新版深圳牛津-七下-unit-6-electrivity-语法、句型、习题

U6语法一、情态动词的定义情态动词是一类用于表示说话人的语气和情态的助动词。常表示命令、请求、拒绝、义务、可能、需要等。二、情态动词的特点1. 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 2. 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 not。 3. 个别情态动词有过去式, 过去式用来表达更客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在。三、情态动词的用法1. can/could； cant/couldnt (否定)1) 表示能力, 意为“能、会”, 例如：I can speak a little English. - Can you ride a bike? I cant swim. - Yes, I can. / No, I cant.2) 表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以、能”等 You can go home now. 现在你可以回家了 - Can I borrow your bike? You cant stop your car here. - Yes, you can. / No, you cant.3) 用于否定句、疑问句中，表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定. Lucy cant be at home now, she went to the park just now. Where can it be? I cant find my football.【注意：】1）. could 是can的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式；一种用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在。2）. be able to 意为“有能力，能够做.”, 相当于can/could, 但它有人称，数和时态的变化。2. may; may not (否定)1) 表示“请求，许可”，此时与 can 同义，可以互换使用 May I borrow your bike? Can I borrow your bike? Yes, you may. / No, you may not. Yes, you can. / No, you cant.2) may/might表示不太肯定的猜测，意为“有可能”Lucy may come to school late today.It might rain today.【注意】：might 是may 的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式，一种表示更加委婉, 客气的语气或对可能性的怀疑。 3. must; mustnt (否定)1) must(“必须”, 表示命令)，mustnt(“一定不能”, 表示强烈禁止.) You must go to bed before 22:00pm.You mustnt play with fire. Its dangerous!-Must I write down the sentences？ -No，you neednt. (-No,you dont have to) 注意：在回答must的疑问句中，否定回答用neednt或dont have to表示“不必”，不用mustnt2) must 还可以表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定”The girl in a red skirt must be Lucy. 3) must/ have to 的区别：. must表示必须，强调主观上的愿望；have to表示“不得不”，强调客观需要 You must go be bed before 22:00pm. My bike is broken, so I have to go to school on foot. have to 有人称、数、时态的变化；must则没有。I have to clean the classroom today.She has to finish her homework first.It was late, he had to go to school without breakfast.【习题】1. -Must I finish the work today? -No,you . You can finish it tomorrow. A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. neednt 2. - I swim here? -Im sorry. Children swim alone here. A. Must cant B. May must C. Can mustnt D. Cant can 3. -Meng Fei broke his arm while recording If You Are The One in Beijing. -Really? Then perhaps he host TV programmes for some time. A. neednt B. mustnt C. shouldnt D.cant 4. -What do you want to eat for lunch? I will prepare earlier today. -Honey, you . Lets go out to have something different. A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D.dont have to 5. Thomas, please be quiet. The others hear very well. A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D.neednt 6. -You see, a man is cutting a tree on the Moon. -It be true. The teacher says there is no air on the moon. A. cant B.may not C. shouldnt D.mustnt 7. -Can I go fishing with you,Dad? -No, you . You stay at home and do your homework first. A. wont may B. cant must C. shouldnt ought D. neednt should 8. Anna hasnt come to school today. I think she be ill. A. can B.has to C. may D.should 9. -Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You be joking! -Im serous. Its made of silk. A. must B.need C. may D.can10. _ _I go and apologize to my teacher for my mistake? A. Should B.Need C.Can D. May 11. May I stop my car here,sir? -No,you_. A.may not B.mustnt C.cant D.neednt 12. _I change the bulb(灯泡) now? -No,you may not. You_switch off the electricity. A.Can;need B.May;must C.Must;must D.Can;must 13. John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A.may B.can C.has to D.must 14. My mother is ill.So I _to look after my little brother. A.must B.may C.have to D.should 15. Im afraid it _rain tonight. A.can B.could C.may be D.mightU6句型1. Im going to buy a packet of sweets.a packet of 一袋。其后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词用来表示数量。不可数名词没有复数形式，在表示数量时，常用“a+单位量词+of+不可数名词”结构。a+单位量词+of+不可数名词a piece of meat; a piece of paper; a glass of apple juice; a bag of milka +单位量词+of+可数名词复数a basket of eggs; a bag of apples数词+单位量词+of+不可数名词two glasses of water; three cups of tea数词+单位量词+of+可数名词复数two packets of sweets ; three bags of pencils 2. It is like water, in a wayit a way 在某种程度上In a way, you are right. 在某种程度上,你是对的.与way的相关短语:In the way 妨碍;挡道His hobby sometimes gets in the way of his studies. 有时他的爱好妨碍了他的学业.on the way 在途中;在路中He is on the way to school now. 他现在在上学的途中.by the way 顺便问一下 By the way, who is Tom? 顺便问一下,谁是汤姆?all the way 一直He studies hare all the way. 他学习一直很努力. 3. Electricity comes into our flat through thin wires. 电通过细电线进入我们的公寓.come into 进入之内Water comes into our houses through pipes. 4. These are connected to cables under the streetconnect 连接 常用结构: be connected to sth. 连接到 ; connect sth. to/with 把和连接起来.Turn on your computer and connect it to the Internet.The railway line connects Wuhan to Shanghai. 5. A moment later, Daisy came back. (1)moment 可数名词,意为”瞬间;片刻”Id like to talk to you for a moment. 与moment相关的短语: a moment ago 刚刚;刚才He was here a moment ago. at the moment 现在;此刻He is at home at the moment.wait a moment 等一会儿Wait a moment, please.(2) later 副词,意为”后来;以后”6. Batteries provide toy cars with provide sb. with sth. 供应给某人某物 The sun provides us with light and heat. “为某人提供某物”还可以用 provide sth. for sb. 7. .speak as many languages as Lo. 说和Lo一样多的语言. “as many + 复数名词+as ” 意为”和一样多的” I have as many books as you. 我和你有一样多的书.“as much +不可数名词+as” 意为”和一样多的” My brother drinks as much milk as I every day. 8. share cups with others 与别人合用杯子 share sth. with sb. 与某人合用/分享某物 Lucy shares a bedroom with Lily. 露西和莉莉合用一间卧室.9. Keep the outside of the pot dry. 让锅的外表保持干燥。(1 )“keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词” 意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。(2) keep doing sth. 连续不断地做某事，一直做。强调不断重复的动作。Li Lei keeps buying books about cars. 李雷不断地买有关车的书。(3) keep sb./ sth. doing sth. 让某人不断地做某事(4) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须防止他们知道我们的计划。10. because it might start a fire. 因为它可能会引起火灾。might 情态动词，意为“可能，也许”。Im afraid it might rain today. 恐怕今天会下雨。11. Stand at least one metre away from the microwave when it is on. at least 至少A child must sleep at least eight hours a day. 与least有关的短语：(1) not in the least 一点也不He is not in the least worried about his future.他一点也不担心他的未来。(2) least of all 最不的 Nobody cared, least of all my little sister. 没有人在意，更不用说我的小妹妹了。12. make sure it is microwave safe. 确保它适用于微波炉。Make sure 务必，确信一、单选1.Mum makes me eat an apple every day _ the doctor away. A.keeps B. is kept C. to keep D. kept 2.Farmers have become _ in our hometown in recent years. A.more and more rich B. richer and richer C. more rich and more rich 3.With the help of the new technology, you _ e-mail your friends by mobile phone. A.can B. must C. need D. should 4.-_ I swim here? -Im sorry. Children _ swim alone here.A.Must; cant B. May; must C. Can; mustnt D. Cant; can5.You _ jump onto a bus while it is still moving. It is too dangerous.A.can B. must C. cant D. mustnt6.-Can he speak English?7.-_.A.Yes, he does B.Yes,he did C. Yes, he can D.Yes, he must 8._ call me Mimi! Its my cats name.A.Not B. Doesnt C. Dont D. Be not 9.Look, the dining hall is right on _ side of the street.A.another B. other C. the another D. the other 10.-What can I do for you? -Id like two _.A.packet of tea B. packets of apple C. packets of tea D. packet of apples11.Its too late. Its time to go to bed. Lily, _ the TV. A.switch on B. switch off C. turn up D. close12.The computer is connected _ a machine. A.at B. to C. on D. in 13.I asked him twice. But he didnt _ my questions.A.answers B. answer to C. reply D. reply to1