高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选练（一）121.doc

福建大田县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（一）（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文话题：全球变暖词数：350时间：6The UN Environment Programme says that rising temperatures could mean the end for some migrating animals.Migrating or mobile animals move through several environments as they travel away from the cold of winter to warmer areas.Birds may fly from one part of the world to another, perhaps stopping at feeding grounds on the way.Whales and turtles (海龟) cover vast areas of ocean.The report says that changes in any one of the places which these animals use can cause serious harm.“Obviously these animals have developed their travelling patterns over thousands of years.But climate change is almost certain to be extreme over the next 25 to 50 years and it is extremely unlikely that these animals can change their habits fast enough，” said the report author Dr Robert Hepworth.Hardest hit by rising temperatures are turtles.Scientists have found that at higher temperatures, turtles produce far more female eggs than male ones.In parts of Malaysia, turtle birthing sites are producing only females, the report says.It also provides evidence that some turtles are more likely to develop cancer as the waters get warmer.With birds, the main problem is climaterelated damage to important areas at either end of the travels or at resting places along the way.About onefifth of migrating birds are now in danger because of climaterelated changes including rising sea levels, land loss and more violent storms, the report concludes.Other animals picked out as particularly in danger include：the North Atlantic Right Whale, whose main food (tiny shrimp) is disturbed by the change in ocean flows and the WhiteNose Dolphin, which is outcompeted by other kinds of dolphins in warmer waters.The report is not all bad news.Even with major climatic changes, protecting the environment can still help mobile animals to recover.“We need governments to start taking action at the national and international level.The clock is running.”， said Dr Hepworth.And some animals are already adapting, with the report mentioning whales that are changing their feeding behaviour, finding new feeding grounds and new foods to eat.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了全球变暖对迁徙动物的影响。1What is the main topic of the text?AThe effect of climate change on migrating animals.B.How animals are adapting to changes in temperature.CThe actions required to save migrating animals.DThe need for government policies to prevent global warming.答案A主旨大意题。根据文章大意，本文主要讲述了温度上升对迁徙动物的影响，故选A。2By saying “the clock is running” in the last paragraph, Dr Hepworth means that “_”Ait may be too late to save some animalsBit is time to start protecting the animalsCthere is not much time to solve the problemDit takes time to complete the actions答案C短语猜测题。根据前文说的“we need governments to start taking actions at the national and international level”可知作者认为政府应该采取行动解决这个问题，所以接下来这句话应该是进一步强调时间的紧迫性的，故选C。这里面要解决的根本问题是环境问题，不是保护动物的问题，故B项错误。3According to the report, how will global warming affect turtles in the future?AThey will only produce female babies.BTheir food supply will gradually disappear.CSome will suffer from higher rates of cancer.DThey will be in greater danger because of more violent storms.答案C细节理解题。根据文中第二段最后一句话“It also provides evidence that some turtles are more likely to develop cancer as the waters get warmer.”可知水温升高导致海龟得癌症的可能性升高，故选C。文中只是说female egg会多于male egg，不是说只产female egg，故A项错误。4Which of the following is mentioned as a consequence of rising temperatures?AMore storms will affect the ability of whales to find their feeding grounds.B20 percent of all birds are likely to die out because of land loss.CMigrating animals are likely to start adapting to the changes more quickly.DWarmer oceans will increase the competition between different kinds of dolphins.答案D细节理解题。根据文中倒数第一段第一句话“the WhiteNose dolphin which is outcompeted by other kinds of dolphins in warmer waters”可知，水温升高使海豚之间的竞争更加激烈，故选D。5What can be inferred about turtles from the text?AThey are the only animals besides humans that suffer from cancer.BThey have traditionally lived longer than other oceanbased animals.CThose born nearer a hotter area are more likely to be female.DMost kinds of turtles are likely to die out within 50 years.答案C推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句可知，高温使得海龟的雌性后代增加，由此可以判断在高温环境下出生的后代更可能是雌性的，故选C。2016高考英语阅读理解-健康保健类 You know eating fruit and vegetables does good. But do you know it can also make you look good? People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found. Scientists at St Andrews University found eating them slightly increased yellow and red pigments in the volunteers skin. They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks. Increasing their intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day was found to make the person look more healthy and an extra 3.3 portions could enhance their attractiveness, when their photographs were rated by others. Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids(类胡萝卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age-related diseases including heart disease and cancer. But while it was known eating extreme amounts of certain vegetables such as carrots could turn skin orange，it was not known a small increase was perceptible(被觉察）to othersand was seen as appealing. A camera measured changes to the skins redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident in three weeks. Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin. There are hundreds of carotenoids but those thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene(番茄红素)which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red colourand beta-carotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach. Skin colour is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols(多元酚)，found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.【小题1】What do we know from the research? AIf you take in a little more fruit and vegetables, you will obviously look more attractive in three weeks.BPeople who increased their intake of greens by 3.3 portions a day were found the most attractive after six weeks.CIncreasing your intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day can greatly improve your health.DThe researchers took the pictures of the 35 people in the research at different stages.【小题2】Which of the following is NOT the function of carotenoids？ AThey can protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays.BThey can prevent heart disease and cancer.CThey can keep you in good health.DThey can prevent age-related diseases.【小题3】Which of the statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage? AWeve already known eating extreme amounts of carrots can turn skin orange.BWe knew in the past that eating a few more carrots could make us look appealing.CThe research showed the improvement in skin is linked with the levels of carotenoids in it.DAmong hundreds of carotenoids, lycopene is thought to have the most dramatic effect【小题4】Which can be the best title of the passage? AEating fruit and vegetables does good.BEating fruit and vegetables makes you look good.CHow to become attractive？DFruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids.1、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Valencia is in the east part of Spain. It has a port on the sea, two miles away on the coast. It is the capital of a province that is also named Valencia.The city is a market centre for what is produced by the land around the city. Most of the citys money is made from farming. It is also a busy business city, with ships, railways, clothes and machine factories.Valencia has an old part with white buildings, coloured roofs, and narrow streets. The modern part has long, wide streets and new buildings. Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens. It has many old churches and museums. The university in the centre of the city was built in the 13th century.The city of Valencia has been known since the 2nd century. In the 8th century it was the capital of Spain. There is also an important city in Venezuela(委内瑞拉) named Valencia.1.From the text, how many places have the name Valencia?A. four B. three C. two D. one2. What is the main difference between the two parts of Valencia?A. The age of the building B. The length of the streetsC. The colour of the buildings D. The colour of the roofs3. When was Valencia the most important city in Spain?A.2nd century B.13th century C.8th century D. 20the century4. What is Valencia famous for?A. Its seaport B. Its parks and gardensC. Its churches and museums D. Its university5. The main income of the city of Valencia is from its _. A. markets B. business C. factories D. farming【参考答案】15、BACBD 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Plants are very important living things. Life could not go on if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. Therefore animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us.If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.Flowering plants can make seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit.Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores(胚芽). Spores are very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as seeds. When these spores are all on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.6. The main idea of the first paragraph is that _.A. we can not live without water B. plants cannot grow without airC. there are many plants in the world D. plants are important for life7. Plants can make food from_.A. flower, water and air B. water, sunlight and airC. air, water and soil D. air, sun and light8. What can we infer(推断) from the passage ?A. Of all living things animals are most important B. Spores are seeds C. All fruits of flowering plants have seeds D. Without plants, man will die out 9. This passage may be taken from_.A. a medicine book B. a novel C. a science magazine D. an experiment report10. The underlined word “protected” in the third paragraph can be replaced by _. A. damaged B. polluted C. guarded D. prevented【参考答案】610、DBDCC 2016高考英语阅读理解-健康保健类Sleep deprivation(缺失)is an important hidden factor in lowering the achievement of school pupils, according to researchers carrying out international education tests. It is a particular problem in richer countries with sleep experts linking it to the use of mobile phones and computers in bedroom late at night. Sleep deprivation is such a serious problem that lessons have to be dragged down to a lower level to suit sleep-deprived learners, the study found. The international comparison, carried out by Boston College, found the United States to have the highest number of sleep-deprived students, with 73% of 9- and 10-year-olds and 80% of 13- and 14-year-olds identified by their teachers as being negatively affected. In literacy(读写能力) tests there were 76% of 9- and 10-year-olds lacking sleep. This was much higher than the international average of 47% of primary pupils needing more sleep and 57% among the secondary age group. Other countries with the most sleep-deprived youngsters were New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, Australia, England, Ireland and France. High-performing Finland is also among the most lacking in sleep. Countries with the best records for getting enough sleep include Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Portugal, the Czech Republic, Japan and Malta. The analysis was part of the huge date-gathering process for global education rankings, the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study(TIMSS)and Progress in International Reading Literacy Study(PIRLS)“I think we underestimate the impact of sleep. Our data show that across countries internationally, on average, children who have more sleep achieve higher in maths, science and reading. That is exactly what our data show,” says Chad Minnich of the TIMSS and PIRLS International Study Center. “Its the same link for children who are lacking basic nutrition,” says Mr Minnich, based at the Lynch School of Education, Boston College. “If you are unable to concentrate, to attend mentally, you are unable to achieve at your best level, because your mind an