职称英语考试-模拟试题-2010年职称英语理工类阅读判断练习(2)

职称英语理工类阅读判断练习(2)They say Irelands the BestIreland is the best place in the world to live in for , according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britains Economist magazine last week.The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.The index of 1 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life”.Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤), gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of .That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest(最差的) , picking up only 3. 89 points.“Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued, ” the report said, “some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown(崩溃) in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.“Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life.”The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics.No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP (人均国内生产总值) after Luxembourg, took the th place in the survey. China was in the lower half the league at 60th.a) For 2,0 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.A. right B. wrong C. not mentionedb) Job security is the least important measure of life quality.A. right B. wrong C. not mentioned3. Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.A. right B. wrong C. not mentioned4. Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable.A. right B. wrong C. not mentioned5. Ireland is positioned at No. 1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old.A. right B. wrong C. not mentioned6. To measure life quality is easy.A. right B. wrong C. not mentioned7. The United States of America is among the top countries.A. right B. wrong C. not mentioned阅读判断解析及参考答案：1. B. 分析： 问题句说“在的时间里，爱尔兰一直是最适合人类居住的地方。” 句子中的时间状语结构恰恰就是我们所说的一种可作为线索的特征结构(因为数字容易在文章中被查找到)， 我们利用2,0作为答案线索，这样在文章中找到答案相关句：Ireland is the best place in the world to live in for , according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britains Economist magazine last week.划线结构中提到的是“for (对而言)”， 不是问题句中说的“For 2,0 years(在的时间里)”， 而且划线结构说“爱尔兰是世界上最适合居住的地方” ， 显然这个内容与问题句的内容不一致， 因此判断问题句的说法错误。2. C. 分析：问题句说“职业稳定是衡量生活质量的最不重要的标准。”利用题干中出现的核心短语“(主语)Job security/职业稳定”和“(表语)life quality/生活质量”作为答案线索，同时关注题干中出现的修饰结构“the least important/最不重要的”， 这样找到答案相关句：Ireland is the best place in the world to live in for , according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britains Economist magazine last week.The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.The index of 1 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life”. 题干中的核心短语分散在了两个句子中， 但是在这两个看似与问题句相关的句子中并没有出现比较的结构，推测这道题可能在考察考生的推断能力。 第一个划线句说“根据上周出现在英国经济学家杂志上的生活质量排名，爱尔兰是世界上最适合居住的地方。”这句话的内容与问题句不相关，第2个划线句说“1个国家使用的标准除了包括那本杂志上提到的“自由，家庭和社会生活”这方面的数据， 还涉及到了有关收入， 健康， 失业， 气候， 政治稳定性， 职业稳定， 和性别平等的数据内容。”这句话表明“工作稳定与收入， 健康等这些内容共同组成衡量标准”，而且前一个划线句提到“爱尔兰在生活质量排名中位于第一位”， 因此可以推断出这1个国家应该是参加“生活质量”排名的国家，当然这些国家所使用的标准也就是“衡量生活质量标准”，但是文章中并没有对“职业稳定”等这些衡量标准进行比较， 没有说哪方面的因素最重要的/最不重要的衡量标准。因此判断这个问题句的说法为“没提到”。3. A.分析：问题句说“爱尔兰的生活费用高”。 利用题干中的核心短语“(主语)Cost of living/生活费用”作为答案线索， 同时关注题干中出现的修饰结构“pretty high/相当高”，这样找到答案相关句：Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤), gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of . 题干的核心短语和修饰结构都出现在这个句子中，因此判断这个句子很可能就是直接答案相关句，该句说“尽管气候恶劣， 健康机构混乱， 交通拥挤， 性别歧视仍然存在， 生活费用高，爱尔兰所获得的分数仍然给人留下了深刻的印象：满分为十分,爱尔兰获得了8.33分”。根据这个句子的内容可以知道“爱尔兰的生活费用高”，因此问题句的说法与原文的说法一致。4. C. 分析：问题句说“在津巴布韦家庭生活是不稳定的”。利用题干中的核心结构“(主语)Family life/家庭生活”和特征词“Zimbabwe/津巴布韦”作为答案线索，同时关注题干中出现的修饰结构“not stable(不稳定的)”， 发现题干中的核心词Family life根本就没有在文章中出现 (文章中相关的句子：Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest(最差的) , picking up only 3. 89 points.)， 因为判断该问题句为“没提到”。5. A. 分析：问题句说“爱尔兰位居第一，因为它把新时期里最理想的因素和过去的一些好的东西融合在一起。”利用题干中出现的特征词No. 1作为答案线索， 同时关注问题句中出现的修饰结构“the most desirable (elements)/最理想的” 和“some good (elements)/一些好的”， 这样找到答案相关句：Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤), gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of .That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest(最差的) , picking up only 3. 89 points.“Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued, ” the report said, “some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown(崩溃) in traditional institutions and family values in part take away form a positive impact.“Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life.” 在这个斜体句中直接出现了问题句中的一个修饰结构the most desirable，推测句子中“Ireland wins(爱尔兰获胜了)”可能与题干中的特征结构“爱尔兰位居第一”呼应，“certain warm”可能与题干中的另一个修饰结构“一些好的”呼应，这个句子很可能就是直接答案相关句， 该句说“爱尔兰获胜了，因为它成功地把新时期最理想的因素和对过去某些温暖的东西(如稳定的家庭和社会生活)的保护结合了起来。” 从这个句意上看“温暖的东西” 就是“好的东西”， 所以现在只需要确认“Ireland wins(爱尔兰获胜了)”就是指“爱尔兰位居第一”。 在前文中我们看到“爱尔兰获得的分数给人留下了深刻的印象”(划线句)，接着看到“这使它远远高于第2名瑞士”(划线句)， 因此判断原文中说的“Ireland wins(爱尔兰获胜了)”