高三 林渡元 高三 林渡元 02

源于名校，成就所托Overview教案撰稿人刘会朋完稿时间审核人英语备课组审核时间课程进度第 2 次课课程标题学生对象： 高三 林渡元语法填空虹口 （12月）AAfter the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with _25_ experienced waitress for a few days, I was allowed to wait tables on my own. All went well that first week. When Saturday night came, I _26_ (give) the tables not far from the kitchen. However, I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays(托盘). The restaurant was full of people _27 _I could realize that. I moved slowly, and minded every step. I remember how happy I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables; It had nice handles, _28_ (make) it easier to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to believe I was a natural at this job.Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved watching you work. _29_ seems that your tray stand has been very useful to you, but we are getting ready to leave now, and my wife _30_ wait to take her walker back.”At first his message did not get across. “What was he talking about!” Then, I got it. I _31_(set) my trays on his wifes orthopedic walker(助步器). My face was on fire. I wanted to get into a hole and hide.Since then, Ive learned that sometimes theres no point _32_ (be) too sure of myself.BThere are a variety of techniques used to bring about success in selling. Here are the most important ones _33_ are often mentioned by successful salespeople. Find out _34_ your customers real wants and needs are. Listen as they tell you their favours. Know all about your product and what it can do for your customers. Product knowledge is a “must” in personal selling because it creates confidence, builds enthusiasm, and makes the situation more professional. Lay emphasis on the unique advantage of your product _35_ others. Take a confident attitude in selling your product. It is _36_(effective) when the salesperson says, “May I help you?” than when he or she says “You wouldnt like to see our model, _37_you?” Prepare yourself _38_(deal) with objections. If the customer says the price is too high, you might reply, “Yes, the price may be a little higher than _39_(plan). However, actually, you will save money _40_ high quality of this product.” Dont disagree with your customer in any case when he or she says the price is too high. Use praise wisely.25.an26.was given27.before28.making29.It30.cant31.had set32.being33.that34.what35.over36.more effective37.would38.to deal39.planned40.because of （ 对外)A To be a successful speaker is no easy thing. It is essential for you ti know why you are speaking and _25_ you wish to accomplish by your speech. The four most common purpose of speech are to inform, to convince, to move to action, and to entertain. Do you, like a teacher or an expert in a field, wish to illustrate your ideas in detail to people unfamiliar with your subject_26_ _ they can understand your ideas clearly and thoroughly? Or, like a debater, wish to convince the judges or the audience? Or, like a fund collector for a naturalist foundation, wish to get money? Or, like a comedian or after-dinner speaker, wish to entertain? The language and tone that you use _27_ be proper for your purpose, for your audience, and for the occasion. A speech to the graduating class will have quite different language, tone and manner from information _28_ ( delive ) to a group of your friends. Furthermore, _29_ talented the speaker is, a talk without adequate preparation is usually _30_ failure. To speak without preparing is to shoot without taking aim. Decide what your objective is, then state it in a complete topic sentence. Make sure that your subject_31_ ( be) definite and not too broad.25 what 26 so taht 27 must should 28 delivered 29 however 30 a 31 isBDC Hilton was one of the first Americans to find out that there was money to be made in the middle of the night. 52 years ago he bought a small restaurant on US highway 69, in Oklahoma. His main customers were truck drivers and traveling salesmen who drank coffee and ate cheeseburgers when they stopped _32_ (break) their journey. It was they _33_ first tried to persuade Hilton to remain open all night. _34_ (think) about it for a while, he suddenly made up his mind. He the door key and threw it across the road. He hasnt closed the door since. Over the years his simple burger cafe has been expanded_35_ a 24-hour roadside empire, with a 100-seat restaurant, a petrol station, a mini shopping market, a car park for mobile homes and all-night self-help laundry. Hilton was a pioneer in a 24-hour working trend, _36_ has now caught on around the world. Today not only restaurants but also banks, supermarkets, mail-order firms, travel agencies and many other businesses are beginning to be open all night. But is this really a good thing? So far, a lot of research _37_ ( do ) in America on the effect of 24-hour working, and there is growing concern about the long-term dangers of a society that doesnt sleep. Americans are said to be sleeping 20% less than _38_did 100 years ago, and 55% claim to suffer at least occasionally from over-tiredness. Several of the _39_ ( bad) man-made disasters happened in the last few hours before dawn, when even the most experienced night-worker has difficulty _40 _ ( stay) awake.32 to break 33 thatwho 34 having thought 35 into 36 which 37 has been done 38 they 39 worst 40 staying翻译句子我们应当告诉公众如何保持生态平衡。(balance) 保持工作与休闲的平衡有助于提高工作效率。(balance)参加体育活动是劳逸结合的重要方式之一。(balance n.)在上海中国人同外国人结婚已经非常普遍了。(become)我们将作进一步的讨论，然后再做出最终结论。（before）动身去旅行之前，务必确保一切准备完毕。（before）她坚信儿子接受的教育将能使他成为有用的人。(belief)我相信我的梦想总有一天会实现的。（believe）人们相信每年种树对改善环境有好处。（believe）未来属于那些对自己的美丽梦想深信不疑的人们。（believe）收集钱币使我受益匪浅。(benefit)这项研究成果将极大地有利于沙漠地区的农业发展。(benefit)多走路，少开车，这不仅对你的身体有益，也能保护环境。（benefit）一个人年轻时多学点是有好处的。 (beneficial) 这美丽的风景是无法描述的。 （beyond）今天我们开会的目的是要讨论如何来解决问题，而不是谁造成了这个问题，所以请不要再浪费时间争论该责备谁了。(blame)那里的服务无懈可击，还免费出借雨伞。（borrow）依我之见，经常出尔反尔的人，不值得信任。（break）整个上午他都在忙于写那篇故事，只是偶尔停下来喝杯茶。(break off)成功带给你的不单单是喜悦，更重要的是经验。(bring)同学们正在忙着准备开幕式。（busy）我们正忙于为下月举行的歌咏比赛作准备。（busy）整个周末他都在忙着复习备考，只在吃饭的时候才歇一歇。(busy)步行上班，你不仅锻炼了身体而且保护了环境。 (by)通过参加像打篮球和踢足球这样的团队运动，我能交到许多朋友。（by）高考阅读之 主旨大意题解题技能高考阅读理解对文章的主旨大意进行命题，旨在考查考生通过对原文快速浏览正确获取语篇的大意，并对文章的主题、标题、段落、中心思想加以归纳理解以及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。要求考生在阅读短文时，能够提炼文章的中心情节，体会作者的主要意图，充分运用逻辑概括能力，透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、中心论点及作者的情感倾向。在高考阅读理解中，针对短文主旨常见的命题形式如下：(1). What would be the best title for the text? /What is the topic of the text?(2). The main topic / subject of the passage is _.(3). The main idea/ The general idea is/ The main theme of this passage is(4). The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on _.(5). What is mainly discussed in the text?(6). What is the main idea of the passage?(7) Whats the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?(8) The purpose of this passage is . (9). Which of the following statements is best supported by the text?(10) Which of the following best summarized the passage?(11) The passage mainly focuses on .从上述命题形式可以看出，此类阅读测试题主要可概括为两大类，即怎样理解段落及文章整体的中心思想和怎样拟定或选择恰当的标题。下面结合高考题实例来具体分析此类题目的解题技巧。怎样理解段落及文章整体的主旨大意主题句定位法文章是由段落组成的。段落是发展一个主题的一群句子，段落围绕着中心思想展开，而段落的中心思想又是为文章整体的中心思想服务的。寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每小段的主题句，通过主题句找出文章的主题。找准文章的主题句是确定文章主旨大意的关键。主题是文章要表达的中心思想，文章的主题句通常都有一个话题，它是文章的核心。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。但是由于文章的不同，表现的手法也各有不同，主题句出现的位置也不是一成不变的。在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。因此，仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法(skimming)，浏览时，一般不需逐句细读，只选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：1. 即中心主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式，即由一般到特殊，先提出观点，后举例论证，主题句则出现在段首的写作方法。新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。新闻报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”，“导语”实际上就是主题句，是对全文内容的高度概括。大意题、标题一般可在第一句话找到答题依据。例题：(2008年全国高考重庆卷E篇)（备注：所有高考题均保留原题号。）In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.71. What does this passage mainly talk about?A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.B. Opinions about competition are different among people.C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.D. Failures are necessary experience in competition.答案与解析：选B。文中第一句便提出了中心论点。2. 即主题句出现在文尾。在细节后，归纳要点、印象、结论、建议或结果，以概括主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式，即细节表述的句子在前，概括性的句子居后，主题句则常位于末段。例题1：(2004年全国卷IV A篇)The famous American gorilla(大猩猩) expert Diane Fossey had a completely new way to study gorillas she pretended to be one of them. She copied their actions and way of life eating plants and getting down on her hands and knees to walk the way a gorilla does. It was a new relationship.Diane Fossey was murdered in Rwanda in 1985 and her story was made into the popular film Gorillas in the Mist. It was a long way from King Kong, which is about a gorilla as a monster (a frightening animal), and helped to show a new idea: the real monster is man, while the gorilla is to be admired.Today there are thought to be around 48,000 lowland gorillas and maybe 400450 mountain gorillas in the wild. From the Congo in West Africa, to Rwanda and Uganda further east, they are endangered by hunting and by the cutting down of their forest homes.Some time ago, I found in my letterbox a little magazine from the World Wide Fund for Nature. It had two photos side by side. One was of a young gorilla. “This is a species of mammal(哺乳类动物),” said the words below it. “It is being destroyed by man. We must save it for our own good.” The other photo showed a human baby. The words also read, “This is a species of mammal,” but then went on: “It is the most destructive(破坏性的) on earth. We must retrain it for its own good.”56.The text mainly talks about _.A. Diane Fossey B. the gorillas in RwandaC. the protection of the gorillas D. the film Gorillas in the Mist答案与解析：选C。文章第一段谈到Diane Fossey大猩猩的研究；第二段谈到根据她的事迹所拍摄的影片；第三段谈到了大猩猩数量减少的原因；最后一段谈到保护大猩猩的宣传措施。前面三段都是为最后一段作铺垫的, 从最后一段“It is being destroyed by man. We must save it for our own good.”可知，最主要的目的还是要人们保护大猩猩。3. 即首尾呼应的写作方法。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。例题：Lacrosse (曲棍球) is a popular sport in Canada. The Indians in Canada invented it. They used it to train for war. They invented this game before Columbus arrived in the New World. People play lacrosse outdoors. The lacrosse field is seven meters long. At each end of the field there is a goal. The goal is a net. There are ten players on each team. Each player has a stick called “ cross”. The player hit a ball into the net as many times as possible. Lacrosse is a very fast game because the players can catch and pass the ball at a high speed with their sticks. Players often get great fun it playing lacrosse. There are many lacrosse clubs and lacrosse teams all over Canada. Every night Canadians can watch the lacrosse games on TV or listen to the lacrosse games over the radio. At one time lacrosse was the national summer sport in Canada. Today it is still popular with Canadians.1.The passage is mainly about . A. How to Play Lacrosse B. Lacrosse in Canada C. The History of Lacrosse D. LacrosseA Popular Game in Canada 答案与解析：选D。作者先后两次提到“长曲棍球在加拿大很受欢迎”，显然选项D最符合短文的主题。4. 即主题句出现在文章的中间。通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、支撑或发展。例题： (2008年全国高考江苏卷C篇)The Sahara Festival is a celebration of the very recent past. The three-day event is not fixed to the same dates each year, but generally takes place in November or December. It is well attended by tourists, but even better attended by locals.During the opening ceremonies, after the official greetings from the government leaders, people who attend the festival begin to march smartly before the viewing stands, and white camels transport their riders across the sands. Horsemen from different nations display their beautiful clothes and their fine horsemanship. One following another, groups of musicians and dancers from all over the Sahara take their turn to show off their wonderful traditional culture. Groups of men in blue and yellow play horns and beat drums as they dance in different designs. On their knees in the sand, a group of women in long dark dresses dance with their hair: their long, dark, shiny hair is thrown back and forth in the wind to the rhythm of their dance.67. This passage mainly tells readers_.A. what happens on the opening day of the Sahara FestivalB. how people celebrate during the three-day Sahara FestivalC. what takes place at the closing ceremonies of the Sahara FestivalD. how animals race on the first and the last days of the Sahara Festival答案与解析：从文中第二段第一句话“During the opening ceremonies,”可以看出，本文主要是介绍“撒哈拉节”开幕式上的活动。答案选A。5. 即中心主题隐含在全文之中，没有明确的主题句。阅读这样的文章，就要求考生根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是，先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几个方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。该类型的试题则迎刃而解。例题1：(2008年全国高考安徽卷C篇)Handshaking, though a European practice is often seen in big cities of China. Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed (无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each others hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. “Lets shake (hands) on it” sometimes means agreement reached.Do the Europeans shake hands wherever they go and with whomever they meet? No. Sometimes the Chinese abroad reach out their hands too often to be polite. It is really very impolite to give your hand when the other party, especially when it is a woman, shows little interest in shaking hands with you and when the meeting does not mean anything to him or-her. Even if, for politeness, he holds out his unwilling hand in answer to your uninvited hand, just touch it slightly. There is generally a misunderstanding (误解) among the Chinese that westerners are usually open and straightforward, while the Chinese are rather reserved (保守的) in manner. But in fact some people in western countries more reserved than some Chinese today. So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.65. The first paragraph mainly tells us _. A. where handshaking was first practisedB. how handshaking came aboutC. about the relationship between handshaking and tradeD. about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China答案与解析：选B。主旨大意题。在文章第一段说明了握手的来历。实际上也就是谈论握手是怎样产生的。67. The main purpose of the text is _.A. to tell us some differences between the East and the WestB. to offer us some important facts about handshakingC. to introduce us to some different customs in the WestD. to give us some advice before we travel abroad答案与解析：选B。主旨大意题。本文没有明确的主题句，中心主题隐含在全文之中。明显的主题句。通读全文后可知，文章主要是给我们介绍了握手的一些具体事实。由此可知答案B正确。怎样选择或拟定文章的标题概括性或覆盖面如何。一般要求能覆盖全文内容，体现文章主旨。要避免下列三种情况：概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；过度概括（多表现为脱离本文章内容的发挥）；以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意。针对性，即标题范围要恰当，针对性强。要在阅读原文的基础上，醒目性，标题的选择要简洁、突出、新颖，标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响了文章的可读性，读者常常从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍。故标题一般比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，以此来吸引读者对文章的兴趣。最后要注意，要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方法。一般说来，拟定标题是以话题为核心，与控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想的词组。比如某一文章的中心句为：CHINA issued the first set of stamps depicting the top 128 Chinese family names on Thursday Nov. 18th 2004 in Beijing.话题：Stamps控制性概念：CHINA issued the first set of stamps depicting the top 128 Chinese family names标题：China issued 1st set of stamps on family names例题1：(2008年全国高考江西卷A篇)He wishes the holiday season would end already. His back aches, his red suit feels like a spacesuit, his cheeks have gone tight from smiling for 12 hours The questions from children these days are harder than ever. Now, with thousands of children expecting a father or mother serving in Iraq or Afghanistan, the questions are as heart-breaking as they are unanswerable. For example, “Can you please bring Daddy home from the war in time for Christmas morning?”Santas also have a pretty good chance of getting sued (指控)59What would be the best title for the passage? AChristmas: Not a Good Festival for Santas BIs Santa Claus Really Alive? CA Christmas Story DWhat Does Santa Claus Do for Children?答案与解析：选A。通览全文，由第一段首句“He wishes the holiday season would end already. His back aches”，第二段首句“The questions from children these days are harder than ever.”以及第三段首句 “Santas also have a pretty good chance of getting sued (指控).”，不难看出本文主要讲述圣诞老人的辛苦。A选项最恰当。文中没有谈及B选项内容，C选项标题范围太大,没有针对性，D选项没有概括文中内容。习题专练1Iceland, an island just south of the Arctic Circle, has fairly mild winters, thanks to warm ocean currents. Time your vacation here during the winter months to take advantage of off-season deals.Off-season means good deals on flights, hotels and tours. You may also find that the locals are a bit friendlier and more welcoming when tourists arent arriving in crowds.In the winter months, there are less than seven hours of daylight; thus, chances are good youll catch sight of the northern lights. Sunsets are also beautiful at this time, making for some great photo opportunities.In Iceland, winter is the perfect time to hike glacier