初三Unit1-15词组句型.doc

九年级英语词组和句型Unit 1by+doing sth 通过 by making flashcards 通过做单词抽认卡 read aloud 大声朗读 that way=in that way通过那种方式improve my speaking skills 提高我的会话技巧 get excited 高兴，激动for example例如 end up doing sth.终止做某事，结束做某事end up speaking in Chinese 以说汉语结束do a survey about 做有关的调查 askfor help 向某人求助spoken English 英语口语 make mistakes 犯错误 first of all首先to begin with一开始 later on 随后 practice doing sth.练习做某事in class在课堂上 laugh at 嘲笑 take notes记笔记 enjoy doing 喜欢做某事 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 write down 写下，记下 look up查阅，查询 make up组成、构成 deal with 对待，处理 worry about=be worried about担心，担忧be angry with 生某人的气 go by 消逝 regardas 把看作为 changeinto 把变成 with the help of 在的帮助下 try ones best to do sth 尽力去做某事break off 中断，突然终止 notat all 根本不，全然不also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间either 也（用于否定句）常在句末too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末too many许多修饰可数名词如：too many girls too much许多修饰不可数名词 如：too much milk much too太修饰形容词 如：much too beautiful1.How do you study for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备？ I study by making flashcards.我通过做单词抽认卡学。2.I have learned a lot that way. 用那种方法，我已经学到了很多东西。3.Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。4.He finds watching movies frustrating. 他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧. find sth./sb.+ adj. 发现/觉得做某事5.Having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. 和朋友对话根本没用。6.I dont have a partner to practice English with. 我没有搭档一起练习英语。7.He cant walk or even speak.他无法走路，甚至无法说话unless 假如不，除非 引导条件状语从句 如：You will fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力你会失败。 I wont write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写提建议的句子：What/ How about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping.Unit 2be interested in sth/doing sth对感兴趣 on the swim team 游泳队队员be terrified of 害怕 gym class 体操课 all the time 一直, 总是chat with 与闲聊 hardly ever 几乎不 as well as 不仅而且can afford sth/can afford to do sth 支付得起 make a decision 下决心get into trouble 遇到麻烦 to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是 take pride in 为感到骄傲 pay attention to留心, 注意in the end=at last=finally 最后, 终于 give up doing sth 放弃做某事with the light on 灯开着（on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开，其反义词off.） even though/if 即使 go to sleep 入睡1notany more/longer 不再 I dont play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球2as+形容词/副词+as sb. can/could尽某人的能力She run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。3used to do sth. 过去常做某事I used to be short when I was young. 我年轻时个子很矮。Did you use to have straight hair? 你过去是直发吗？ Yes, I did. 是的。 No, I didnt.不是。He used to be short, now he is tall. 他过去矮。但现在高。4It seems that +从句看起来好像如：It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。5不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等疑问词连用，构成不定式短语。如：The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。I dont know where to go. 我不知道去哪。6反意疑问句 肯定陈述句否定提问如：Lily is a student, isnt she? Lily will go to China, wont she? 否定陈述句肯定提问 如：She doesnt come from China, does she?You havent finished homework, have you?提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isnt she?陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如：He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they? 他们几乎不明白，不是吗？Unit 3allow sb to do sth 允许某人干(should/shouldnt)be allowed to do sth （应该/不应该）被允许干 sixteen-year-olds 16岁的孩子（名词） sixteen-year-old 16岁的（形容词）sixteen years old 16岁（指年龄） a fifteen-year-old boy 15岁的男孩Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15岁的人喜欢唱歌。I am fifteen years old . 我是15岁。on school nights 在上学期间的每个晚上 stay up 熬夜clean up清扫 fail a test 考试不及格 pass the test通过考试 take the test 参加考试 the other day 前几天 concentrate on 全神贯注于 at present 目前,现在learn from 向某人学习 have an opportunity to do sth 有做的机会 at least 至少 at most 最多 care about 关心,担心,在乎 get in the way of 妨碍 old peoples home 敬老院 haveoff 放假,休息reply to 回答,答复 agree with sth同意某事( 反义词disagree )be strict with sb.对某人严厉 be strict in sth. 对某事严谨1keep sb/ sth. 形容词使某人/某物保持We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。2花费 take ,cost, spend , pay sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.3倒装句: 由so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也是一样She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是 She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。4enough 足够 形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮 enough名词如：enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。5语态： 英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 被动语态的构成由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在 时am are +过去分词is English is spoken in many countries.一般过去 时was +过去分词were + 过去分词This bridge was built in 1989.情 态动 词can/shouldmay +be+过去分词must/The work must be done right now. 被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。1. I think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. 我认为应该允许16岁的孩子开车。2. I disagree . I think sixteen is too young.我不同意，我认为16岁这个年纪太年轻了。3. Do you think thirteen-year-olds should be allowed to have part-time jobs ? 你认为应该允许13岁的孩子们做兼职工作吗？ No , I dont . 不，我认为不应该。4. I think students should be allowed to do homework with friends. 我认为应该允许学生和朋友一起做作业。I disagree. They talk instead of doing homework.我不同意。他们讲话而不是做作业。Unit 4give it to charity 把它捐给慈善机构 medical research 医学研究What if 如果怎么样？get nervous 紧张in public 在公共场合 without permission 为经许可make friends with 与交朋友 not in the slightest 根本不 right away 马上 let down 使失望 come up with 提出、想出 addto把加进 plenty of 充足的，大量的get along with sb.=get on with sb.与相处 in fact 事实上 offer sb. sth.=off sth to sb给某人提供某物 come up with sth.提出 想出 come out 出版 by accident 偶然地have experience doing sth在做某事有经验if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气 通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：句 型条件从句主 句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词用were)would+动词原形 即：(从句) if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were)， 一般过去时(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 ， 过去将来时1. If I were you, I would wear a shirt and tie. 如果我是你，我就会穿衬衫打领带。2. If I were you, Id take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我就带把伞。3. What would you do if you won a million dollars? 如果你赚了一百万美元，你会做什么？4. What if I dont know anyone? 如果我一个人也不认识怎么办？5. would rather do sth. than do sth.= would do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿而不愿 如： I would rather walk than run.= I would walk rather than run.6. What are you like? I think Im outgoing.你的性格如何？我想我很外向。 What do you look like? Im thin and tall. 你的外貌如何？我高且瘦。Unit 5belong to属于 wear a suit穿西装 in our neighborhood 在我们附近his or her own idea她（他）自己的看法 an ocean of许许多多、无穷无尽的because of因为（接名词或代词） be careful小心 use up用完、用光escape from 从逃出来1.Whose notebook is this? It must be Nings. It has her name on it. 这是谁的笔记本？ 这肯定是宁的。在上面有她的名字。2.Whose French book is this? It could be Alis. She studies French. 这是谁的法语书？ 它可能是阿莉的。她学法语。3.Whose guitar is this? It might belong to Alice.She plays the guitar. 这是谁的吉他？ 它可能是爱丽思的。她弹吉他。4.Whose T-shirt is this? 这是谁的T恤衫？It cant be Johns.Its much too small for him.它不可能是约翰的。对于他来说，这件T恤衫太小。Unit 6prefer sth. 更喜欢某事 I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。prefer doing/ to do sth 宁愿做某事 I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。prefer sth to sth. 同相比更喜欢 I prefer dogs to cats. prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer walking to sitting.remindof使某人想起或意识到 dance to sth. 随着跳舞be important to sb对重要 Hong Taos latest movie洪涛最近的电影 over the years多年来（常用于现在完成时态） be sure to do sth.务必干one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式 其中之一on display展览，展出 come and go来来往往 feel sick感到恶心，不舒服 to be hones说实话 stay away from与保持距离 be in agreemen意见一致定语从句 定语从句在句中充当定语，由下列关系词引导：关系词功能先行词例句that,who主语 宾语表语Do you know the girl who/that is sing?whom宾语He is the boy whom/that I talked to yesterday.that,which主语 宾语 表语事物 时间 地点 原因I like music that I can dance to.The school (that/which) we visited yesterday is very famous.Ill never forget the days (that/which) we spent together.This is the museum (that/which) we visited yesterday.1. Rosa likes music thats quiet and gentle. Rosa喜欢轻柔的音乐。2. What kind of music do you like? 你喜欢什么样的音乐？I like music that I can sing along with. 我喜欢能随之歌唱的音乐3. What kind of singers do you love? 你喜欢什么样的歌星？I love singers who write their own music.我喜欢能自己作曲的歌星4. Why do you like this CD? 为什么你喜欢这个CD？This music is great because you can dance to it. 这个音乐很棒，因为你可以随着它跳舞。Unit 7go on vacation 去度假 trek through the jungle 徒步穿越丛林 some day 有朝一日 be supposed to do sth. 应该干 according to 根据，按照provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为了某人提供某物be willing to do sth. 愿意干 achieve ones dreams 实现梦想hold on to 保持，不要放弃 come true 实现 take it easy 从容，轻松thousands of 数以千计的 quite a few 相当多 dream of 梦想；向往 this time of year 一年中的这个时候 in general 通常 ,大体上, 一般而言as soon as possible 尽可能的快 continue doing/go on doing 继续做某事1想要做：would like to do sth. 想要：would like sth. 常用的句型有： What would you like to do? 你想要做什么？ I would like to visit GuiLin. 我想去参观桂林。 What would you like ? 你想要什么？I would like some tea. 我想来些茶。Would you like to go to my party? 你来不来参加我的晚会？(表邀请) Yes, Id love/ like to . No, thanks.Would you like some tea or coffee? 你是要点茶还是咖啡？Yes, Id love/ like. No. thanks.Where would you like to visit/ go? 你想去哪呢？(本单元的重点句)Id love to visit Mexico. 我想去观光墨西哥。I hope to go to France some day. 我希望有一天能去法国。Id like to go somewhere relaxing.我想去休闲的地方。 2For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Paris? 你的下一次渡假，何不考虑去巴黎观光呢？3 What else can you tell me? 你能告诉我其他的一些情况吗？Unit 8clean up 清扫 give out 分发，发放 cheer up 使.高兴，使.振作come up with=think up 提出，想出 put off doing sth 推迟做某事write down 写下，记下 put up 张贴 hand out 分发，发放 call up 打电话set up=establish 建立 be home to sb 是某人的家园 give away 捐赠volunteer ones time to do sth. 自愿花时间干.plan to do sth 计划干.打算干 take after 在性格或长相方面与父母相象run out of 用完，耗尽(主语为人) run out 用完，耗尽(主语为物)fix up 修理 be similar to 与.相似 ask for 索要 hang out 闲荡 for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问 help.out 帮助.解决难题（摆脱困境）disabled people 残疾人 fillwith. 用.填充.1.not only but (also) “不但 而且” 用来连接两个并列的成分 (1)引导以 not only but (also) 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如： Not only can I do it ,but (also) I can do best. 我不仅能做到而且做得最好。 Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 帮助别人不但自己感到快乐，而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。 (2)Not onlybut (also) 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化而变化。 也就是就近原则 如： Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。 Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。2常见的就近原则的结构有： 1）Neither nor即不也不 (两者都不)Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。 2） Either or 不是就是 (两者中的一个) Either Lily or you are a student. 3）Not only but (also) 4）There be Unit 9be used for doing用来做 by mistake 错误地 by accident意外 偶然fall into 落入 掉进 quite a beautiful girl= a very beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩 including（介词）包括 knock into 撞上(某人) divide sth. into 将划分成since then 自从那以后(常与完成时 态连用)Since then, I have left Beijing. 自从那以后，我已经离开了北京。1. When was the car invented？ It was invented in 1985. 汽车是什么时候发明的？ 它是在1985年发明的。2. Who were they invented by？ They were invented by Julie Thompson. 他们是被谁发明的？ 他们是被Julie Thompson发明的. 3. What are they used for？ Theyre used for seeing in the dark. 他们是被用做什么用的。 他们是被用来照明的。Unit 10by the time 直到时候 on time 按时 准时 give sb. a ride 让某人搭便车 go off (闹钟)闹响 break down 坏掉 show up 出现 出席set off 激起 引起 set up 建立 get marrie结婚 a piece of 一片/块/张 1英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 leave + 地点 ，而不是forget+地点。如：Unluckily, I left my book at home. 不幸的是，我把书忘在家里了。2by the time“直到时候” 指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间。 如：By the time we got to his house, he had finished supper. 在我们到他家时，他就已经吃完了晚饭。3so that 如此以致于（so后面接形容词、副词.）如：She was so sad that she couldnt say a word. 她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。so that“为了，以便”表目的或结果。如：She got up early so that she could catch the bus. 为了能赶上车，她起得很早。 4过去完成时 (1) 构成：由助动词had + 过去分词 构成 否定式：had not + 过去分词 缩写形式：hadnt (2) 用法 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。 (3) 它所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示也可以用when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句来表示 还可以通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。When I got there, you had already eaten you meal. 当我到达那里时，你已经开始吃了。By the time he got here, the bus had left. 当他到达这里时，汽车已经离开了Unit 11make a telephone call 打电话 save money 省钱、存钱 dress up as 打扮成.take the elevator / escalator to the floor.乘电梯/自动扶梯到楼turn left / right向左/ 右转 go past 经过 go straight 向前直走a good place to hang out一个闲荡的好地方 depend on依赖、决定于prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 such as 例如hand in 上交问路常用的句子： Do you know where is ? Can you tell me how can I get to ?Could you tell me how to get to ？1. Do you know where I can get a dictionary? 你知道我在哪里能买到字典？2. Could you tell me how to get to the post office? 你能告诉我邮局怎么走吗？3. Can you please tell me where I can get some magazines? 你能告诉我在哪儿能买到一些杂志？4. Could you please tell me if there are many good museums? 你能告诉我这里有没有好的博物馆？5. Yes. Theres a fascinating science museum. 有，有一家迷人的科技馆。6. The museum is really interesting. 那所博物馆真的很有趣。7. Turn left / right. Take the escalator to the second floor. 向左转/向右转。乘扶梯上二楼。8. The drugstore is between the furniture store and the bookstore. 药店在家具店和书店之间。9. The bank is next to the bookstore. 银行在书店旁边。10. Go past the bank.走过银行。Unit 12be surposed to do sth应该做 shake hands握手 drop by 访问,看望,串门 after all 毕竟,终究 without 没有 pick up 捡起 point at 指向wonder想知道 make plans to do sth. 打算做某事( make plans for sth.)get/be used to doing sth.习惯于 be used for doing