中考英语之动词时态.doc

中考英语语法总复习之动词动词时态【学习目标】：初中阶段八种时态的结构及其用法。【学习过程】：I. 概述：英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态要用不同的动词形式来表示。 动作发生的时间不同，动词的形式就有所不同。所以，动词的时态就是指动词在某一个时间段内应当采取的相应动词形态。我们已经学过的八种时态分别是：1. _2. _3. _4._5. _6. _7. _8. _II. 详解：一、一般现在时： 概念： 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：often，usually，always，sometimes，every week（day，year，month）， once a week，on sundays， 基本结构：be动词am/is/are； 行为动词原形或单数第三人称。 否定形式： am is are _；此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在 其前加_，如主语为第三人称单数，则用_，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首； 用助动词 do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，用does，同时，还原行为动词。【注意】 _状语从句和_状语从句中, 从句用_时态表示将来。自我检测：1.The Greens usually _ TV on Sunday evening.A. watch B. watches C. are watching D. is watching2. Mr Black often _ fishing on Sundays, _ he ?A. goesdoesnt B. goesisnt C. dont godoes D. doesnt gois3. We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow. A dont rain B didnt rain C doesnt rain D isnt rain 4. I will tell him as soon as he _ backA. come B. comes C. will come D. came5. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets 二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month）， in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，基本结构：be动词过去式was/were； 行为动词过去式。否定形式：waswere not；在行为动词前加_，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was或were放在句首；用助动词do的过去式_提问，还原动词。自我检测：1. I _ very hard when I was young.A. study B. studied C. had studied D. shall study2. _ he _ a good time last Sunday?A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did; has D. Did; have3.-When_you come here? -We_here last week.A.do;come B.do;came C.did;came D.did;come4. We _the floor and _ all the windows.A. mopped;cleanned B. moped; cleaned C. mopped;cleaned D. moped; cleaned5. -_ you _out for a walk after supper ? -Yes, I _.A. Didwent，went B. Did go，went C. Did went，did D. Did go，did6. Paper _ first invented in China.A. is B. are C. was D. were三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now，at this time，these days，基本结构：amisare _ 否定形式：_一般疑问句：把_动词放在句首【注意】短暂性动词如leave, begin, come, go, die等，可用_时表示将来。自我检测：1. -What is he doing now? -He_a picture.A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing2.Donttalkhere.Grandparents_.A.sleep B.issleeping C.aresleeping D. slept3. Look ! The boy students are _ football while the girls are _ .A. playing; dance B. playing; dancing C. play; dancing D. play; dance4. Some are _ in the river and some are _ games.A. swimming; playing B. swimming;plaiing C. swiming; playing D. swiming;plaing5. Mr Smith _ short stories, but he _ a TV play these days.A. is writing;is writing B. is writing; writes C. writes;is writing D. writes;writes6. _ your mother _ shopping at the moment?A. Are; doing B. Is; doing C. Is; taking D. Are; taking四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。这一特定的过去时 间除有上下文暗示以外,一般用表示过去时间的状语来表示。时间状语：at this time yesterday，at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的 时间状语等。基本结构：_ 否定形式：_一般疑问句：把was或were放在句首自我检测：1. I _ a letter at nine last night.A. am writing B. was writing C. wrote D. is writing2. I _ myself French from 7 to 9 yesterday morning. I _ to work.A. was teaching;didnt go B. taught; didnt go C. was teaching;went D. taught;went3. This time yesterday Jack _ his bike. He _ TV.A. repaired; didnt watch B. was repairing;watched C. repaired;watched D. was repairing;wasnt watching4. When you _ at the door, I _ some washing.A. knocked; did B. was knocking;did C. knocked;was doing D. knock;am doing5. The boy_ English on the radio when I _ his door.A. learned;was opening B. was learning;opened C. learned;opened D. is learning;open6. A young man _ her while she _ her work .A. watched;was doing B. was watching; did C. watched;did D. was watching;was doing五、一般将来时：概念： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow，next day（week，month，year），soon，in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow，基本结构：amisare going to do； willshalldo否定形式：amisare notgoing to do； willshallnotdo一般疑问句：be放于句首； willshall提到句首【注意】 (1) 助动词“will + 动词原形”可用于_人称, 助动词 shall常用在_人称 后。(2)“_+ 动词原形”表示即将发生某事或人为计划要做某事。表意愿的将来、问对方是否愿意、表客气的邀请或命令及表客观将来时，用_。自我检测：1.He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be2. He _ in his garden every morning next year. A. will work B. works C. worked D. is working3.-_ you _ free tomorrow? -No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be4. He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. comes back5. If he _ to college, he _ a lot more.A. will gowill learn B. will gois going to learnC. is going is going to learn D. goes will learn 六、过去将来时：概念： 立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：the next day（morning，year），the following month（week），基本结构：wasweregoing to do； wouldshould do否定形式：waswerenotgoing to do；wouldshould notdo一般疑问句：was或were放于句首； wouldshould提到句首自我检测：1.-The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasnt arrived yet.-Well, he said he _here on time.A came B would come C can be D will be2. She _that she _ her best to help them the next term.A. sayswill do B. saidwill do C. said would do D. sayswould do 3. Jack _ that they _ surprised to see it this Friday.A. know would be B. knows will be C. knew would be D. knew will be4. She _ ill so she _ able to go skating the next day.A. is wont be B. is wouldnt be C. was wont be D. was wouldnt be5. He _ the thief to the police when he _ the man again.A. would take would meet B. would takemet C. will take will meet D. will take meet6.Li Ming said he _happy if Brian _to China next month.A was; come B was; would come C would be; came D will be; come七、现在完成时：概念： 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始， 持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：already, never, ever, just, yet, since, for, in the past few years, 基本结构：have_ done否定形式：_一般疑问句：havehas放于句首 【注意】(1)现在完成时属于现在时态范围, 因而不能和表示过去时间的状语连用, 如 yesterday, last week, three years ago, in 1960 等连用。(2)表示短暂时间动作的动词如 come, go, leave, finish, end, buy, sell, marry, die 等的完成时态不能与表示时间段的状语连用。但可改为其他表示相同意思的_动词或短语。(3) “have/ has been to + 地名”表示“_”, 说话时人已回到说话地点, 常与 once, twice, never, ever等时间状语连用。 “have/ has gone to + 地名”表示“_”,说话时人没在说话地点。 以上两种结构均不能跟时间段连用。 “have/ has been in + 地名”跟时间段连用,表示待在某地多长时间。自我检测：1. You _ me waiting for two hours. I _ for you since five.A. Keptwaited B. have keptwaited C. kepthave waited D. have kepthave waited2 I hope I _ no mistake in my work so far.A. make B. am making C. have made D. was making3 In the past five years. I_ English words.A. have learned three thousand B. learned three thousand of C. had learned three thousands D. learned thousands of4. -_ you ever _America ? -Yes, I have.A. Have gone to B. Have gone in C. Have been to D. Have been in5. The Greens _ China for five years.A. has been in B. have been in C. have been to D. has gone to6. -Where _John _? -To the library. He _ there for an hour.A. has, been; has gone B. has, gone; has beenC. did, go; went D. did, be; went八、过去完成时：概念：以过去某一时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。时间状语：before，by the end of last year（term，month），基本结构：had done否定形式：had notdone一般疑问句：had放于句首自我检测：1. By the end of last term, we_over two thousand new words.A. learned B. have learned C. will learn D. had learned2. By the time I _ back they _ up ten metres.A. camehave climbed B. camehad climbedC. comehave climbed D. had comeclimbed3. He _ the Army by the end of 1992. He _ in the army since then.A. joinedis B. has joinedhas beenC. had joinedis D. had joined has been4. The meeting_ for five minutes when I got there.A. had begun B. had been on C. has begun D. has been on5. Before we got to the railway station, the train_ already.A. went out B. had gone C. has gone D. has arrived6. He _ angry because he _ for a long time.A. had gothad waited B. gotwaited C. had gotwaited D. gothad waitedIV.中考真题链接(动词时态考点) 1. -Mr. Lee _ to a student when I entered the classroom this morning.-He is very patient _ _he is young. 【2011广东深圳】A. talking; but B. talks; though C. was talking; though D. talked; however2. -When should I hand in my paper?-Your paper must _ as soon as the bell_ . 【2011广东深圳】A. hand in; rings B. hand in; will ring C. be handed in; will ring D. be handed in: rings3. -I called you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.-Sorry, I _ with my friends at that time. 【2011河南省】A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. was swimming4. -Are you going to the bank, Laura? -No, I _ to the bank already. 【2011江苏徐州】A. have been B. have gone C. am going D. had been5. Mr. Black is going to marry a girl he _ in Japan last year. 【2011内蒙古包头】A. meets B. met C. has met D. would meet6.The meeting _ by the time I got there yesterday. 【2011乌鲁木齐】A. was on B. has been on C. had begun D. has begun7.-You have found your lost umbrella, havent you? -Yes. I _ it behind the door this afternoon. 【2011广西柳州】 A. have found B. will find C. found D.founded8. I met a good friend of mine while I on the street. 【2011梧州】A. walks B. walk C. was walking D. am walking9. -I dont know if Mr. Li _ to the party this evening.-I think he will come if he _ free. 【2011梧州】A. will come; is B. will come; will be C. comes; is D. comes; will be10. She _ this book for nearly three weeks. 【2011雅安】A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept11. - Why wont you go to the movie with me, Gina? - Because I it twice.【2011襄阳】A. see B. have seen C. saw D. will see12. -Alan, its late. Why not go to bed? -Jenny hasnt come back yet. I _ for her. 【2011广东】A. waited B. have waitedC. am waiting D. was waiting 13. - It _ hard outside. You have to stay at home. 【2011四川德阳】A. rain B. is raining C. rained D.