高中英语 Unit 1 Living well Grammar 课件 新人教版选修7.ppt

revisetheinfinitive unit1grammar doyoubelieveicanflylikeabird howcanyoubelieveicanflylikeabird istobelieve it simpossibleforhumans now tosee toflylikeabird martysays 2 iusedtoclimbtrees swimandplayfootball 3 thenistartedtogetweakerandweaker havealk unfortunately thedoctorsdon tknowhowtomakemebetter butiamveryoutgoingandhavelearnedtoadapttomydisability 4 evenafterallthat noonecouldgivemydiseaseanameanditisdifficulttoknowwhatthefutureholds 5 sometimes too iwastooweaktogotoschoolsomyeducationsuffered 6 myambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftwarewhenigrowup martysays martysays 7 lastyeariinvented andabigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme 8 ialsohavetodoalotofwork especiallyifihavebeenawayforawhile 9 justacceptthemforwhotheyare andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo 不定式由 to 动词原形 构成 其否定形式是 not nevertodo 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语 没有人称和数的变化 但有时态和语态的变化 不定式可以作主语 宾语 状语 表语和定语 但不能单独作谓语 不定式的逻辑主语有时用 for 名词或代词宾格 构成 不定式 动词不定式的作用functionsofinfinitive 1主语 subject 2表语 predicative 3宾语 object 4宾补 objectcomplement 5定语 attribute 6状语 adverbial 7独立结构 absoluteconstruction 1不定式作主语 subject tokeepsmilingishealthyforyou it simportanttolookupthenewwordsinthedictionarywhenyoustudyenglish 单个不定式作主语时 谓语动词用单数 若不定式太长 往往用it作形式主语 不定式后置 myjobtoprotecttheworld yourtaskisto is 2不定式作表语 predicative seeingistobelieve toseeisbelieving seeingisbelieving toseeistobelieve 不定式常用在系动词be seem appear get remain等后作表语 allyouhavetodois to finishthejobquickly 如果主语部分有个表示不定式内容的do 用作表语的不定式可省略to yaominglikestoplaybasketball ifinditstillnecessary forhim to ifhewantstowin 3不定式作宾语 object 句型 think consider findit adj todo 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有 agree afford appear ask attempt care choose claim dare decide demand deserve determine expect fail get hate hesitate hope hurry intend learn manage offer plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend threaten want wish 4不定式作宾补 objectcomplement mymumasksmetoplaythepianotwohourseveryday theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp 引导不定式作宾补的动词 warn tell allow help ask force等 sbtodosth listento hear watch 五看 see lookat observe notice 三使 let make have 二听 一感觉 feel sbdosth 不带to 1 theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree 但当以上的动词用于被动式 to要还原 mothermadejohnwashthecarforaweek johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek 不定式做宾补时不带to的情况 1不定式在感官动词 feel hear listento watch lookat notice observe 后 2使役动词 let have make 后边作宾补时 省去to 但是在被动语态中要还原to 3不定式用在介词but except besides后时 如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式 那么介词后的不定式不带to 相反则带to 1 shecoulddonothingbutcry 2 ihavenochoicebuttogo 3 whatdoyouliketodobesidessleep 5不定式作定语 attribute 1 kateislookingforasuitablecoattowear 2 tomhasanicepentowritewith 1 不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 a shewasverybusyandhadnotimetovisitherfriends b ladiesandgentlemen ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou 不定式作定语 不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系 ihavealotofworktodo 我有很多工作要做 heisalwaysthefirsttocome 他总是第一个来 weallhaveachancetogotocollege 我们都有上大学的机会 1 动宾关系 2 主谓关系 3 同位关系 2 当名词被thefirst thelast theonly等词以及形容词最高级修饰时eg sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave 3 something anything nothing everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语 注意比较 1 haveyouanythingtosend 你有什么东西要寄吗 2 haveyouanythingtobesent 你有什么要 我或别人 寄的东西吗 不定式tosend的动作执行者是you 不定式tobesent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someoneelse 4 如果不定式是不及物动词 则后面需适当的介词 pleasepassmesomepapertowrite on 3 也可用在have todo和therebe句型中 thereisnoonetotakecareofher ihavenojewelrytowear igotupearlyto youcamehereto inorderto soasto enoughto onlyto too to catchthetrain 6不定式作状语 adverbial 在一些短语中也有体现 eg hespokeloudly soas inorder tobeheard 1 表示目的 toinordertosoasto 不定式作状语 2 表示原因 不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语 sorry surprised happy glad eager angry foolish right wrong slow quick rude cruel disappointed等 eg i mglad pleasedtoseeyou weweresurprisedtohearthenews so adj adv astodo such adj n astodo adj adv enough todotoo adv adj todo hewassofoolishastobelieveit hewassuchafoolastobelieveit hewasfoolishenoughtobelieveit 3 结果状语 totellthetruth iamnothappyatthemoment tobefranktobehonesttotellthetruth 7独立结构 absoluteconstruction 1 itisgoodtohelpothers 2 itismyambitiontomakesurethatthedisabledpeopleinourneighborhoodhaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings 3 myambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenigrowup identifyitsfunction subject subject predicative 4 idon thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself 5 iamtheonlystudentinmyclasstohaveapetsnake 6 abigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme 7 myfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoiam attribute attribute object object 8 ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife 9 somedaysiamtootiredtogetoutofbed 10 wemustcallonlocalgovernmenttogivefinancialassistancetodisabledpeople adverbial adverbial objectcomplement 动词不定式的时态和语态 todo tohavedone tobedoing tohavebeendoing tobedone tohavebeendone 1 theypretendednottoseeus 2 hepretendedtobesleeping 3 shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore 一般式表示与谓语的动作同时 几乎 发生在它之后 在谓语动词发生的同时 不定式的动作也正在进行 完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前 4 we rehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou 完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前 不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续 不定式的时态 不定式的一般式todoiamgladtoseeyou hehasdecidedtogivehersomemoney 表示的动作通常与谓语所表示的动作或状态同时或者几乎同时发生 或是在它之后发生 不定式的进行式tobedoing iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou hepretendedtobeworkinghardwhenhisbosspassedhim 表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生 不定式的完成式tohavedone hehappenedtohaveseenthefilmbefore thenovelisbelievedtohavebeentranslatedintochinese 不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作或状态之前 hewantedtohavemetyouattheairport buthedidn tgetthereintime 表示过去没有实现的期待或者计划hoped promised wanted wished expected planned hewouldliketohaveplayedtheviolinattheconcert 不定式的完成式在wouldlike后边表示未能实现的愿望 不定式的语态 主动语态todo被动语态tobedoneitisanhonorformetobeinvitedtoattendthemeeting everyonelikestheherotobepraised weaskedhimtostaytillthenextday butherefusedto areyouateacher yes andihavetobe whatwewanttodonowisliedownandhaveagoodrest ididn tsayanythingbuttomakeagesture 省略to与省略do 1 prefern doing ton doing 2 prefertodosth ratherthandosth 3 wouldratherdo4 wouldrather 句子 虚拟语气 5 advise allow permit forbidsb todoadvise allow permit forbid doing 固定词组和句型 几对易混淆的词组 stoptodosth 停下来去做某事doingsth 停止做某事forgettodosth 忘记去做某事doingsth 忘记已做了某事 remembertodosth 记得去做某事doingsth 记得曾经做某事 thequestionisverydifficulttoanswer theproblemisdifficulttodealwith 1 主语 be adj todo 能用于此句型的形容词有 difficult easy comfortable fit hard pleasant tiresome 使人疲劳的 interesting nice heavy dangerous light important etc 主动形式表被动意义的不定式 theboxislightenoughtocarry theriverwateriswarmenoughtoswimin 2 主语 be adj enough todo thebooksseemedtooheavytocarry theiceistoothintoskateon 3 主语 be too adj todo 1 lastsummeritookacourseon a howtomakedressesb howdressesbemadec howtobemadedressesd howdressestobemade 课堂练兵 2 i veworkedwithchildrenbefore soiknowwhat inmynewjob a expectedb toexpectc tobeexpectingd expects3 therearefivepairs butiamatalosswhichtobuy atobechosenbtochoosefromctochoosedforchoosing 4 ifindtheseproblemsareeasy a tobeworkedoutb toworkthemoutc toworkoutd tobeworkedthemout5 lateinthemorning bobturnedoffthealarm a tosleepb sleepingc sleepd havingslept 6 iwouldlove tothepartylastnightbutihadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport a togob havinggonec goingd tohavegone7 johnwasmade thetruckforaweekasapunishment a towashb washingc washd tobewashing 8 tomkeptquietabouttheaccident losehisjob a sonotastob soasnottoc soastonotd notsoasto9 thepatientwaswarned oilyfoodaftertheoperation a toeatnotb eatingnotc nottoeatd noteating 1 thiscake you llneed2eggs 175gsugarand175gflour 2006广东卷 a havingmadeb makec tomaked making 实战高考 2 leonardodavinci 1452 1519 birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree 2007重庆卷 a issaidtobebuyingb issaidtohaveboughtc hadsaidtobuyd hassaidtohavebought 3 ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer themorningairissogood 2008全国卷 a tobebreathedb tobreathec breathingd beingbreathed 4 didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded yes but it ihadtoreadtheentirebook 2008北京卷 a tofindb findc tofindingd finding 5 davidthreatened hisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid 2009上海卷 a tobereportedb reportingc toreportd havingreported 6 withtheworldchangingfast wehavesomethingnew withallbyourselveseveryday 2009重庆卷 a dealb dealtc todeald dealing 7 thechildrenallturned thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom 2009全国卷i a lookedatb tolookatc tolookingatd lookat 8 withfather sdayaroundthecorner ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank presentsformydad 2010全国i卷 a buyb tobuyc buyingd tohavebought 9 thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting 2010江西卷 a todiscoverb tobediscoveredc discoveredd beingdiscovered 10 wewereastonished thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition 2010辽宁卷 a findingb tofindc findd tobefound 11 ihavealotofreadings beforetheendofthisterm 2010山东卷 a completingb tocompletec completedd beingcompleted 12 inmanypeople sopinion thatcompany thoughrelativelysmall ispleasant 2010四川卷 a todealwithb dea