孔子的教育思想 英文版 PPT.ppt

TheEducationalThoughtsofConfucius Introduction BorninthevillageofZoninthecountryofLuin551BCDiedin479BCPosition ThefirsteducatorofprivateschoolMaindoctrine Ren FounderoftheConfucianschoolandConfucianism SymbolofChineseculture Thinker Educator Statesman Philosopher ConfuciusisfamousforhisphilosophybecausehemademanywisesayingsinancientChinathathelpedmanypeoplelearnaboutnature theworld andthehumanbehavior HeestablishedfirstprivateschoolinChinaandacceptedthestudentsfromeverywhere Subjects Manners Music Literature Riding ArcheryandMathematics 礼 乐 射 御 书 数 Hehave3000students Amongthem 72becamefamousscholars TheAnalectsisthesinglemostimportantbookinthehistoryofChina whichexpressaphilosophy oramoralcode bywhichConfucius oneofthemosthumanethinkersofalltime believedeveryoneshouldlive AnenduringclassicofChineseculture TheAnalectshasinfluencedallthinkers writersandpoliticiansintheover2 000 year longhistoryofChinaafterConfucius Noscholarcouldtrulyunderstandthislong standingcultureortheinnerworldoftheancientChinesewithoutthisbook TheAnalects Philosophy Benevolence tobehumanity mercyandkindness Justness toberighteousness Rituals customandlow tobepolite Wisdom tobeknowledgeableandwelleducated Royalty faithful reliable accountable responsible creditable Iwillnotbeafflictedatmen snotknowingme IwillbeafflictedthatIdonotknowmen 不患人之不己知 患不知人也 Whatonedoesnotwishforoneself oneoughtnottodotoanyoneelse whatonerecognizesasdesirableforoneself oneoughttobewillingtogranttoothers Thepersonsbeingcultivated thefamilieswereregulated 身修而后家齐 Thefamiliesbeingregulated theStateswererightlygoverned 家齐而后国治 TheStatesbeingrightlygoverned theentireworldwasatpeace 国治而后天下平 EducationalThoughts ConfuciuswasChina sfirsteducator Hetaughtstudentsallhislife andputforwardmanyimportanteducationalprinciplesandeffectiveteachingmethods Heheldthatallmenwereeducable becausebynaturemenwerequitealike andtheyweremadedifferentbylearningandpractice HewasthefirstfigureinChinesehistorytoinitiateeducation Hebelievedthebasicgoalofeducationwastocultivate personsofvirtue whoshouldhavesoundcharacterandupliftedminds Thiswasinhisdayanepoch makingview becauseitmeantthatnotonlythenobles butpeopleofallotherclasses wereentitledtoreceiveeducation Histeachingmethodsincludedtheelicitingmethod givinginstructionsaccordingtostudents peculiarities andcombiningtheorywithrealityandpractice Todeepenhisstudents understanding hediscussedwiththemrealpeopleandeventsofearliertimesandhisday expressinghisownviews makinganalys pointingouttheirstrengthsandweaknesses andurginghisstudentstoweighanddecideissues Educationtarget thefirstpersontoopenaprivateschooltocommonpeopleCoursecontentmorality properspeech government therefinedartsPedagogicalmethods Heposesquestions orusesaptanalogies andwaitsforhisstudentstoarriveattherightanswers Educationgoal tocreatesuperiormen Topreferitisbetterthanonlytoknowit Todelightinitisbetterthanmerelytopreferit Whatyouknow youknow whatyoudon tknow youdon tknow Thisisknowledge 知之为知之 不知为不知 是知也 知之者不如好之者 好之者不如乐之者 Inteachingpeople thereisnodiscrimination ofclass type etc Reviewingwhatyouhavelearnedandlearninganew youarefittobeateacher Learningwithoutsatiety instructingotherswithoutbeingwearied Ifamaninthemorningheartherightway hemaydieintheeveningwithoutregret ZiGongasked WhywasKongWenZicalled Wen Confuciusreplied Hewasquickanddevotedtolearning andnotashamedtoaskedthosebelowhim Thatiswhyheiscalled Wen 子贡问曰 孔文子何以谓之 文 也 子曰 敏而好学 不耻下问 是以谓之 文 也 Influence TheConfucianthoughtshaveawideinfluenceinallthenationsofEastAsia InKoreaandJapan ethicandetiquettehavebeenundertheinfluenceoftheConfucianviewpointssuchashumanity justiceandeti