1Reading

Unit1GreatScientists Reading Scientists Archimedes 阿基米德 Warmingup 1 Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat AncientGreek 287 212BC CharlesDarwin 2 Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged TheOriginofSpecies Warmingup fatherofmodernbiology 3 Whoinventedthefirststeamengine ThomasNewcomen British 1663 1729 HeimprovedthefirststeampumpbuiltbyThomasSaveryin1698andturneditintoasteamenginefortakingwateroutofminesin1712 JamesWattimproveditstillfurtherinthe1770s ThomasNewcomen Warmingup GregorMendel Czech 1822 1884 Hegrewpeaplantsanddevelopedideasonheredity 遗传学 andinherited 继承 承传 characteristics Between1856 1863hegrew28 000peaplants GregorMendel 4 Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren Warmingup MarieCurie Warmingup 5 Whodiscoveredradium 6 Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities ThomasEdison LeonardodaVinci 7 Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople Warmingup SirHumphryDavy British 1778 1829 Hedidresearchintodifferentgasesanddiscoveredthemedicinalvalueofnitrous 含氮的 oxide 氧化物 orlaughinggas asananaesthetic 麻醉剂 In1815hedevelopedasafetylampforminers HumphryDavy 8 Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground Warmingup ZhangHeng Chinese 78 139 Heinventedthefirstseismograph 测震仪 地震仪 toindicateinthedirectionofanearthquake Itwasintheshapeofacylinder 圆筒形 witheightdragonheadsroundthetop eachwithaballinitsmouth 9 Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened Warmingup seismograph 10 Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes Warmingup Heis StephenHawking 10 Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes Warmingup StephenHawking British 1942 Hehasworkedinastronomyandstudiedblackholesinspace Hehasshownthatblackholesdonotonlyabsorbeverythingaroundthembut fromtimetotime throwoutmatteraswell AlexanderBellelectricityThomasEdisontheFirsttelephoneWrightBrotherstheelectricLampMadameCurieblackholesinUniverseFranklinTheoryofGravityStevenHawkingtheFirstPlaneAlbertEinsteinRadiumIsaacNewtontheTheoryofRelativity Scientists Contributions Pre reading Pre reading Pre reading Pre reading Cholera Itbeginsinthestomachandaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment Andthevictimsdiedveryquicklyfromalossofliquidafterseverevomiting 呕吐 anddiarrhea 腹泻 infectiousdiseases Theycanbespreadtootherpeople Theyhaveanunknowncause Theyaredifficulttocure Theyneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem Pre reading Skimming Whowasthegreatscientistinthepassageandwhatwasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday JohnSnowcholera Findthemainideaofeachparagraph CarefulReading Makingamaptoshowthedata Backgroundinformation Collectingdata Twotheories DefeatingCholera Supportingevidence Analyzethesourceofwater 4132765 Reading Numbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened JohnSnowbegantotesttwotheories AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854 JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap 1 2 4 Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease JohnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere KingCholerawasdefeated Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump 3 5 6 7 8 cause absorbed multiplied cure map prove source BroadStreet Manydeathshappenedhere Nodeathhappenedhere Thewaterfromthepumpwastoblame Publichouse drinkingthewater Pollutedwater examined extraevidence Awomanandherdaughterwholivedfarawaybutdrankthewateralsodied drawaconclusionThinkofamethodCollectresultsMakeaquestionFindaproblemAnalysetheresultsFindsupportingevidence Stagesinsettingoutanewscientificidea 陈述 阐明 Dicussing Drinkonlywaterthatyouhaveboiled Othersafedrinksincludeteaorcoffeemadewithboiledwaterandbottledbeverageswithnoice GroupDiscussion Eatonlyfoodthat sbeenthoroughlycookedandisstillhot orfruitthatyou vepeeledyourself Avoidundercookedorrawfish etc Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety ninepercentperspiration 天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上百分之