Unit6单元知识点（短语+句型+重难点句子）1

2015新目标九年级unit6重难点知识总结 四河初中 包望理一、重点单词1. please v. 使高兴 adj. pleased 高兴的， 愉快的 。用来形容人的形容词。adj. pleasant 令人愉快的，令人高兴的 。用来形容事物的。n. pleasure 高兴， 愉快 2. invent v. 发明 n. invention 发明 inventor 发明者 这样的动词有： act , collect , visit , operate , translate3.salt n. 盐adj. salty 咸的 4.Canada n. 加拿大adj.Canadian 加拿大的，5.popular adj.受欢迎的， 流行的n. popularity受欢迎，普及6.accident n. 事故 adj. accidental 意外的，偶然的 7.smell v. 闻到pt. / pp. smelt8. nation n. 国家，民族 adj. national 国家的【出处：9.translate v. 翻译 n. translation 翻译 translator 翻译，翻译者 10.sudden adj. 突然的adv. suddenly 突然地11.music n. 音乐adj. fession n. 职业adj. professional 职业的， 专业的二、重点短语1. have a point 有道理 2. be used for 用来做 3.be used as 被用作4. make a list 列表， 列清单 5. Dont mention it 不客气 （用来回答感谢的）6.by mistake 错误地7. divideinto 把分开 8.look up to 钦佩， 仰慕com9.not only but also 不但而且10.in the end 最后，终于11.for fun 为了娱乐 12. at the same time 同时13. dream of /about 梦见，梦到14.stop from 阻止做某事15. by accident 偶然， 意外地 16. take place 发生，出现 17.fall into 掉入，落入 2118.without doubt 毫无疑问，的确 19. all of a sudden 突然，猛地20.make tea 沏茶 21.less than 不足22.know about=learn about 了解 23.at a low price 以低的价格224.translate into 把译成25. be similar to 与相似26. take notes 做笔记 27. be used for 用来做 28. lead to 导致29. come up with = think up 提出，想出三、语法讲解1. with prep. 带有， 具有 与后面的名词一起构成介宾短语常作定语。shoes with lights 带着灯的鞋 shoes with special heels 有特殊鞋跟的鞋 Kelly , whos the girl glasses in the photo ?Its me . I used to wear glasses and have long hair . A by B of C on D with 2. such adj. 如此的，这样的， 用来修饰名词。常用结构为： such + a / an + adj. + 单数可数名词 =so + adj. + a / an + 单数可数名词 This is such a nice horse . 这是一匹如此好的马。 = such + adj. + 复数可数名词 There are such good books in the library . 21 such + adj. + 不可数名词 She has made such great progress in the exam . 3. pleased adj. 高兴的，满意的 be pleased with 对高兴 / 满意 I am pleased with your answer . 我对你的回答很满意。 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的，用来形容物的。 Its a pleasant vacation . 这是一次令人愉快的假期。 pleasure n. 高兴， 乐趣 ， 愉快 With pleasure 非常愿意， 用来慷慨应允别人的请求的。 My pleasure .不客气很乐意效劳 对别人表示感谢的一种礼貌回答 Thank you for your help . My pleasure . Will you come with me ? With pleasure .4. the first / second / last to do sth . 第一个 / 第二个 / 最后一个做某事的人。 Mr Brown is the last to leave school . 布朗先生是最后一个离开学校的。5. happen v. 发生 指客观事件的发生， 具有偶然性、未能预见的含义。 When did the accident happen ? 事故什么时候发生的？ happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 take place 发生 指某些历史事件或会议的发生以及化学、物理变化的发生，含有事先预料或计划的意思， 没有偶然的含义。 In 1919, the May 4th Movement took place in China . 6. invent v. 发明创造，主要指发明一种世上原本不存在的东西，如电灯、收音机 、汽车等。 discover v. 发现 指发现一种世上本来就存在的，只是人们现在才认识到的东西，如溶洞、古迹化石等。 When was the computer invented ? 电脑是什么时候发明的？ Columbus discovered America in 1492 .哥伦布在1492年发现了美洲。7. advise v. 建议 advise sb. to do sth . 建议某人做某事 I advise you not to miss the early bus . 我建议你不要错过早班车。 n. advice 不可数名词 建议 give sb. some advice on 给某人提有关的建议 Teacher often gives us some useful advice on English study . 8.mistake n. 错误 make a mistake 犯错误 by mistake 错误地，无意中v. 弄错 mistake for 错把当成He put salt into your tea by mistake 他错把盐放进你的茶里。9.stop v. 阻止，停止 stop to do sth. (不定式作目的状语) 停下来去做某事stop doing sth .（动名词作宾语）停止做某事stop (from )doingkeepfrom=preventfrom 阻止做某事The heavy rain stopped us from arriving there on time . 大雨阻止了我们按时到达那里 10.encourage v. 鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth . 鼓励某人做某事The teacher encouraged the students to study . 11.achieve v. 实现 ，获得 主语为人 n. achievement 成就come true 实现 主语通常是“愿望、理想、梦想”等表示物的名词。 Our dream will come true . 我们的梦想会实现的。We have achieved our aims. 我们实现了我们的目标。 12. not only but also 不但而且 neithernor 既不也不 either or或者或者 这三个连接主语时动词就近原则，即：动词与靠近它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。bothand 和都 连接主语时动词用复数。13. It is believed that 人们相信 / 人们认为It is said that 据说 It is reported that据报道It is supposed that 据猜测 It is known that 众所周知It is said that he got good scores in the math exam .14 include v. 包括prep. including 包括使用时前面用逗号隔开。15.the number of + 可数名词复数 “的数量”，做主语时动词用单数。a number of + 可数名词复数 “许多，大量”，做主语时动词为复数。16.lead v. 领导，引导 pt. / pp. led n. leader 领导者lead sb. to do sth . 领导某人做某事The girl often leads the old to cross the street . 这个女孩经常领老人过马路17. use sth. to do sth .用某物做某事We use pens to write .我们用钢笔写字。 18. I think the TV was invented before the car. 我认为电视是在轿车之前发明的。19. -When was the telephone invented? - 电话是什么时候发明的？ -I think it was invented in 1876. -我认为电话是在1876年被发明的。20. -What are they used for? -他们可用来做什么？ -They are used for changing the style of the shoes -他们可用来改变鞋子的样式。21. -When was the zipper invented? -拉链是什么时候发明的？ -It was invented in 1893 .-它是在1893年被发明的。22. -Who was it invented by? -它是由谁发明的？-It was invented by Whitcomb Judson. -它是被惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。23. -When was tea brought to Korea? -茶是什么时候被带到韩国的？ -It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.-它是在六至七世纪被带到韩国的。24. -What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for? 这个热的冰其淋勺子是用来做什么的？-Its used for serving really cold ice-cream 它是用来提供真正冷的冰其淋。25.invent (v.)发明；创造invent 指发明创造出自然界本来不存在的东西，如工具、方法、手段、汽车、电器、合成材料等。Bell invented the telephone. 贝尔发明了电话。Smith invented a new teaching method. 史密斯发明了一种新的教学方法。【横向辐射】discover, find, create 1.discover是“发现”的意思，是指发现原来就有而一直没被发现，如发现电、煤、石油等矿藏及新星、星系或科学真理等。Columbus discovered America in 1492.1492年哥伦布发现了新大陆。Recently they have discovered a comet. 最近他们发现了一颗彗星。2.find的意思是“寻找”，强调找的结果，并不指发现。Ive tried to find another copy but couldnt find one.我试图再找一本，但没能弄到。3.create指有目的地把原材料制成新产品，也指创造出原来不存在的或与众不同的事物。Man creates himself. 人类创造了自己。【课堂变式】根据语境提示，用invent, discover，find或create的形式填空1.When _ the stream engine（蒸汽机） _?2. I cant _ my bike, Im looking for it. 3. Scientists are now trying to _ if this is possible.4. Do you know who_ the plane？5. He _quite a number of wonderful characters in his play.【解析】I.1.was, invented 2.find 3.discover 4.invented 5. created26. be used for 用来做此短语中的for是介词，表示用途，后接名词或动词-ing形式。An orange is used for medicine. 桔子可以入药。A pen is used for writing. 钢笔用来写字。【横向辐射】be used as& be used by 1.be used as 意为“被用作”，介词as表示“作为”，其后一般接名词，强调使用的工具及手段。English is used as the second language in many countries. 英语在许多国家被当作第二语言使用。This room is used as their office.这人房间被用作他们的办公室。2.be used by 意为“被使用”，介词by后面接动作的执行者（宾语）。English is used by travelers and business people all over the world. 全世界的旅行者和商人们使用英语。Tractors are used by the farmers. 农民使用拖拉机。【课堂变式】1. 在中国英语作为外语来使用。_2.教师用粉笔。_3.毛衣是用来保暖的。_1. English is used as a foreign language in China. 2. Chalk is used by teachers. 3. A sweater is used for keeping warm.27. pleasure n. 高兴，愉快； 常用于口语中；its my pleasure. With pleasure.Its my pleasure to help you look after your pet cat.我感到很荣幸帮你照看你的宠物猫。【横向辐射】please, pleased, pleasure, pleasant 的区别一、please1.表请求或要求的语气。是动词（及物动词）。-Come in, please.请进来吧。（或Pease come in）-Sit down, please.请坐。（或Please sit down）2.表“讨好，讨人喜欢；喜欢”（不及物动词）或者“使高兴，使满意，使喜欢”（及物动词）-Go where you please.你想去哪就去哪。 -What pleases you best?你最喜欢什么？ 二、pleased形容词。表示“高兴的，喜欢的，满意的”。它指的是人主观上感到的满足心理-Im pleased to see you!见到你真高兴！常用句型有：be pleased to do sth.高兴做某事be pleased at/about/with/by 对感到满意/高兴be pleased that从句 对 感到满意/高兴三、pleasant形容词。表示“令人愉快的”“让人感到满意”。主语一般为物。The walk was very pleasant. 那次散步很（让人）愉快。四、pleasure名词 表示“满足；乐趣；消遣、娱乐”Its a pleasure to read this book. 读这本书真是件乐事。【课堂变式】（1）根据句意，用pleasant, pleased或pleasure填空。1. I had a _ time. 2. He will be _ to help you. 3. Reading gives me great _.4. It gives me _to see you looking happy.5. We spent a _ day in the country.【解析】1.pleasant 2.pleased 3. pleasure 4.pleasure 5. pleasant （2）I think it is impossible to make everyone_. A. please B. pleased C. pleasant D. pleasure【解析】由句意可知，要让每个人高兴是不可能的。pleased表示“高兴的，喜欢的”; 故选B。28.When was it invented? 它是何时发明的？本句用于询问某个物品的发明时间，结构为“When + was+某项物品+invented？”，其中was invented是一般过去时的被动语态，其基本结构是“was/were + 过去分词”This book was bought yesterday. 这本书是昨天买的。【课堂变式】1.We _not to play computer games. A. are told B. have told C. told D. tell 【解析】tell sb not to do sth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，这里的主语we是tell这个动作的承受者，故应用被动语态，应选。2.Will you come to the dinner party?I wont come unless Jenny _.A. will be invited B. can be invited C. invited D. is invited【解析】在unless 引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时来表示将来。根据句意“如果詹妮没有得到邀请，我就不会来。”确定选。3. Im sorry you cant go in now. The room _ yet. A. hasnt been cleaned B. hasnt cleaned C. isnt been cleaned D. isnt being cleaned【解析】由Im sorry you cant go in now.可知房间还没有打扫，再加上the room是clean这个动作的承受者，应用现在完成时的被动语态，故选。4.A talk on science _ in our school next Monday. A. will give B. will be given C. has given D. has been given【解析】主语A talk 是动词give的承受者，应用被动语态。再根据next Monday 确定用一般将来时，故选。29.remain (v.) 保持；剩余；残余remain意为“停留，留下”，相等于stay。“呆在那里”可以说remain / stay there，但“呆在家里”只能说stay (at) home。She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。They all wished us to remain. 他们都希望我们留下来。【横向辐射】remain作连系动词remain用作连系动词，意为“保持(某种状态)，继续存在，仍旧是”，后面接形容词，名词，分词，不定式或介词短语。【例句】She remained sitting when they came in他们进来时，她仍然坐着(没有站起来)。Peter became a manager but John remained a worker. 彼得当上了经理,但约翰仍然是一个工人。Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest. 无论你取得了多么大的进步,你都应一直保持谦虚。This remains to be proved. 这有待证实。(将来被动动作)Whether it will do us good remains to be seen. 这是否对我们有好处,还要看一看。【课堂变式】The leaves _in the water for a long time. A. came B. remained C. lived D. arrived 【解析】根据for a long time可知是指树叶在水中停留了很长时间，正确答案是B。30. by accident偶然地；意外地He made this mistake by accident.他犯这个错误纯属偶然。【课堂变式】She found her keys _when she cleaned her room after she lost them two weeks ago. A. with mistake B. in this way C. by accident D. with pleasure 【解析】由when she cleaned her room after she lost them two weeks ago可知她是偶然地找到了她丢失的钥匙，正确答案是C。31. In England, tea didnt appear until around 1660.在英国，茶直到1660年才出现。此句是由until引导的时间状语从句。not. until 意为“只到才”。She didnt leave until I felt better.只到我感觉好点了，她才离开。【横向辐射】until的用法until常用作介词或连词，用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。1. 在肯定句中，until与延续性、持续性动词连用，表示“直到为止”。I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。2. 在否定句中，until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用，表示“直到才”，“不到不”。The rain didnt stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。I wont leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我，我不会离开。【课堂变式】How was your climbing Mount. Huang?I didnt believe I could do it _I got to the top.A. until B. while C. after D. and【解析】考查连词用法。notuntil直到才。根据句意“直到我爬到山顶我才相信我能做到”可知选A。32.by mistake 错误地by mistake 是介词短语，意为“错误地；无意地；不小心地”，指由于错误的判断而千百万的失误，常在句中作状语。I took your bag instead of mine by mistake.我错拿了你的手提包，还以为是我的呢。Susan forgot her key and locked herself out by mistake.苏珊忘了带钥匙，误把自己关在门外了。【横向辐射】mistake.formistake.for把错认为, 错把当作She mistook him for the professor.她把他错当作教授了。【课堂变式】Im sorry Ive taken your dictionary _ because they have the same color. It doesnt matter. A. at once B. by mistake C. in general D. as well 【解析】由because they have the same color可知是错拿了词典，正确答案是B。33.George wanted to make the customer happy. 乔治想让顾客开心.句中的make意为“使得”，happy是形容词，作宾语you的补足语，对宾语起补充说明作用，常用的结构为“make名词/代词形容词”。The bad news makes her sad. 那个坏消息使得她伤心不已。A boy broke the window. It made the headmaster angry. 一个孩子打碎了玻璃。这使得校长很生气。【温馨提示】当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。【横向辐射】make的其他相关句式1.“make宾语n”意为使/让某人 / 某物(成为)”。【例句】We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。2.“make宾语do sth”意为“使某人做某事”。 在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式 to 要还原。Our te