高三英语语法教学课件：倒装.ppt

倒装结构inversion 英语句子的自然语序是 主语 谓语 如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前 这种语序被称为 倒装 谓语全部放在主语之前 为全部倒装 只把助动词 连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前 为部分倒装 倒装的原因 一是语法结构的需要 如某些疑问句 二是为了强调 三是保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密相接 一 全部倒装 谓语全部放在主语之前 此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时 1 therebe句型 其中be动词有时可exist live stand lie seem appear remain happen等词代替 全部倒装 1 thereisanexperiencedteacherandmanylovelystudentsintheclassroom 2 方位词in out there here inside outside up down away off downstairs upstairs等以及now then放在句首时 谓语动词常用be come go lie run等 并且句子的主语是名词 全部倒装 注意 主语是人称代词时 仍用自然语序 awaytheywent theywentaway 2 therelayawindingbrookinfrontofanoldhouse 2 nowcomesyourturntosweepthefloor 1 awayflewthebirdwhichiboughtyesterday 3 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时 有时用倒装 全部倒装 what sup tom askedmother thecarismine saidtom 注意 主语是代词时 不倒装 thecarismine hesaid 4 为了平衡句子结构的需要 或为了强调状语 常为介词短语 或为了使上下文紧密衔接时 将状语提前 全部倒装 1 theyarrivedatafarmhouse infrontofwhichsatasmallboy 2 nearbywerethecanoesinwhichtheyhadcometotheisland 5 主语太长 表语太短 为了平衡句子结构的需要 将表语提前 全部倒装 1 insidethepyramidaretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueens 2 gonearethedayswhenweareenslaved 3 presentatthemeetingaretenfamouswriters such和be连用作表语时 也常用倒装语序 如 1 suchwasnothisintention 4 amongthechildrenwasanoldman 2 sucharethefacts 二 部分倒装 把助动词 连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前 1 用于疑问句 部分倒装 shalleverythingbereadybeforeyouarrive whatcanidoforyou 注意 疑问词做主语或修饰主语时 主谓不颠倒 whocanworkitout howmanystudentshavereadthisbook 2 用于省略if的虚拟条件从句中 should were had被放在句首 部分倒装 1 hadinotadoptedmyclassteacher sadvice iwouldhavemadesuchaseriousmistake 2 weresheyou shewouldtellherparentsthetruth 3 shouldiearnmoney ishouldlivebetter 3 so as neither nor nomore位于句首 表示前面的情况也适合于另一人或物时 部分倒装 tomcanspeakfrench socanjack ifyouwon tgo neitherwilli doyouknowjimquarreledwithhisbrother idon tknow a nordon ticareb nordoicarec idon tcareneitherd idon tcarealso 注意 若只是表示对前面所述内容的肯定 确认 主谓不倒装tomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoidid it sraininghard soitis 4 含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首 如hardly rarely seldom scarcely barely never not few little neither nor notonly hardly when innocase bynomeans nosooner than manyatime often等 部分倒装 1 notuntilthe19thcenturywasthewrittenexaminationprobablyknown 2 notonlywaseverythinghehadtakenawayfrom butalsohisgermancitizenship 3 notasinglemistakedidhemade 4 hardlyhadireachedthebusstopwhenthebusstarted hardlyanyonebelievethattoday notonlyyoubutalsoshehasbeentobeijing neitherthegirlsnorjohnistoblame 1 notonlyissheagoodsinger butalsosheisagooddancer 2 neitherdidhewatchtvnordidhegotothecinema 3 notuntilitisdarkwillwecomehome 注意1 修饰或连接主语时 主谓不倒装 ihaveneverseensuchaperformance 注意2 如否定词不在句首不倒装 例如 5 only 状语 副词 介词短语 状语从句 放在句首时 部分倒装 1 onlythendidirealizethevalueofreadingaloudeverymorning 2 onlybymeansoftalkingcanweavoidmisunderstandingeachother 3 onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork 6 so such 表语 状语 that从句 结构中的so或such引导的表语 状语放在句首时 部分倒装 1 sofrightenedwassheinthedarknessthatshedidn tdaretomoveatall 2 suchalovelychildishethatallofuslovehim 3 sohurriedlydidsheleavethatsheforgottoswitchoffthelights 7 用于形容词 名词 动词 as though的让步状语从句中 特殊倒装 1 proudastheyare theyareafraidtoseeus 2 childasheis heknowsalot asmallchildasheis heknowsalot 3 tryhardastheywould theycouldnotliftthebox 4 youngestasheisinourclass hispronunciationisthebest 8 用于表示祝愿和祝福之类的句子中 部分倒装或全部倒装 1 mayyousucceed behappy 2 longlivethepeople srepublicofchina exercises 1 notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver howseriousthepollutionwas a didthevillagersrealizeb thevillagersrealizec thevillagersdidrealized didn tthevillagersrealize2 itwasnotuntil1920 regularradiobroadcastsbegan a whileb whichc thatd since3 ifinallygotthejobidreamedabout neverinallmylife sohappy a didifeelb ifeltc ihadfeltd hadifelt 4 whycan tismokehere atnotime inthemeeting room a issmokingpermittedb smokingispermittedc smokingisitpermittedd doessmokingpermit5 nosooner thanitbegantorainheavily a thegamebeganb hasthegamebegunc didthegamebegind hadthegamebegun6 doyouknowtomboughtanewcar idon tknow a nordon ticareb nordoicarec idon tcareneitherd idon tcarealso 7 canyouexpecttogetapayrise a withhardworkb althoughworkhardc onlywithhardworkd nowthatheworkshard8 now sally sturntokeepguard a thereisb isgoingc hascomed comes9 notonly pollutedbut crowded a wasthecity werethestreetsb thecitywas werethestreetsc wasthecity thestreetswered thecitywas thestreetswere 10 so thatnofishcanliveinit a thelakeisshallowb shallowthelakeisc shallowisthelaked isthelakeshallow11 little abouthisownsafety thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself a doeshecareb didhecarec hecaresd hecared12 wasitin1969 theamericanastronautsucceeded landingonthemoon a when onb that onc when ind that in 13 forthefreetickets iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften a ifitisnotb wereitnotc haditnotbeend iftheywerenot14 davidhasmadegr