高考英语词汇手册[S-T].doc

safe adj. protected from danger and harm; secure; cautious安全的；平安的；谨慎的词组 return safe and sound 平安无事展开 safety n. 平安；安全 safety rules; take someone to safety; sake n. because of; benefit 缘故；利益词组 for ones own sake 为了自己的利益。 for the sake of 由于的缘故，为了satisfy vt. give what he wants, demands or needs; make contented 使满意；满足词组 be satisfied with 对（感到）满意展开 satisfaction n. 满意 He nodded with satisfaction. satisfactory adj. 令人满意的: My job was satisfactory. save vt. make or keep safe; avoid wasting; keep (money) for future use搭救；节省；储蓄词组 save sb. from 把某人从中救出 save (prep.=except) that 只是例句 We have no news save that the ship reached the port safely. 除了知道船安全抵港，我们没有任何消息。展开 saving adj. 节省的；节约的 n. 救助；节省；s储蓄(金)；存款scene n. view; place represented on the stage of a theatre; spot 景色；布景；场景；地点；现场 指某一具体风景，是可数名词，也可表示场景、出事地点词组 on the scene 在现场辨析 scenery 是“风景，景色”的总称，不可数名词，尤指自然景观 natural scenery 自然风景view 景观；景色；看法；观点 point of view 观点，看法 in view of 鉴于 sight 风景，尤指某一特定景色，也可指视力，视域 at first sight 乍一看 at (the) sight of 一看见 in sight / within sight 被看到 out of sight 在视程之外 have / get / catch sight of 看到 lose sight of 不再看见scold v. express anger, criticism 责备；训斥词组 scold sb. for sth. 为某事训斥某人; score n. number of points, goals, marks; set or group of twenty （比赛中）得分，分数；（测验中）成绩；（单复同）二十个 vt. gain points 得（分） vi. gain marks 得分词组 a score (of) people 二十个人 scores of people 许多人 4 score = 80;scratch vt. make (sth) by scratching; make a shallow wound in (the skin) in this way 抓；划伤词组 scratch / strike a match 划火柴search n. act of searching 搜寻vt. empty the pockets of sb and examine his body and clothes to see if anything is connected there 搜查; vi. look for 搜寻辨析 search sb. / sth. 搜身；搜查; search for 找寻; in search of 找寻 the search for; secure adj. not feeling worry, doubt ;safe ,firmly fixed 安全的；安心的； 牢固的词组 feel secure about ones future 对自己的前途无忧无虑see v. be aware of by using the eyes看见词组 I see. 我明白了 see off 为送行 see through 看穿 see to 注意see you 再见 see to it (that) 负责做到，设法做到，注意做到senior adj. older; higher in rank, authority 年长的；地位或级别较高的词组 A is senior to B. A比B年长。sense n. any of the five powers of the body; consciousness of sth. 感觉器官; 觉察vt. feel; become aware of 觉得；意识到词组 a sense of humor 幽默感 common sense 常识 make sense 讲得通，有意义，能被理解例句 There is no sense in doing sth. 作某事没道理展开 sensible adj. 明智的；合情合理的 sensitive adj. 敏感的serve vt. work for ( as a servant) 为服务vi. work, be suitable 有用，起作用例句 A single example will serve to illustrate the point. 将用一个例子来阐述这个观点。词组 serve as 担任，作用; serve the people; serve the purposes; serve to strengthen the links between the countries; set vt. put; adjust; fix 放；设置；安置vi. (the sun, the moon etc) go down; sink（日月等）落，下沉词组 set about doing 着手做某事 set out to do 着手做某事 set to do 着手做某事 set aside 留出；拔出；把搁置 set off 出发；启程；着手（做某事） set out 出发；开始 set up 竖立；建立；设立；提出 set an example 树立榜样set fire on 使着火 set a world record 创世界记录settle vi. make ones home in a place定居 vt. cause to make ones home in a place; deal with, solve使定居；解决词组 settle down 定居下来，安静下来 settle the problems; 展开 settler n. 移居者 settlement n. 定居，解决several adj. some, but fewer than many 几个；若干词组 several hundred people 几百人shade n. comparative darkness and often coolness caused by sth blocking direct or heat荫；阴凉处 指阳光直射不到的阴凉之处展开 Lets sit in the shade of the tree to take a rest. 让我们坐在树阴下休息一会儿吧。辨析 shadow n. 影子 With the rising of the sun you will find your shadow gets shorter and shorter. 随着太阳的升起你会发现你的身影越来越短。shake vt. sway; 握（手）；摇（头等），摇动 vi. tremble; shock 摇动；震动词组 shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手 shake hands with sb. 和某人握手share vt. have or use (sth) with others; have (sth) in common 共有；分享词组 share sth. with 与合用 share in the fun 分享快乐sharp adj. having a fine edge or point; changing direction suddenly 锋利的；急转向的adv. punctually （某时）整词组 a sharp turn 急转弯 a sharp contrast 鲜明对照 at eleven sharp 十一点整; sharp eyes; sharp mind; 展开 sharpen vt. 削尖，磨快shoot vt. fire 射击 （ shot shot shooting ）词组 shoot 开枪打中 shoot at 向开枪展开 shot n. 射击; The film was being shot in Shanghai. short adj. measuring little from one end to the other, below the average height短的，矮的短小的东西；（s）宽松运动短裤词组 in short 总之 be short of 缺乏 run short of; a short form of something; 展开 shortage n. 不足，缺少 water shortage; shorten v. 改短；缩短 shortly adv 不久，立即 shortly after 不久之后shout v. speak or call out in a loud voice 呼喊，叫喊词组 shout at 冲着叫嚷，喊骂 shout to 对高声叫例句 Be polite! Dont shout at me. 礼貌点，不要吼我。 He shouted to me to attract attention 他对我大声叫想引起注意。sick adj. physically or mentally unwell, ill 有病的；作呕，恶心词组 a sick man 一个病人 ask for a sick leave 请病假 feel sick 觉得恶心 be sick of sb./ sth./ doing sth. 厌倦某人 / 某事 / 做某事 = be bored with, be tired of, be fed up with 辨析 sick 表示生病时，可做表语和定语 ill 表示生病时，只可做表语: a sick man 或 The man is sick / ill. 但当 ill 意为“坏的，不利的”时， 可做定语。 如 speak ill words of sb. 说某人坏话; ill luck 恶运; 比较下面句子： He is a sick man 他是个病人。 He is an ill man. 他是个邪恶的人。展开 sickness n. 患病， 疾病sight n. ability to see, vision; ability to see; range within which one can see or something can be seen 视域；景象；视力；望见词组 at first sight 乍一看 in sight / out of sight 在视野内 / 在看不见的地方 catch sight of 一眼看 at the sight of 看到 to show somebody the sights 带某人游览名胜（sights意为风景,名胜）例句 As soon as Kate got off the bus, she caught sight of her mother in the crowd. 一下车,凯特就一眼在人群中瞧见她母亲.At the sight of blood, Mary felt sick. 玛丽看到血就晕.The sunset was a beautiful sight. 日落是很美的景象.(sight 可数表景象,奇观)展开 sightseeing n. 观光,游览: go sightseeing; sign n. mark, symbol, etc used to represent something招牌, 标记gesture or movement made with the hand, head, etc. used to give information, a command, etc手势 vt. Write ones name on ( a document, etc) 签(名)词组 sign language 手势语 traffic sign 交通路标 a road sign 路标 a sign of / no sign(s) of 有迹象 / 没有的迹象 sign ones name 签名 sign in / sign out 签到 / 签名登记离开 sign with 签约 sign up for 报名参加例句 The sign on the wall reads “No smoking!” 墙上的牌子上写着”禁止吸烟!” The policeman sighed us to stop. 警察示意我们停下. 展开 signal n. 信号 vt. 向发信号, 用信号发出 vi. 发信号 signature n. 签名silly adj. foolish, not showing thought or understanding 愚蠢的词组 辨析 silly foolish stupid 共同点: 都有蠢,笨的意思. 不同点: foolish 愚蠢的,可以指人,也可以指行为,一般是因为缺乏常识或判断能力而造成 Jack is such a foolish man that he throw away the good chance. 杰克丢掉这个好机会真蠢silly 多用于口语,比foolish 语气要重,指极端和明显的愚蠢;但有 时也可以是傻气,憨,不懂事之意. Dont be silly! 别这么傻! Of course I wont leave you alone, you silly!当然我不会把你单独留下,你这个小傻瓜!stupid 常指由于智力低下或其他原因而引起的迟钝,蠢笨,往往还有呆滞麻木的含义,具有较强的贬义,有时也可指其他事物,有无聊,乏味之意. This is a stupid book.这本书很无聊. What a stupid thing to do! 这事做得多愚蠢啊!similar adj. resemble somebody or something but not the same , alike 相像的,类似的词组 be similar to 与相似 be similar in 在方面相似例句 Your overcoat is similar to mine in colour. 你的外套和我的外套颜色相似.辨析 similar same similar 强调相似 same 强调相同的,同一的 They are similar triangles. 它们是相似三角形. This triangle is the same as that one. 这只三角形等于那只三角形. The two boxes are of a similar size. 这两只箱子大小差下多 The two boxes are of the same size. 这两只箱子大小一样. 展开 Similarity n. 相似,类似 Similarly ad.相似地,类似地 sit vi. be in a position in which the body is upright and resting on the buttocks, either on a seat or on the ground 坐 词组 sit down 坐下 sit up 坐起来; 熬夜(= stay up ) sit at the table 坐在桌边 辨析 sit seat sit 为 vi. seat 为 vt. 或 n. seat n. 座位; vt. 使坐下;容纳 Jane went into the room and seated herself on the sofa. 简走进房间坐在沙发上. When I looked around, I found Tom seated / sitting in the cornor.当我回过头时,我发现汤姆坐在角落里. The newly built gym can seat more than 80,000 people. 新造的体育馆能容纳8万多人. “Its kind of you to give your seat to me, boy” said the old lady. 老太太说:”孩子, 你把位子让给我真太好 .”situation n. set of circumstances or state of affairs, especially at a certain time 情况, 处境,场面, 形势词组 situation comedy 情景喜剧 an emergency situation 紧急情况 the international situation 国际形势辨析 condition situation state condition : 意为”状况,状态”时, 多为u: be in good / poor condition 处于好/ 坏的状况Astronauts should get used to the condition of weightlessness. 宇航员应该习惯失重的状态. condition意为”情况, 环境”时, 多作复数 At that time, the workers had to work under very poor working conditions. 那时工人们只得在非常恶劣的工作环境下作业. Situation 状态, 境遇. 多指危及存亡等的状态或事态. The situation became tense. 局势变得紧张起来 In the situation; state 情况, 状态, 状况. 普通用语, 例如说人,心,健康, 家庭, 道路,社会等的情况. She is in a advancing state of health. 她的健康状况在好转.skill n. ability to do something well ; particular type of skill 技能,技巧, 熟练词组 have skill in 在方面有技能辨析 skill knack knack 技巧, 诀窍 一般只使用单数形式 have a knack for / of doing something 有做某事的诀窍 skill 有单复数之分 Reading and writing are two different skills. 阅读和写作是两种不同技能.(skill 表具体内容,用复数) He is a worker of great skill. 他是有良好技能的工人.展开 skilled a. 熟练的, 有技能的 My father is a skilled worker. 我父亲是个熟练工人.skim vt. Read something through, noting only the main points 浏览; 略读辨析 skim scan skip skim 意为略读, 快读, 以获取文章或段落主旨. 常与 over, through 连用. Scan 意多粗略地看, 扫视, 以获取想要搜索的信息 Skip 意为跳过, 故意略去 When skimming, we go through the reading material quickly in order to get the main idea of it. 略读时, 我们快速看一遍材料来获取主要意思 When scanning, we only try to locate specific information. 扫视地看时, 我们只要找到特定的信息就行了. Skipping breakfast is bad for your health.不吃早饭不利身体健康.sleep v. be in a state of sleep; be asleep睡 n. condition that occurs regularly in humans and animals, esp. at night, in which the eyes are closed and the muscles, nervous system, etc are relaxed 睡眠词组 sound sleep 熟睡 （n.） sleep like a log / top 睡得很熟( v.) sleep on ones back 仰睡 (v.)辨析 go to bed 去睡觉，指想睡觉到躺到床上。 go to sleep 入睡，指上床躺下后到睡着。 fall asleep 倒头睡着，强调动作。 be asleep 睡着，强调睡着的状态 be sleepy 困的，想睡觉的展开 sleepy a. 要睡的，困倦的slight a. not serious or important, small ; not thick or strong 细小的, 少量的, 瘦弱的词组 a slight cold 有点感冒 not in the slightest 一点也不例句 He is too slight to lift the heavy box. 他太瘦弱不能拎这只重的盒子.展开 slightly ad. (无比较等级) 稍微, 些许 know somebody slightly 略微了解某人 Increase slightly 略微增长so ad. to such an extent; in this or that way 这么, 那么, 如此词组 or so 大约 ( = about ) so as to 为了 ( =in order to ) so as to 劳驾；如此。以致于 so that 为的是, 使得; 以致, 结果是 so that 如此 以致 so-called 所谓的 so far 目前为止 and so on /and so forth 等等 so long 再见 so long as 只要例句 Would you be so kind as to type the letter for me? 劳驾你帮我打印一下信好吗? He was so excited as to be unable to speak. 他激动得话也说不出。 I got up early this morning so that I could catch the early bus. 今天早晨我起了个早，为了能赶上早班车(so that 引目的状语从句) I got up early this morning, so that I caught the early bus. 今天早晨我起了个早，赶上了早班车（so that 引导结果状语从句）辨析 so such 不同点: so + adj. /adv so+ adj. +a(n) + n.(sig.) so +many / few + n.(pl) so + much / little + n.(pl)(little意为少)such + n. ( c. n / u.c. n ) such a nice girl / so nice a girl 一个可爱的女孩 such loud noise 如此大的吵闹声(不能用so) such a lot of people 如此多的人(不能用so) so many people 如此多的人(不能用such) so much noise 如此多吵闹声(不能用such) so few books 如此少的书(不能用such) so little water 如此少的水(不能用such) such little children 如此小的孩子(不能用so)something pron. some thing某事, 某物词组 have something to do 有事要做 have something to do with 与有关 make something of somebody 使某人略有成就 or something 或者什么, 之类 something else 另外一些东西 something is wrong with 有毛病 something like 有点象, 几乎 be something of 有几分象 Jacks father is something of an artist.杰克的父亲有几分象艺术家.spare adj. in addition to what is needed or used; free, ( of time ) for leisure 多余的, 空闲的v. use as little as possible; be able to afford to give (time, money)节约; 抽出; 饶恕词组 spare money 余款 in ones spare time 在业余时间 (=at ones leisure) spare no effort / pains 不遗余力 spare no expense 不惜工本 spare somebody the trouble 不麻烦别人 spare me 10 minutes to do something; 例句 Could you spare me a few minutes? 你能腾出几分钟吗? Take the money but spare my life! 把钱拿去, 饶我一命!special adj. of a particular or certain type, not common, usual or general 特殊的, 专门的词组 TV special 电视特别节目 a special school 特殊学校 special price 特价 receive special care 受到特殊照顾 pay special attention to 特别注意辨析 1. special particular specific special 指特性中的共性, 如 a special school for the blind 指专为盲人开设的特殊学校, 指一类特殊的群体; particular指特性中的个性, 意为”个别的, 个人的”. 如 his particular problem他个人的问题. 指个人的情况; specific a. 明确的, 特定的 This organ has its specific function. 这个器官具有独特的作用. What are your specific aims? 你的确切目标是什么? 2. specially especially specially ad. for a particular purpose 特地地, 专门地 especially ad. in particular 特殊地, 尤其 I came specially to see you. 我是特地看你来的. The charming folk song is popular with students, especially girl students. 这首迷人的民歌受到学生们的喜爱,尤其是女学生的喜爱.spend vt. give money for goods or services etc; use time for a purpose花(钱),花费,花(时间等)词组 spend time/money on something 花时间/钱在某方面 spend money/time (in) doing 花时间/钱做某事例句 The old lady spent her whole life on the farm.这位老太太一生都在农场渡过.辨析 cost worth pay spend cost 和 worth 主语都为物; pay 和spend 主语都为人 The book cost me $ 20. Or The book is worth $ 20 Or I paid $20 for the book. Or I spent $20 on the book. 我花$20 买了这本书.spread v. extend the surface area, width or length of something by unfolding it; become widely known, felt or suffered 伸展, 传开辨析 spread extend stretch spread 侧重于”广布在表面”常被用于比喻中 ; extend 原意为伸展,可引申为”扩展(势力,范围等);stretch 意为”伸(手,头), 拉长”, 指的是由曲而直的伸展; spread the table for dinner 摆好餐准备开饭 Word spread quickly about the games.有关这次比赛的消息迅速传开了 Extend a fence, wall, railway 扩建篱笆,墙,铁路 Can you extend your visit a few days longer?你能多停留几天吗 Stretch ones arms, legs 伸展双臂,双腿 She stretched out her arms for the butter. 她伸出手臂去拿白脱.stare v. with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze 凝视, 注视辨析 stare at 意为”盯,凝视”指出于好奇,惊讶等原因长时间睁大眼直接注视,常含粗鲁无礼之意; gaze at 意为”凝视”, 语义较stare轻, 指出于好奇或惊讶而深情地长时间看; glare at 指”怒目而视”, 出于气愤或敌意; glance at 意为”一瞥”, 指匆忙中迅速看上一眼 其他: look at 看着 look sb. up and down 上下打量某人 catch ones eye / come into view 进入视线 peep 偷看stock vt. keep in stock, keep a supply of 为备货; 供应 n. store of goods available for sale, distribution or use, in a shop, warehouse, etc.储存词组 have a stock of 有.的备货 have in stock 备有, 有现货 in stock / out of stock 存货 / 缺货 be