数据采集外文翻译.docx

附录附录A外文资料Data CollectionAt present,the management of Chinas colleges and universities apartments are developing toward standardization and market development,accidents have occurred in electricity,while some colleges and universities have installed apartment energy metering control system,however,these systems monitor the prevalence of low level,billing accuracy is low,electricity-sharing,the network number of the drawbacks of low extent.Therefore，improving the Energy Measurement monitoring device has become more urgentThe issue of student hostels in colleges and universities to monitor energy metering system to study，design the student hostels in colleges and universities of the electricity data collector apartment.Data acquisition, also known as data acquisition, is the use of a device that collect data from outside the system and enter into an interface within the system.Data acquisition technology is widely cited in the various fields.Such as camera, microphone, all data collection tools.Data is being collected has been converted to electrical signals of various physical quantities such as temperature, water level, wind speed, pressure, etc., can be analog, it can be digital.Sample collection generally means that a certain time interval (called the sampling period) to repeat the same point of data collection.The data collected are mostly instantaneous value, but also a feature within a certain period of time value.Accurate data measurement is the basis for data collection.Data measurement method of contact and non-contact detection elements varied.Regardless of which method and components are measured object does not affect the status and measurement environment as a precondition to ensure the accuracy of the data.Very broad meaning of data collection, including continuous physical hold the collection across the state.In computer-aided mapping, surveying and mapping, design, digital graphics or image data acquisition process may also be called, this time to be collected is the geometric volume (or include physical quantities, such as gray)data.1 In todays fast-growing Internet industry, data collection has been widely used in the field of Internet and distributed data acquisition field has undergone important changes.First, the distributed control applications in intelligent data acquisition system at home and abroad have made great progress.Second, the bus-compatible data acquisition plug-in number is increasing, and personal computer-compatible data acquisition system the number is increasing.Various domestic and international data collection machine has come out, the data acquisition into a new era.Digital signal processor (DSP) to the high-speed data processing ability and strong peripherals interface, more and more widely used in power quality analysis field, in order to improve the real-time and reliability.The DSP and microcomputer as the center of the system, realize the power system signal collection and analysis. This paper based on the FFT algorithm with window interpolation electric system harmonic analysis, improves the accuracy of the power quality parameters. In electricity parameter acquisition circuit, by highaccuracy transformer and improve software synchronous communication sampling method to conduct electricity parameters of the acquisition. The system consists of two main components, mainly complete data acquisition and logic control.To synchronous sampling and A/D converter circuit priority . The DSP development board(SY-5402EVM),complete data processing. THE signal after transformer, op-amp into A/D converter, using DSP multi-channel buffer (McBSP) and serial port (A/D connected, data collection and operations. At the same time, adopt PLL circuit implementation synchronous sampling, can prevent well due to sampling synchronization and cause the measuring error. The overall system diagram of the A/D converter chooses the Analog to produce stats redetect (AD) company AD73360. The chip has six analogue input channel, each channel can output 16 the digital quantity. Six channel simultaneous sampling, and conversion, timeshare transmission, effectively reduce generated due to the sampling time different phase error. SY - 5402EVM on-board DSP chip is TI companys 16 fixed-point digital signal processor TMS320VC5402. It has high costperformance and provide high-speed, bidirectional, multi-channel belt cushion, be used to serial port with system of other serial devices directly interface.The realization method of ac sample：In the field of power quality analysis,The fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm analysis of electric system harmonic is commonly used.and the FFT algorithm to signal a strict requirements synchronous sampling. The synchronous sampling influence: its difficult to accomplish synchronous sampling and integer a period truncation in the actual measurement, so there was a affect the measurement accuracy of the frequency spectrum leakage problem. The signal has to deal with through sampling and A/D conversion get limited long digital sequence,the original signal multiplied by A rectangular window to truncated. Time-domain truncation will cause the detuning frequency domain, spectrum leakage occurs. In the synchronous sampling, because the actual signal every harmonic component cant exactly landed in frequency resolution point in, but fall between the frequency resolution points. But FFT spectrum is discrete, only in all sampling points, while in other places of spectrum is not. Such through FFT and cannot directly get every harmonic component, but only the accurate value in neighboring frequency resolution point value to approximate instead of, can cause the fence effect error.The realization method of synchronous sampling signal：According to provide different ways of sampling signal, synchronous sampling method and divided into software synchronous sampling method and hardware synchronous sampling method is two kinds. Software is synchronous sampling method by micro controller (MCU) or DSP provide synchronized sampling pulse, first measured the measured signal, the sampling interval period T T = T/N (N for week of sampling points), Thus the count value determined timer,Use timing interrupt way realization synchronous sampling. The advantage of this method is no hardware synchronous circuit, simple structure .This topic will be the eventual realization of access to embedded systems，the realization of the power measurement and monitoring,monitoring system to meet the electricity network,intelligence requirement,it promote the development of remote monitoring services,bringing a certain degree of socio.economic effectiveness.On the fundamental reactive current and harmonic current detection, there are mainly 2 ways: First, the instantaneous reactive power theory based method, the second is based on adaptive cancellation techniques.In addition, there are other non-mainstream approach, such as fast Fourier transform method, wavelet transform.Instantaneous power theory based on the method of offensive principles are: a three-phase current detection and load phase voltage A, the coordinate transformation, two-phase stationary coordinate system the current value, calculate the instantaneous active and instantaneous reactive power ip iq,then after coordinate transformation, three-phase fundamental active current, with the final load current minus the fundamental current, active power and harmonic currents are fundamental iah, ibhi, ich.From:Principles of Data Acquisitio 数据采集目前，我国高校公寓管理正在向着正规化、市场化发展，在不断提高学生方便用电的同时，用电事故频有发生，虽然部分高校公寓已经安装了电能计量监控系统，但这些系统普遍存在着监控程度低、计费精度不高、电费均分、网络程度低等诸多端。因此，对于电能计量监控装置的改进变得更加紧急。本课题以高校学生公寓宿舍电能计量监控系统为研究对象，设计了对学生公寓的电能数据采集器。数据采集，又称数据获取，是利用一种装置，从系统外部采集数据并输入到系统内部的一个接口。数据采 集技术广泛引用在各个领域。比如摄像头，麦克风，都是数据采集工具。被采集数据是已被转换为电讯号的各种物理量，如温度、水位、风速、压力等，可以是模拟量，也可以是数字量。采集一般是采样方式，即隔一定时间（称采样周期）对同一点数据重复采集。采集的数据大多是瞬时值，也可是某段时间内的一个特征值。准确的数据量测是数据采集的基础。数据量测方法有接触式和非接触式，检测元件多种多样。不论哪种方法和元件，均以不影响被测对象状态和测量环境为前提，以保证数据的正确性。数据采集含义很广，包抱对面状连续物理量的采集。在计算机辅助制图、测图、设计中，对图形或图像数字化过程也可称为数据采集，此时被采集的是几何量（或包括物理量，如灰度）数据。在互联网行业快速发展的今天，数据采集已经被广泛应用于互联网及分布式领域，数据采集领域已经发生了重要的变化。首先，分布式控制应用场合中的智能数据采集系统在国内外已经取得了长足的发展。其次,总线兼容型数据采集插件的数量不断增大,与个人计算机兼容的数据采集系统的数量也在增加。国内外各种数据采集机先后问世，将数据采集带入了一个全新的时代。数字信号处理器（DSP）以其高速的数据处理能力和强大的外设接口，越来越广泛地被使用于电能质量分析领域，以提高系统的实时性和可靠性。本系统以DSP和单片机为心，实现了对系统中信号的采集和分析。本文采用基于加窗插值的FFT算法分析系统谐波，提高了各项电能质量参数的准确性。在电能参数采集电路中，采用高精度的互感器和改进的软件同步交流采样方法进行电力参数的采集。系统硬件由两大部分组成，主要完成数据采集和逻辑控制任务，以同步采样和A/D转换电路为主。一块DSP开发板(SY-5402EVM)，完成数据的处理。信号经过互感器、运放送入A/D转换器，利用DSP的多通道缓冲串口（McBSP）与A/D相连，进行数据的采集和运算。同时，采用锁相环电路实现同步采样，能很好地抑制由于采样不同步而造成的测量误差。系统总体框图这里的A/D转换器选用的是Analog Devices(AD)公司的AD73360。该芯片具有六个模拟