同等学力研究生英语训练题.doc

模拟试卷三Part I Oral Communication (15 minutes, 10 points)Section ADirections: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A,B and C, taken from the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Dialogue OneA. Just my cameras, my clothes, and some booksB. World you mind opening the bag for meC. What is the purpose of your visit to the United StatesOfficer: May I see your passport please?Charles: Here is my passport. And this is declaration form.Officer: 1.Charles: Business. I have a trade convention Im attending in Chicago. Officer: This visa is good for two weeks. Do you intend to stay longer than that?Charles: No. I will fly back twelve days from now. Officer: What do you have in the bag?Charles: 2. Officer: Youre not carrying any food with you today?Charles: No. Officer: Okay. 3? This is just a routine check.Charles: Alright. Officer: Okay, everything is fine. Enjoy your trip.Charles: Thank you. Dialogue TwoA. we are all booked up for Flight 802 on that day.B. what about the fareC. Id like to make a reservation to Boston next weekAgent: Good morning. The United Airlines. What can I do for you?Caller: Yes, 4.Agent: When do you want to fly?Caller: Monday, September 12.Agent: We have Flight 802 on Monday. Just a moment please. Let me check whether therere seats available. Im sorry 5.Caller: Then, any alternatives?Agent: The next available flight leaves at 9:30 Tuesday morning September 13. Shall I book you a seat?Caller: Er It is a direct flight, isnt it?. Agent: Yes it is. You want to go first class or coach?Caller: I prefer first class, 6.Agent: One way is 176.Caller: Ok I will take the 9:30 flight on Tuesday.Agent: A seat on Flight 807 to Boston 9:30 Tuesday morning. Is it all right, sir?Caller: Certainly.Section BDirections: In this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.A. And that variation can affect that standards of the whole countryB. Is it really worth that muchC. How did you check the scales beforeD. What would you like to knowInterviewer: Dr. Thomas? Id like to ask you some questions about the new official standard weight that you purchased.Dr. Thomas: Id be happy to help you. _7_?Interviewer: First of all, how was the standard weight used?Interviewer: I think it is very well.Dr. Thomas: Well, the people in our department use it to check the scales all over the country. The department of weights and measures, we are a government agency. Its our responsibility to see that all the scales measure a kilogram accurately so this is the way we used to adjust the scales.Interviewer: 8_?Dr. Thomas: We have an old standard weight that we used to use. It had to be replaced because it was imprecise. You see it was made of poor quality metal and absorbed too much moisture.Interviewer: So when the weather was humid it weighed more and when it was day it weighed less.Dr. Thomas: Exactly. _9_. So our department had the new weight made out of higher quality metal.Interviewer: How much did it cost?Dr. Thomas: About 45,000 dollars.Interviewer: 45,000 dollars? For one kilogram weight? Thats more expensive than gold. _10_?Dr. Thomas: Im sure it is. Industries depend on our government agency to monitor the accuracy of scales so that when they buy and sell their products there is one standard. Think of the drug industry, for example, those companies rely on high accuracy scales to manufacture and package medicine.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 Points)Section ADirections: In this section, there are 10 sentences with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11. If a cat comes too close to its nest, the mockingbird initiates a set of actions to protect its offspring.A. hastens B. triggers C. devises D. releases12. Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. A. Tension B. Excitement C. Fear D. Nervousness13. Lighting levels are carefully controlled to fall within an acceptable level for optimal reading convenience. A. ideal B. required C. optional D. standard14. In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed. A. result B. judgment C. decision D. event15. The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident. A. secrets B. details C. benefits D. words16. Today black children in South Africa are still reluctant to study subjects from which they were effectively barred for so long. A. anxious B. curious C. opposed D. unwilling17. The exhibition is designed to facilitate further cooperation between Chinese TV industry and overseas TV industries. A. establish B. maximize C. guarantee D. promote18. You have to play a(n) premium for express delivery. A. extra charge B. extra price C. extra tip D. extra bonus19. The workers in that factory manufacture furniture. A. promote B. paint C. produce D. polish20. Were happy to report that business is booming this year. A. failing B. open C. successful D. riskyPart III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points)Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage One The rich have traditionally passed their wealth to their children. But an increasing number of billionaires are choosing not to. The reason? They want their children to live on themselvesand not to turn into spoiled successors. Nicola Horlick or “supermom”, a famous British billionaire, owing to the fact that she has high-flying jobs and five kidshas spent her career making a report 250m. She now seems determined to throw off large parts of it. She already gives away about 25% of her income each year; she has just revealed, in a report on the state of charity in the city, that she will not be leaving most of the remainder to her children. “I think it is wrong to give too much inherited wealth to children,” Horlick told the reports authors. “I will not be leaving all my wealth to my children because that would just ruin their lives.” She is by no means the first to go public with this conviction. Bill Gates has put an estimated $30bn into the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. This was supplemented, in 2009, by another $24bn or so from his friend Warren Buffett. Buffett has always been colorful, quotably clear on where he stands. His daughter often tells a story of finding herself without change for a car parking tickether father lent her $20, then promptly made her write him a check. “To suggest that the children of the wealthy should be just as wealthy,” he has said, “is liking saying the members of Americas 2004 Olympic team should be made up only of the children of the 1980 Olympic team”. Antia ROddick, the late founder of the Body Shop, told her kids that they would not inherit one penny. The money that she made from the company would go into the Body Shop Foundation, which isnt one of those awful tax shelters, like some in America. It just functions to take the money and give it away.21. The billionaires mentioned in the passage dont want to leave much of their wealth to their children because . A. they prefer to give their wealth to charity B. they want their business to go on healthilyC. they believe too much wealth will harm their childrenD. they hope their children can make more money themselves22. What do we learn about Nicola Horlick?A. She has already given away about 25% of her wealth. B. She is the first one who declares to give away her wealth. C. She will leave only a small portion of her wealth to her kids. D. She inherited most of her wealth from her parents.23. Buffett distinguishes himself for _.A. his clear-cut position B. being strict with his children C. his talent in financial management D. being a giant in the stock market24. According to Buffetts daughter, her father _. A. refuses to lend her money B. wants her to invest in the Olympic Games C. never gives her more money than necessary D. always makes sure that she returns his money25. It is implied in the last paragraph that some foundations are used by the rich to _. A. provide shelter for the poor B. build good fame C. avoid paying tax D. support their business26. The attitude of the writer toward that billionaires dont pass their wealth to their children is _.A. negative B. positive C. objective D. casualPassage Two Much has been written about poverty but none of the accounts seem to get at the root of the problem. It must be noted that the debilitating effects of poverty are not only the result of lack of money but are also the result of powerlessness. The poor are subject to their social situation instead of being able to affect it through action, that is, through behavior that flows from an individuals decisions and plans. In other words, when social scientists have reported on the psychological consequences of poverty, it seems reasonable to believe that they have described the psychological consequences of powerlessness. The solution to poverty most frequently suggested is to help the poor secure more money without otherwise changing the present power relationships. This appears to implement the idea of equality while avoiding any unnecessary threat to the established centers of power. But since the consequences of poverty are related to powerlessness, not to the absolute supply of money available to the poor, and since the amount of power purchasable with a given supply of money decreases as a society acquires a large supply of goods and services, the solution of raising the incomes of the poor is likely, unless accompanied by other measures, to be ineffective in a wealthy society. In order to reduce povertyrelated psychological and social problems in the United States, the major community will have to change its relationship to neighborhoods of poverty in such fashion that families in the neighborhoods have a greater interest I the broader society and can more successfully participate in the decision-making process of the surrounding community. Social action to help the poor should have the following characteristics; the poor should see themselves as the source of the action; the action should effect in major ways the preconceptions of institutions and persons who define the poor; the action should demand much in effect or skill; the action should be successful self-originated important action should increase the feeling of potential worth and individual power of individuals who are poor. The only initial resource which a community should provide to neighborhoods of poverty should be on a temporary basis and should consist of organizers who will enable the neighborhoods quickly to create powerful, independent, democratic organizations of the poor. Through such organizations, the poor will then negotiate with the outsiders for resources and opportunities without having to submit to concurrent control from outside.27. By “powerless” (sentence 2, Para 1), the author most probably means that the poor _A. have no right to make individual decisions and plans.B. cannot exercise control over other groups of people.C. are not in a condition to change their present situation.D. are too weak to resist any social situation imposed on them.28. The author expresses his opinion in the first paragraph that _.A. the hopeless condition of the poor is caused by their powerlessness rather than lack of money.B. great efforts should be made to help poor to secure more money without changing present power relationships.C. it is no use raising the incomes of the poor while not improve their state of powerlessness.D. in helping the poor attention should be paid to avoiding any unnecessary threat to the established centers of power.29. Social action to help the poor should have the characteristics include_. A. the poor should see themselves as the source of the action B. the action should effect in major ways preconceptions of institutions C. the action should demand much in effect or skill D. all of the above30. According to the author, the primary role of the major community in helping the neighborhoods of poverty is _.A. to provide long-term assistance from outsideB. to offer necessary opportunities of securing more moneyC. to carry out more social programs in the neighborhoodsD. to lend experienced advice in the formation of democratic self-help organizations31. What does the word “concurrent” (Para.3) most probably mean?A. Following B. Subsequent C. Previous D. Simultaneous32. The main purpose of the author in writing the passage is _A. to criticize the present methods employed to help the poorB. to analyze the social and psychological aspects of povertyC. to propose a way in which the poor can be more effectively helpedD. to describe the attitude of the community towards the poorPassage Three Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the Websites youve visited, or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits. In fact, its likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seenthe 21st century equivalent of being caught naked. Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it is important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs (碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret. The key question is: Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is “no”. When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me.” But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in a effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(优惠券)。 But privacy does matterat least sometimes. Its like health: When you have it you dont notice it. Only when its gone do you wish youd done more to protect it.33. Why does the author list several cases that your information can be accessed without your permission? A. To introduce the topic. B. To remind the importance of privacy. C. To inform what 21st century is like. D. To call for the action against the spread of website.34. What does the author mean by saying “the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked”? A. Peoples personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge. B. In the 21st century people try every means to look into others secrets. C. People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age. D. Criminals are easily caught in the spot with advanced technology.35. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends? A. Friends should open their hearts to each other. B. Friends should always be faithful to each other. C. There should be a distance even between friends. D. There should be fewer disputes between friends.36. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?A. They change behaviors do with regard to privacy protection?B. They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.C. They rely more and more on electronic devices.D. They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it. Passage Four DNA testing reveals the genes of each individual person. Since the early twentieth century scientists have known that all human characteristics are contained in a persons genes and are passed from parents to children. Genes work as a chemical instruction manual for each part and each function of the body. Their basic chemical element is called DNA, a copy of which can be found in every cell. The existence of genes and the chemical structure of DNA were understood by the mid-1900s, but scientists have only recently been able to identify a person from just a drop of blood or a single