Reading阅读20篇.doc

Part 1 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice)(每小题：1 分)Directions: Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the same passage or dialog.Charlie Chaplin has broken all records in making people laugh. No one has so set a whole world laughing as the little man with the walking stick and the oversized shoes. Much has been written about Chaplins art and his career, and opinions have ranged widely. But perhaps those who called him the truest human being of our time came closest to the truth. Those who have called him a genius stress the timeless and common qualities in his work. It is an art filled with sad elements and deep human feeling, with which an audience cannot help but become involved. It is for these reasons, I believe, that the figure of Charlie has attracted generation after generation.All the writers who give accounts of Chaplins life agree that Charlies unhappy early years in the area in London where houses were dirty and worn had a great influence on his development and on the type of films he made. Chaplin himself emphasizes it in his memoirs (回忆录). The more one reads about his earliest period, the more one tends to agree. Indeed, his suffering youth had a lasting influence on him.Chaplin was never afraid to deal with subjects causing much disagreement in his films. He gave a humorous performance on war only a few weeks before the American soldiers came home from World War I in 1918. This was regarded as madness, but the performance was well received. So perfectly did it hit the nail on the head that even the returning soldiers found it impossible to hate it and deeply appreciated this short and humorous performance on what for them had been an unpleasant reality. Chaplin gave numerous performances attacking capital governments, satirizing (讽刺) the cruelty of the machine age, and even making fun of Hitler.Years after his death, the funny films of motion picture actor and director Charlie Chaplin continue to be well loved. He is particularly well known for his success as a creator of humorous presentations that make fun of people, the establishment, or networks.1.All of the following about Charlie Chaplin are true except _.A. he was born in the USAB. he was a great film actorC. he had an unhappy early lifeD. he made fun of Hitler in one of his films2.According to the author, Charlie Chaplin has been well loved by generation after generation because _.A. he set the whole world laughingB. his performances get people involvedC. his works appeal to people in different periodsD. both B and C3.According to the writers of Charlie Chaplins life history, _ had a strong influence on the type of films he made.A. the society in which he livedB. the audience who praised and admired himC. his unhappy early years in the poor area in LondonD. those who called him a genius4.According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. There are timeless qualities in Chaplins work because he didnt involve himself in political affairs.B. Chaplin became well loved years after his death.C. Chaplins performance is funny without any sad elements.D. Chaplins films are the combinations of funny and sad elements.5.This passage was _.A. written by Charlie ChaplinB. written about Charlie ChaplinC. advertising one of Charlie Chaplins filmsD. written for students to learn film-makingQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the same passage or dialog.Culture shock might be called an expected disease of people who have suddenly moved to some foreign countries. Like most diseases, it has its own symptoms and cure. Culture shock is started by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and sights of social activities. Those signs or cues (提示) include the thousand and one ways in which we find our place in the situation of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These cues, which may be words, gestures, expressions with the face, customs, or norms, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry on the level of conscious awareness.Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be, a number of supports have been knocked out from under you followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. People respond to the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort. The ways of the host country are bad because they make me feel bad. When foreigners in a strange land get together to complain about the host country and its people, you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock. Another stage of culture shock is regression. The home country suddenly assumes a great importance. To the foreigner everything becomes much greater than it really is. All the difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality.6.According to the passage, culture shock is _.A. an expected disease of foreign peopleB. may lead to very serious symptoms.C actually not a diseaseD. something that cant be changed7.According to the passage, culture shock results from _.A. the sudden loss of our own signs and sights of social activitiesB. the sudden change of our daily habitsC. the sudden change of the social situation and customsD. the discomfort that we feel when faced with a foreigner8.Which one of the following may NOT be the symptoms of culture shock?A. You dont know how to express your thanks.B. You dont know how to greet other people.C. You suddenly forget what a word means.D. You dont understand why a foreigner acts in a certain way.9.How would a person who stays abroad most probably act when he is frustrated by the culture shock according to the passage?A. He is most likely to refuse to absorb the strange environment at first.B. He may begin to hate the people or things around him.C. He is ready to accept the change and change himself to the new environment.D. Although he takes the cultural differences to be regular, he still doesnt know what to do with them.10.This passage is most likely taken from _.A. a news reportB. a grammar bookC. a book on medicine and psychologyD. an essay on human customsQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the same passage or dialog.In the United States, work is influenced by laws. Laws affect how long people work, what they are paid, and the conditions under which they work. To see how important work laws are, just look back to the year 1900. At that time, there were few laws about working conditions. In those days, people would work for months and then find that the money they made had been cut. If they complained, they were fired. If they became sick, it was just too bad. There were no paid sick days and no health plans.Some factories at that time were dark, crowded, and generally awful places to work in. People in these factories worked 12-to-18-hour shifts, 6 days a week for very little money. Most of the workers were women and children. In those days, women were generally paid half of what men were paid for doing exactly the same work. Children were given even less, so naturally, factory owners preferred hiring children. There were no health or safety laws to protect the workers. People fainted from the heat and lack of air.It took a very sad event to start getting changes. That sad event was the Triangle Fire. In 1911, the Triangle Building in New York City caught fire. The building was a dangerous place. Still, 145 people would not have died if the factory owner had not locked the doors. He did not want his workers to waste time by going outside to rest, so he locked them in. During the fire, a number of young women jumped out of the windows and died on the street. The others died inside.As a result, some important safety and health laws were passed. Now there are also laws to prevent child labor and laws to make sure that there is equal pay for equal work. Among other things, there is a limit to the number of hours in the workday and there is a minimum amount that workers must be paid.11.In America, _.A. laws have little influence on workB. people couldnt work without lawsC. people couldnt work without lawsD. people can change laws easily12.In the old days, if workers made complaints, they would _.A. have their health plans taken awayB. find their money cutC. lose their jobsD. be given terrible places to work13.Factory owners preferred hiring children because _.A. children eat lessB. they could manage children betterC. children could do adults workD. they paid children much less money14.Some changes took place as a result of _.A. a traffic accidentB. a serious diseaseC. the death of many workers in a fireD. a strike by the workers15.Now there are laws for all of the following except _.A. allowing workers to take holidaysB. preventing children from being employedC. making sure that there is equal pay for equal workD. limiting work hoursQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the same passage or dialog.Television carries more national advertising than any other medium in the United States. The same is true in some smaller countries such as Spain and Portugal, where it is the only medium reaching a general national audience. In many countries, (Sweden and Denmark, for example) the state-owned television accepts no advertising. In many other countries the amount of commercial (商业广告) time is very much limited, as in France, Germany, and Italy. Russian state-owned television began accepting a limited amount of advertising in 1988. The chief reason that television is so well liked among United States advertisers is that it reaches a vast number of people at the same time. While it can cost well over 100,000 dollars, a 30-second commercial on network television can be seen and heard by as many as 25 million viewers. For companies that must make prospects aware of their products and convince them of their benefits immediately, there is nothing as efficient as television advertising.Because it employs motion as well as words, pictures, sounds, and music, television is a valuable medium for products that lend themselves to demonstration. No other medium is as effective in showing how quickly an automobile can move or how well a certain type of wristwatch will stand up under heavy use and continue to run. In the same way, it is an ideal medium for showing how some products can make a person feel better about him- or herself, such as long-distance telephone calls.16.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. There is less advertising on TV in Spain than in Sweden.B. One can never see any commercial on TV in Denmark since it is not accepted at all.C. The amount of commercial time is very much limited in most European countries.D. French people dont have to worry about being troubled by commercials.17.According to the passage, what is the main reason United States advertisers like television so much?A. It communicates information more quickly.B. Every household has at least one TV set.C. It communicates information to a vast number of people at the same time.D. American people love watching TV more than reading.18.The word prospects in the 2nd paragraph means _.A. potential customersB. competitorsC. working staff at TV stationsD. partners19.Which of the following is employed in TV advertising?A. MotionB. Sounds and music.C. PicturesD. All of the above.20.Which of the following statements is true?A. Television is as efficient as newspaper in demonstration benefits of a certain product or service.B. Television is a valuable medium in demonstrating benefits of a certain product or service.C. TV commercials can hardly help to communicate feelings.D. People use advertising on TV whenever necessary because of its effectiveness.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the same passage or dialog.A little noticed change has been taking place in our time-world. The arrival of digital (数字的) time has been changing the way we act and think. I believe that it has put us to a higher level of anxiety, with greater expectations of efficiency. The old, round, hand-moved time still kept a certain connection to the natural flow of things, to the roundness of the earth, and to the changes of light and seasons. Old, round time was outside ourselves, far enough removed from us so we could ignore it if we so chose.It is not so with digital time, which is a beat. It beats instead of turning. It makes a sound like the sound of the heart and thus places itself smoothly into the body. More and more, we mistake its regular beat for our own, thus mistaking the demands of the world for our wishes.Before wrist watches, time used to live in towers in the centers of towns. At that distance, it could be seen by everybody, but only if they so wished. It took an effort, an actual visit to time. But then something happened. Time began to live with us, and now it is beginning to live in us.I remember what it was like to be a child, absorbed in the endlessly changeable thing of time. For me there was only child time, divided meaninglessly and quite painfully by the orders of the parents into Bedtime, Wakeup Time, and School Time. But within each of those divisions (分割), Eternity still ruled. Later, of course, they managed to infect me with the anxious demands of clock time. Very soon, all that remained was the anxiety of that which was exact. The fast beats of the timepiece (时钟) cut Eternity to pieces.Occasionally, I stop long enough to recall the times of childhood, but not often enough. Like everybody else, I am helpless before the new technologies. Time is a virus, and it is growing stronger.21.Digital time has changed how we act and think by _.A. allowing us to work with more efficiencyB. giving us more time to do what we likeC. causing us to be more anxiousD. having us expect more of others22.The author thinks that the old clocks _.A. are somehow linked with the seasonal changesB. stay closer to people than a digital watchC. are connected with humans handsD. work better than a wrist watch23.Before watches, clocks were located _.A. everywhere for everyone to seeB. wherever a person wishedC. on the wristD. in the center of town24.In the authors early childhood memory, _.A. time was a concrete thingB. time seemed to have no endC. he fought against his parents idea of timeD. he enjoyed the anxiety of precision (精确)25.The authors attitude towards time in the modern world is _.A. positiveB. unclearC. negativeD. in the middleQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the same passage or dialog.In the United States 84 colleges now accept just women. Most of these colleges were established in the 19th century; they were designed to offer women the education they could not receive anywhere else. At that time major universities and colleges accepted only men. In the past 20 years many young women have chosen to study at colleges that accept both men and women. As a result some womens colleges decided to accept men students too. Others, however, refused to change. Now these schools are popular (流行的) again. The president of Trinity College (三一大学) in Washington, D.C. said that by the end of the 1980s women began to recognize that studying at the same school with men did not mean women were having an equal chance to learn. The president of Smith College in Massachusetts says a womens college permits women to choose classes and activities freely. For example, she says that in a womens college a higher percentage of students studies mathematics than in a college with both men and women.Educational experts say men students in the United States usually speak in class more than women students do. In a womens college, women feel freer to say what they think. Womens schools also bring out leadership capabilities in many women. Women are represented everywhere. For example, at a womens college every governing office is held by a woman. Recent studies reportedly show that this leadership continues after college. American women who went to womens colleges are more likely to hold successful jobs later in life.26.Womens colleges were established to _.A. give women the same right of education that men enjoyB. make changes to the traditional educational system (系统)C. defy mens privilege (特权) in societyD. train women in particular fields27.Studying at the same school with men does not mean _.A. women can do the same thing as menB. that women are given the same chance as menC. women are allowed more freedom to develop themselvesD. the pres