Unit 3 Comparison and Contrast.ppt

Unit3 Comparison Contrast 对比与对照 LearningContent Aim 1 LearningContent Thisunitisaproject basedstudyongeneticallymodifiedfoodsandfoodsafety 2 LearningAim Thisunitisaimedatourlearningtoevaluate synthesizeandorganizetheinformationinthepatternofcomparisonandcontrast Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast 1 Information arrangingApproachesTherearegenerallytwoapproachesofarranginginformation 1 Classification2 ComparisonandContrast2 Comparisonvs Contrast1 Comparisonsshowsimilaritiesamongthingsandideaswhilecontrastsemphasizedifferencesamongthingsandideas 2 Thepurposeofcomparisonandcontrast a toobservetwoormorethingsinabetterway b toshowthesuperiorityofonethingoveranother c toexplainsomethingwhichisunfamiliartothereader Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast Reading1ElectricVehiclesandGasVehicles P66 NewWords 1 Electricvehicle 电动汽车2 Gasvehicle 燃油汽车3 Autoindustry 汽车产业4 Churnout 快速且大量地生产5 DodgeCircuitEV 道奇电路电动车 electric powered 6 DodgeChallenger 道奇挑战者 gas powered 7 Musclecar 肌肉车8 Boldlook 狂野的外形9 Standardfeature 标准配置10 lithium ionbattery 锂电池 Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast Reading1ElectricVehiclesandGasVehicles P66 NewWords 11 Gasguzzling 耗油的12 V8engine V8引擎内燃机 8个气缸成V型排列 13 gasoline 汽油14 Refuelagasvehicle 给燃油汽车加油15 Berefinedtogasoline 被提炼成汽油16 Rechargeanelectricvehicle 给电动汽车充电17 Astandardhouseholdoutlet 家用标准插座 接口18 socket 插座19 Chargingstation 充电站20 PlugAintoB 将A电器插入B插座中 Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast Reading1ElectricVehiclesandGasVehiclesQuestions P66 1 Whatarethetwosubjectsbeingcomparedandcontrastedinthispassage Electricvehiclesandgasvehicles 2 Inwhichaspectdoesthepassagecomparethem Theenergytheyuse thedistance thecostandconvenience Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast Reading1ElectricVehiclesandGasVehiclesQuestions P66 3 Whatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwosubjects Similarities theappearanceofmusclecars allthestandardfeaturesandtheycanperformsimilarly Differences a EnergyEV lithium ionbatteryisused sofarlessenergyGV guzzlingV8engineisused sofarmoreenergyb DistanceEV 150 200milesGV 14milespergalloninthecityand22onthehighway Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast Reading1ElectricVehiclesandGasVehiclesQuestions P66 3 Whatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwosubjects Differences c CostEV 6to 12aweekGV 5agallond ConvenienceGV manypeopleandmuchenergyareusedtorefuelEV onlyneedtoplugandrechargeitintoanoutlet Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast Reading1ElectricVehiclesandGasVehiclesQuestions P66 4 Howdoesthepassageorganizethesimilaritiesanddifference Thewritercomparesandcontrastsbothvehiclesitemafteritem Insuchapattern thewriterstructureshisparagrapharoundpointsofcomparisonandcontrast movingbackandforthbetweenthesubjects 5 Whichismoreeffective a listallsimilaritiesofthetwosubjects thentheirdifferences b listthesimilaritiesanddifferencesofonesubject thentheothersubject s Theformerone listallsimilaritiesofthetwosubjects thentheirdifferences Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast UsingEnglishtoCompareandContrast P67 1 Whatarethecommonlyusedphrasesincomparisonandcontrast Sincecomparisonandcontrastisexaminingtwoormoresubjects itemstodiscovertheirsimilaritiesanddifferences thefollowingphrasesarecommonlyusedtoexpresstheirrelationships 1 Phrasestoexpresssimilarities a AislikeB AissimilartoB AiscomparabletoB AisasimportantasBb AresemblesB AparallelsBc Equally A Likewise A Similarly A Inasimilarway A Inasimilarmanner A Inasimilarfashion A Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast UsingEnglishtoCompareandContrast P67 1 Whatarethecommonlyusedphrasesincomparisonandcontrast Sincecomparisonandcontrastisexaminingtwoormoresubjects itemstodiscovertheirsimilaritiesanddifferences thefollowingphrasesarecommonlyusedtoexpresstheirrelationships 2 Phrasestoexpressdifferences a AisunlikeB AisdifferentfromB AdiffersfromBb UnlikeA Bis IncontrasttoA Bis ComparedwithA Bis IncomparisonwithA Bis c AisheavierthanB AismorecostlythanB AislessabundantthanB AisnotasintelligentasB Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast EatingFreshFoodsorCannedFoods P68 NewWords 1 cannedfood 罐装食品2 flavor n 食物的 芬芳 香气3 nutrition n 营养4 convenience n 方便5 lifestyle n 生活方式 Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast EatingFreshFoodsorCannedFoods P68 Thelearningofthispartisconvertedintoparagraphdictation Paragraph3 What smore thereisahealthfactorthataffectsbothofthem Cannedfoodlosessomeoftheoriginalfreshfoodnutrientswhenstored andalsohastobetinnedwithmanypreservativesandchemicalfactorsthatprolongtheshelflifeandapparentfreshnessofthefoodbutcouldbecometoxicifconsumedtoooften Freshfood ontheotherhand oftencomesstraightfromafarmandhasallthenutrientsMotherNatureintendedforit Task1 FamiliarizingYourselfwithComparison Contrast EatingFreshFoodsorCannedFoods P68 Thelearningofthispartisconvertedintoparagraphdictation Paragraph4 Aswecansee freshfoodoffersmanybenefitsthatcannedfoodlacks Therefore aninformeddinershouldalwayschoosetoeatfreshfood Afterall wecouldallusefreshfoodtoimproveourhealth Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcessesNewWords 1 geneticallymodifiedfood 转基因食品2 organicfood 有机食品3 empiricalresult 实证研究或分析的结果4 concur vi beinagreement 意见一致5 inherent adj beingthenaturalpartofsth 内在的 生来就有的6 combatobesity 抵制 治疗肥胖7 attribute n inherentcharacteristic 生来具有的特征8 ethics n 伦理道德9 warrant vt 使有正当理由 Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses1 Workwithapartneroragroupof3 4students StudythetitleofReading2anddiscussthefollowingquestions P70 1 Doyouknowaboutorganicfoodandgeneticallymodifiedfoodandtheirdifferences Organicfoodreferstothefoodmadefromnaturally growncropswithoutanyartificialchemicals Organicfoodisgenerallyconsideredtobehealthy Geneticallymodifiedfoodreferstothefoodmadefromthecrops someofwhosegeneshavebeenmodified Geneticallymodifiedfoodisgenerallyconsideredtobeunhealthy Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses1 Workwithapartneroragroupof3 4students StudythetitleofReading2anddiscussthefollowingquestions P70 2 TickthecontentthatthewriterwillmostprobablyincludeinhisessayentitledPerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses a Thesimilaritiesbetweenorganicandgeneticallymodifiedfoods b Thedifferencesbetweenorganicandgeneticallymodifiedfoods c Theclassificationsoforganicandgeneticallymodifiedfoods d Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesoforganicandgeneticallymodifiedfoods e Thesignificanceofpeople sperceptions f Thewaystocompareandcontrastorganicandgeneticallymodifiedfoods Y Y Y Y Y Y N Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses1 Workwithapartneroragroupof3 4students StudythetitleofReading2anddiscussthefollowingquestions P70 3 Whatwouldyouwriteifyouhadtowriteanessayentitled PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses Open Referencesforyou a Thedefinitionsoforganicfoodandgeneticallymodifiedfood b Thesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenorganicfoodandgeneticallymodifiedfood c Theadvantagesandthedisadvantagesoforganicfoodandgeneticallymodifiedfood Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses2 ReadthefollowingquestionsandscanReading2fortheiranswers P71 72 1 WhatisthefocusofthecurrentstudyofGMfoodandorganicfood Consumerperceptionsoforganicprocessesandproductsandthoseinvolvingbiotechnology 2 Whatarethefourconceptareasmentionedinthepassage Health environment riskandethics 3 Whatisthesignificanceofthecurrentstudy Nostudyhasdirectlyelicited vt 引出 得出 诱出 comparableattitudesaboutorganicandGMproductsandprocesses Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses2 ReadthefollowingquestionsandscanReading2fortheiranswers P71 72 4 What stheaverageresponsetoorganicfoodandGMfoodintermsofhealth Theaverageparticipantslightly butnotstrongly agreedwiththepositivelywordedhealthattributes e g organicfoodishealthier anddisagreedwiththenegativelywordedhealthattributes e g organicfoodislesshealthy TheaverageresponseaboutthehealthfulnessofGMfoodswasgenerallyneutral Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses2 ReadthefollowingquestionsandscanReading2fortheiranswers P71 72 5 Incomparisonwithtraditionalfood whichwasthoughttohavehigherlevelsofnutrients organicorGMfood Bothwerethoughttohavehigherlevelsofnutrientsthantraditionalfood 6 Whichfoodisperceivedbyconsumerstobeenvironmentallyfriendly Generally consumersperceiveorganicfoodasenvironmentallyfriendly 7 Whichisperceivedbyconsumerstopossessahigherlevelofrisk organicorGMfood RespondentsperceivedGMfoodsaspossessingahigherlevelofriskthanotherclassesoffood Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses2 ReadthefollowingquestionsandscanReading2fortheiranswers P71 72 8 Whatisoneofthedrivingforcesforpeople spurchaseoforganicfood Socialacceptabilityisonemotivedrivingthepurchaseoforganicfood 9 DidtherespondentsobjecttoGMfoodforethicalreasons RespondentsdidnothavemajorethicalobjectionstoGMfood 10 WhatpercentageofpeopleagreethatGMcanimprovethelifeofthepeople Fifty twopercent Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses3 Matchthetargetwordswiththedefinitionsbelow Youmayinfertheirmeaningfromcontext P76 77 1 verycommoninaparticularplaceoramongaparticulargroup2 theabilitytonoticethings especiallywiththesenses3 neitherverygreatnorverysmallinsize amountordegree4 anabstractorgeneralidea5 goodorusefulinaparticularsituation6 aqualityorcharacteristicthatsomeoneorsomethinghas7 producedwithoutusingartificialchemicals p prevalent a perception i moderate f construct q advantageous k attribute g organic Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses3 Matchthetargetwordswiththedefinitionsbelow Youmayinfertheirmeaningfromcontext P76 77 8 thenumberoramountofsomethingingeneral9 asubstanceinfoodthatplants animalsandpeopleneedtolive10 togetinformationorreactionfrom11 clearlyandexactly12 tomakeanactionseemreasonableornecessary13 existingasanessentialcharacteristic14 personwhoanswersarequestforinformation h volume l nutrient d elicit g explicitly b warrant m inherent t respondent Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticles Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses3 Matchthetargetwordswiththedefinitionsbelow Youmayinfertheirmeaningfromcontext P76 77 15 basedonrealexperienceorscientificexperiment16 tobetheoppositeofwhatsomeonesays17 beingtoofatinawaythatistoodangerousforhealth18 tomakeanillnessgoaway19 havingnopersonalpreference20 areasonfordoingsomething e empirical j contradict o obesity n cure s neutral r motive Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticle Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses4 ReadingStrategy SkimmingforMainIdeas P72 Whatdoesskimmingreferto Skimmingreferstoreadingveryquicklytojustlookattheheadingsandsubheadingsandthefirstlinesofeachsectionorparagraph ortonoticethekeywordsthatarerepeatedthroughthetext forthepurposeofunderstandingthegist 主旨 要点 thegeneralideaofthetext Task3 ReadingComparison ContrastArticle Reading2 PerceptionsofGeneticallyModifiedandOrganicFoodsandProcesses4 ReadingStrategy SkimmingforMainIdeas P72 Howtoskim a Tolookatthetitle b Tolookatthesectionheadings ifany c Tolookatthefirstandthelastparagraphs d Tolookatthefirstandthelastsentencesinparagraphs e Tolookatabstractand orconclusionsection Howtoskimabook Ifyouskimabook lookatthecontentspage foreword 序言 前言 orintroduction Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast HowtoOrganizeaComparisonandContrastEssay P81 82 1 Comparisonvs Contrasta Acomparisonmakesapointbydiscussingthesimilaritiesbetweentwoormoretopicsb Acontrastmakesapointbydiscussingthedifferencesbetweentwoormoretopics 2 Howtosupportapointthroughcomparisonorcontrast a Identifythecomparablepointsofthetopicb Offerrelevantandconcretedescriptionsandexamplesforeachcomparablepointc Usecoordinationandsubordinationofideaseffectively Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast HowtoOrganizeaComparisonandContrastEssay P81 82 3 Howtoorganizeacomparisonandcontrastessay Therearetwomethodsoforganizingacomparisonandcontrastessay 1 Subject by Subjectmethod 以比较对象为顺序法Or blockarrangementofideas 模块式分布 Discussingthevariousaspectsofoneitembeforegoingontotheother 2 Point by Pointmethod 以比较内容为顺序法Or alternatingarrangementofideas 交替式分布 Discussingbothitemsundereachofthevariousaspectscomparedorcontrasted Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast HowtoOrganizeaComparisonandContrastEssay P81 82 3 Howtoorganizeacomparisonandcontrastessay Therearetwomethodsoforganizingacomparisonandcontrastessay 1 Subject by SubjectPatternI HarmonystereoSubject1A PricePoint1B SizeandweightPoint2C ReceptionandsoundqualityPoint3II PlayboystereoSubject2A PricePoint1B SizeandweightPoint2C ReceptionandsoundqualityPoint3 Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast HowtoOrganizeaComparisonandContrastEssay P81 82 3 Howtoorganizeacomparisonandcontrastessay Therearetwomethodsoforganizingacomparisonandcontrastessay 2 Point by PointPatternI PricePoint1A HarmonystereoSubject1B PlayboystereoSubject2II SizeandweightPoint2A HarmonystereoSubject1B PlayboystereoSubject2III ReceptionandsoundqualityPoint3A HarmonystereoSubject1B PlayboystereoSubject2 Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast Reading4 FastFoodRestaurants McDonald svs Wendy s P82 83 NewWords 1 low carbohydratediet 低碳水化合物饮食2 Saturatedfats 饱和脂肪3 carbohydrate 碳水化合物4 staplefood 主食5 fruityogurtparfait 水果酸奶冻糕6 McVeggieBurger 脆香素菇堡7 ChickenFajitas 辣味鸡肉卷8 WholeWheatChickenMcGrill 全麦鸡 Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast Reading4 FastFoodRestaurants McDonald svs Wendy s P82 83 NewWords 9 GardenandCaesarselections 花园沙拉 凯撒沙拉10 sidesalad 附餐沙拉11 stepometer n 计步器12 hindrance n 不足之处 缺点13 wilt vt vi 使 枯萎 使 凋谢14 contraption n 奇妙的装置15 nourishment n 滋养 营养 Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast Reading4 FastFoodRestaurants McDonald svs Wendy s1 Fillintheblankstocompletethemainideasandthesupportingdetails P84 PartII Body ParagraphBWendy s 1 theUltimateChickenGrill 终极烤鸡肉 2 Smallorderofchili 小份辣椒 McDonald s 1 Fruityogurtparfait2 Greenappleslices kid smenu 苹果片 儿童餐 3 Healthiersandwichchoices suchasMcVeggieBurger ChickenFajitas andWholeWheatChickenMcGrill Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast Reading4 FastFoodRestaurants McDonald svs Wendy s1 Fillintheblankstocompletethemainideasandthesupportingdetails P84 PartII Body ParagraphCPresentationoffood AtWendy s notonlyarethemealoptionsexcellent thepresentationofhealthymenuchoicesissuperior Wendy ssaladsarelargeandfreshwithonlyonehindrance excesswateratthebottomofthebowl McDonald ssaladslackinappearanceandfreshness Thesesaladsappearthrowntogetherandoftenlookwilted Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast Reading4 FastFoodRestaurants McDonald svs Wendy s1 Fillintheblankstocompletethemainideasandthesupportingdetails P84 PartII Body ParagraphDWendy s thefirstmajorfastfoodchaintoofferfastfoodsaladasameal smaincourse McDonald s nowalsoofferssaladsasamaincoursemenuchoice inreactiontothepopularityofWendy ssalads Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast Reading4 FastFoodRestaurants McDonald svs Wendy s1 Fillintheblankstocompletethemainideasandthesupportingdetails P84 PartIII Conclusion ParagraphEMealvariety goodpresentationandseveralsaladchoicesareallconsideredwhenevaluatingafastfoodrestaurant WithfastfoodrestaurantssuchasWendy sandMcDonald savailable itisconsiderablyeasierforpeopletomakehealthierfoodchoices Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast 5 Paraphrasethefollowingsentences P86 87 1 Hisspeechisperfectinorganization ideasandwording Noneofhisspeechisimperfectinorganization ideasandwording 2 Themanageriswillingtoaccepttheproposalsfromthestudents Themanagerwillnotmisstheopportunitytoacceptthestudents proposals 3 Kevinadmittedthathetookriskybetsandliedtocoverthemupbutclaimedhissuperiorsknewwhathewasdoing Kevindidnotdenyhetookriskybetsandliedtocoverthemupbutclaimedhissuperiorswerenotignorantofhisdoing 4 Theyweretoldtoimprovetheirworkbecauseitwaspoorlydone Itwastoldthattheirworkneededtobeimprovedasitwasn tdonewell Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast 5 Paraphrasethefollowingsentences P86 87 5 Suchscandalsinthebusinessworldwilldrawtheattentionofthepublicsoonerorlater Itisnotavoidablethatthepublicwon tmisssuchscandalsinthebusinessworld 6 Myparentsarealwaysreadytohelpmeout Neverwillmyparentsbeunreadytohelpmeout 7 Thethoughtofreturningtohishometownkeptrecurringinhisdreams Hardlydidtheideaofreturningtohishometownstoprecurringinhisdreams Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast 5 Paraphrasethefollowingsentences P86 87 8 Theislandersfoundthattheywerenotreadyforthewaragainsttheoutsideintruders Theislandsfailedtofindthattheywerereadytofigntagainsttheoutsideintruders 9 WhenyoungMarkmissedthelastbustothecitylateonenight hedidn tknowwhattodonext ItwasnotuntilfailingtocatchthelastbustothecitylateonenightdidMikenotknowwhattodonext 10 Healwayskeepsanoptimisticviewoflifeevenifheisconfrontedwithsomanyhardships Neverdoeshelosetheoptimisticconfidenceforlifeeventhoughthingsdon talwaysgosmoothly Task4 WritinganEssayofComparison Contrast UsingProperLanguageinAnOralPresentation P87 Thelanguageusedinanoralpresentationistotallydifferentfromthelanguageusedinanessay Anessaywithoutanychangeoflanguagewouldbemuchharderfortheaudiencethanforareader Fortheaudiencehavenochancetoreturntopreviouspointsoraskthespeakertorepeatiftheymissorfailtounderstandthem Thefollowingaresomesuggestionsabouthowtouseproperlanguageinmakinganoralpresentation a Uselessformalevencolloquiallanguagesuchaswell let s now right ok sothatyoucantalktoyouraudienceinsteadofreadingtothem b UsesimplelanguagesothatreadersofaverageEnglishproficiencycanunderstandyou Rememberthatyouraimistocommunicate nott