八年级英语下册《Unit 1 Past and Present Grammar》课件 （新版）牛津版

grammar unit18b 现在完成时presentperfecttense structure have has v过去分词 p p havebreakfast ihavejusthadmybreakfast i mnothungrynow pastparticiple task1 现在完成时的用法 1 weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthathappenedinthepastandhasaconnectionwiththepresent 一 表示动作发生在过去并与现在有联系 wrotesomewordsonthebb thewordsareonthebb now past ihavewrittensomewordsontheblackboardalready haveatry already or yet 1 hehas visitedmanyplacesinchina 2 lilyhashadbreakfast 3 hasshearrived 4 thetrainhasn tarrived already already yet yet 注意 already 在句中的两种位置 noticetheword already inthetwosentences 1 hehas visitedmanyplacesinjapan 2 thetrainhasn tarrived 3 hastheplanearrived 4 hasn thecomeback 上一页 下一页 tips already是 已经 之意 用在 中 yet用在 中 在否定句中有 还 之意 already yet yet yet 肯定句 positivesentence 疑问句和否定句 generalquestionsandnegatives 现在完成时的用法 二 ihavebeenateachersinceileftmycollege 大学 ibecameateacher iamstillateacher now past future weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent 表示过去已经开始持续到现在或将来的动作或状态 ihavebeenateacherforabout20years movedherein2008 istilllivehere ihavelivedherefor9years ihavelivedheresince2008 9yearsago ihavelivedheresinceimovedherein2008 常用延续性动词 itisoftenusedforcontinuousverbs lookandsay thepig swim threehours thepighasswumforthreehours thepighasswumsincethreehoursago lookandsay jack playcomputergames 2days jackhasplayedcomputergamesfor2days 对划线部分提问 questiontheunderlinedpart jackhasplayedcomputergamessince2daysago howlonghasjackplayedcomputergames since和for eddiehaslivedwithmilliesince2011 eddiehaslivedwithmilliesince6yearsago eddiehaslivedwithmilliesincehewasborn 1 rules since 时间点 词 词组或句子 eddiehaslivedwithmillieforfouryears 2 rules for 时间段 3 对以上句子划线部分提问 howlonghaseddielivedwithmillie timepoint periodoftime doyoureallyunderstand 用since或for填空 1 ihavebeenatthisschool morethantwoyears 2 shehasworkedinthefactory tenyearsago 3 mr greenhaslivedinthecity heleftcollege 4 shehaslearnedenglish 1999 for since since since wealsousethepresentperfecttensetotalkabouthowmanytimesanactionhashappenedtillnow 表示某事直到现在已经发生了多次 ihavewatchedthetvplaymanytimes 现在完成时用法 三 weoftenuse ever曾经 疑问句 have has后 你读过这本书吗 haveyoueverreadthisbook never从来没有 否定 have has后 我从没看过这部电影 ihaveneverwatchedthisfilm ever or never haveyou seenthefilm no ihave seenit ever never 选择never ever填空 keywords yet ever never since for just already recently rememberthem 1 already 已经 放在肯定句句中或句末 2 yet放在疑问句句尾时 表示 已经 放在否定句句尾时 表示 还 没 不 常用的时间状语区别thedifferencesbetweentheusualtemporaladverbials 3 ever 曾经 用于疑问句或否定句中 4 never 从来没有 表示否定句中 5 just 刚刚 用于陈述句中 6 recently 近来 用于句末 ihave comebackfromthesupermarket for just since ihave beentochengdu for never yet hehasworkedthere heleftschool already just since hehasknownsam nineyears for never since haveyou riddenahorse ever for yet haveyoureallyunderstood completethesentenceswithcorrectwords task2 thepresentperfecttense 现在完成时态 基本结构 basicstructure have has p p pastparticiple we live injingshasincewewereborn for14years havelived we study heresince2015 for2years havestudied 肯定式 positiveform have has p p notchangealot let shaveatry thestudents thestudents alot haven tchanged havenot 否定形式 negativeform let spractise lucyhasfinishedherhomework 否定句 lucy finishedherhomework has not hasn t workouttherule howtomakenegativesentences 如何变否定句 只需要在 后加上 即可 have或has not havenot haven thasnot hasn t ihavewatchedthetvplaymanytimes haveyouwatchedthetvplaymanytimes yes ihave no ihaven t 一般疑问句 generalquention weaskandanswerquestionsinthepresentperfecttenselikethis let spractise wehavecleanedtheclassroom 一般疑问句 并做肯定和否定回答 you theclassroom yes no have cleaned we have we haven t let spractise lucyhasfinishedherhomework 一般疑问句 并做肯定和否定回答 lucy herhomework yes no has finished she has she hasn t thepresentperfecttense 现在完成时 一般疑问式 将have has提前到句首 workouttherule 回答 肯定 否定 yes have has no haven t hasn t 如何变一般疑问句 只需把 提到 其余 即可 注意 第 人称变第 人称 have或has 句首 照抄 一 二 let stry 1 shehasalreadycleanedthekitchen 改为否定句 she cleanedthekitchen 2 theyhavevisitedsomeinterestingplacesinchina 一般疑问句 they interestingplacesinchina 3 thepoordoghasdied 改为一般疑问句并作否定回答 thepoordog no it 4 ihaveeverbeentothegreatwall 改为否定句 i beentothegreatwall 5 theyhavestudiedheresincetheymovedtothecity 对划线部分提问 they here hasn tyet havevisitedany hasdiedhasn t havenever howlonghavestudied task3 动词的过去分词的构成theconstituentofthepastparticiple 过去分词 p p lovelike regularverbs 过去式和过去分词的构成 visitrepairwatch visitedvisitedrepairedrepairedwatchedwatched lovedlovedlikedliked verb ed directlyadd ed 以不发音的e结尾 d withunpronounceable e add d mopplan moppedmoppedplannedplanned 注 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词 双写最后一个辅音字母 ed astressed clousedsyllabewithaconsonant doublewritethelastconsonantletterandadd ed 双写 ed doublewrite ed studyhurry studiedstudiedhurriedhurried 去y ied 注 以辅音字母加y结尾的词 去y ied endwiththeconsonantletterplus y goto y add ied abb aaa abc aba irregularverbs 过去式和过去分词的构成 letmetestyourmemory 写出下列动词的过去分词 live finish try plan hit meet put catch chattime p14 millie 1 you see anyfilmsrecently sandy sandy no ihaven t whataboutyou millie i 2 see onelastsaturday sandy what sitabout millie it saboutthechangesinbeijingoverthepastcentury fromthefilm i 3 learn moreaboutbeijing spastandpresent sandy oh ithinki 4 hear aboutthefilm doyouplantoseeitagainmillie yes i dliketo haveseen saw havelearnt haveheard completethefollowingsentenceswiththepresentperfecttense 1 they finish theirhomeworkalready 2 john never visit china 3 mrli repair overtenbicyclessincemonday 4 we notsee eachotherforyears 5 myparents notcome backyet 6 ourteacher teach usalotaboutthehistoryofchinarecently 最近 近来 havefinished hasvisited hasrepaired haven tseen haven tcome hastaught task4 现在完成时的时间状语 temporaladverbialsinthepresentperfecttense basicstructure themainusage temporaladverbials theconstituentofp p summary thepresentperfecttense 一 表示动作发生在过去并与现在有联系或影响eg i vejustfinishedmywork 二 表示过去已经开始持续到现在或将来的动作或状态eg he sworkedhereforabouttenyears sincetenyearsago sincehecamehere 三 表示某事直到现在已经发生了多次eg we vevisitedbeijingseveraltimes 现在完成时的主要用法 themainusage 陈述句 主语 have has p p 其他 否定句 主语 have has not p p 其他 一般疑问句及肯否定回答 have has 主语 p p 其他 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 have has 主语 p p 其他 现在完成时的基本构成 basicstructure i regularverbs 过去式和过去分词的构成 1 verb ed2 以不发音的e结尾 d3 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词 双写最后一个辅音字母 ed 双写 ed4 以辅音字母加y结尾的词 去y ied ii irregularverbs fourtypesaaaabaabbabc 过去分词的构成 theconstituent 1 already 已经 放在肯定句句中或句末 2 yet放在疑问句句尾时 表示 已经 放在否定句句尾时 表示 还 没 不 现在完成时的时间状语 temporaladverbials 3 ever 曾经 用于疑问句或否定句中 4 never 从来没有 表示否定句中 5 just 刚刚 用于陈述句中 6 recently 近来 用于句末 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 iboughtanewcomputerlastweek 只强调动作发生在过去 ihaveboughtanewcomputer 不强调动作什么时候发生 只强调现在的结果是拥有了一台新电脑 1 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情 强调动作 和现在不发生关系 而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 强调的是现在的情况 2 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用 而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用 或无时间状语 不能与表示过去的时间连用 一般过去时的时间状语有 yesterday lastweek ago in1980 inoctober justnow等具体的时间状语 现在完成时的时间状语有 for since ever never just already yet等不确定的时间状语 let stry i msureyoucandoitwell 1 i see the3dfilmavatar it samazing i see itonemonthago 2 isyourgrandfatherstillalive no he already die when he die he lastyear die 3 mr li begin toworkinthisfactoryin1990 he work inthefactoryfor20years haveseen saw hasdied diddie died began hasworked 1 youever withagroup yes ihave a did studyb are studyingc were studyingd