高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 专题一 阅读理解 第三节 题组练习 3 环境保护课件.ppt

题组3环境保护 专题一阅读理解第三节题组训练 a 2017 第二次全国大联考 itseemedthatwhatihavefearedinthepasthasbecometrueeventually inthelast19yearsihavetakenamericanstudentstomanychinesecities theairpollutioninbeijingandotherbigcitieswevisitedhavebeensimplyshocking everytimewhenmystudentscommentedabouttheairqualityinchinaandhowtheymissedtheblueskiesintheusmyhearthurts infact ididnotexpectthatchinesegovernmentorthechinesepeoplewouldhaveacceptedmyadvicein1994whenifirstraisedthatquestion orin1997whenipublishedthearticleinchinaandtheworld iunderstoodthepotentialharmsofcarstohumanhealthbecauseisawandlivedthroughitintheus in2006 oneofthereaderswhoreadmyarticleonlinecommentedwithangerthatsomeoneactuallywarnedaboutthepotentialproblemsoftheuncontrolledspreadofprivatecars andnothinghappened forthemajorityofchinesepeoplewhodidnothavecars andwhowereadmiringthewondersandcomfortcarsbringingtolife thetemptationofcarswasirresistibleatthetime ihadayoungchinesefriendwheniwasstudyinginboston heboughtacarbeforehelearnedhowtodrive hestartedtodrivethefirstnighthegotthecarbeforehehadadriverlicense thepolicecaughthimdrivinghiscararound2 00inthemorningintheneighborhood thepolicedecidedtolethimgobecausehetoldthepolicethathecamefromchina andthatithadbeenhisdreamtoownanddriveacar nowhehadacar andhesimplycouldnotsleepanymore hewastooeagertodrivehiscar nowthechinesegovernmentandchinesepeopleseewiththeirowneyeswhatharmstheuncontrolledownershipofcarcandototheircitiesandtheirhealth ihopethatthechinesepeopleandchinesegovernmentwouldbeabletotakesomedrasticmeasurestodealwiththisairpollutionproblemswhichthreatentheirownhealthnow 语篇解读本文作者讲到了中国现在极差的空气质量正是他之前所预料的 委婉地指出了过去中国政府对大气污染不够重视 政策和措施不到位 面对当前的雾霾天气 作者希望中国政府和人民采取严厉措施来处理大气污染问题 语篇解读 1 wheredoestheauthorprobablycomefrom a china b america c notmentioned d i mnotsure 解析推理判断题 根据第二段最后一句 iunderstoodthepotentialharmsofcarstohumanhealthbecauseisawandlivedthroughitintheus 可知作者是美国人 故选b 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 2 theunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraphmeans a hedrovehiscarcarelesslyb hedidn tlikedrivinghiscarc hewantedtodrivehiscaratonced hewassoeagerthathecouldn tdrivehiscar 解析句意理解题 根据画线句前面的 thatithadbeenhisdreamtoownanddriveacar nowhehadacar andhesimplycouldnotsleepanymore 可知 他非常渴望开车 从语法角度考虑 tooeagertodo 表示肯定意义 故选c 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 3 fromthepassagewecaninfer a thechinesefriendbegantodrivehiscarwithoutadriverlicenseb theauthorpredictedthepotentialharmsofcarstohumanhealthat19c thechinesefriendbegantodrivehiscarassoonashegotadriverlicensed inthepastthechinesegovernmenttookmanymeasurestopreventairpollution 解析推理判断题 根据最后一段最后一句可知d项错误 根据第二段的内容可知作者在90年代就预测到雾霾对中国人的健康有危害 而不是19岁时 所以b项错误 根据第四段中的句子 heboughtacarbeforehelearnedhowtodrive hestartedtodrivethefirstnighthegotthecarbeforehehadadriverlicense 可知c项与文章矛盾 a项正确 故选a 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 4 whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage a theauthor sconcernwasnecessary b airpollutionproblemsneedtobesolved c somereaderonceblamedtheauthor sarticle d theairqualityofchinaismorethansatisfying 解析细节理解题 纵观全文 都是围绕着中国的空气质量差进行叙述 故d项与文章意思矛盾 故选d 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 b 2017 山西重点中学协作体模拟 sportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnature however whetheryouareonthemountains inthewaves oronthegrassland youshouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment somesportsareresource hungry golf asyoumayknow eatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountryside butalsotonsofwater besides allsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses 球场 ingoodcondition thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects forexample inthedryregionsofportugalandspain golfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas therearemanyenvironment friendlysports powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday youdon tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes andyoudon thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse simpleandfree powerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit ifyouwalkregularly itwillbegoodforyourheartandbones expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxious sleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol whateversportyoutakeup youcanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials butthefinalgoalshouldbe greengyms theyarebetterreplacements 代替物 fortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoors inthecountrysideorotheropenspaces thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership andbestofall it sfree 语篇解读文章简述了一些对资源耗费较多的运动 如高尔夫 也讲述了一些不怎么耗费资源的运动 如powerwalking 文章的主旨就是为了让我们绿色运动 语篇解读 5 whichofthefollowingistheauthormostprobablyinfavorof a playingbasketballinagym b motorracinginthedesert c cyclingaroundalake d swimminginasportscenter 解析推理判断题 根据最后一段第一 二句 whateversportyoutakeup youcanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials butthefinalgoalshouldbe greengyms 可知作者主张绿色运动 c属于绿色运动 故为正确答案 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 6 whatdoweknowaboutgolffromthepassage a itispopularinportugalandspain b itneedswaterandelectricitytokeepitscoursesgreen c itpollutestheearthwithchemicalsandwastes d itcauseswatershortagesaroundtheworld 解析细节理解题 根据文章第二段最后三句 besides allsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses 球场 ingoodcondition thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects forexample inthedryregionsofportugalandspain golfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas 可知选b 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 7 theauthorusespowerwalkingasanexamplemainlybecause a itusesfewerresourcesb itimprovesourhealthc itisanoutdoorsportd itisrecommendedbyexperts 解析细节理解题 根据文章第三段前三句 therearemanyenvironment friendlysports powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday youdon tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes andyoudon thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse 可知这是一项耗费资源很少的运动 故选a 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 8 theauthorwritesthepassageto a showusthefunctionofmajorsportsb encourageustogoinforgreensportsc discussthemajorinfluenceofpopularsportsd introducedifferenttypesofenvironment friendlysports 解析写作目的题 文章中简述了一些对资源耗费较多的运动 如高尔夫 也讲述了一些不怎么耗费资源的运动 如powerwalking 文章的主旨就是为了让我们绿色运动 故选b 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 c 2017 福建漳州八校联考 thinkaboutwhatyouhadforlunch wasitahamburger achickensandwich barbecue whataboutvegetables woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthatwhatyoueatcanaffectthewholeplanet itcan inabigway newstudiesshowhowfoodanditsproductionaffecttheglobeanditswarmingclimate you veprobablyheardofglobalwarming thetemperatureisontherisebecausehumankindhasbeenreleasing 排放 amountsofgasesintotheatmosphere oneofthesegreenhousegasesiscarbondioxide 二氧化碳 whatdoesthishavetodowithfood abigpartofthecarbondioxidethatweputintheatmosphereeveryyearcomesfromtheprocessofmakingandeatingfood theproductionofmeatcontributesalotofthatcarbondioxide andmuchofmeat scontributioncomesfrombeef whichisresponsibleforreleasingevenmorewarminggasesintotheatmosphere theprocessofmakingahamburger forexample requiresalotofenergy acowhastobefedandraisedonfarmland andcowwasteisamajorsourceofmethane 沼气 anespeciallypowerfulgreenhousegas thecowhastobekilled themeathastobeprocessedandshippedtoashop whichtakesfuel mostofthecowwon tevenbeusedformeatthatpeopleeat bythetimeahamburgerfinallylandsonadinnerplate ithasmadeaheavyeffectontheenvironment wecanreducetheproductionofglobal warminggasesbyeatinglessbeef otherkindsofmeatlikeporkandchickendolessharmtotheenvironment atleastintermsoftheamountofgreenhousegasesreleased allkindsofmeatareharderontheplanetthanvegetables togrowandeatapoundofpotatoes forexample sendslessthanone quarterpoundofcarbondioxideintotheair sochangingourdiettolessmeatandmorevegetables asitturnsout maydotheworldsomegood 语篇解读 语篇解读文章介绍了人们的饮食会引起温室效应 特别是肉类加工会排放温室气体 作者建议人们改变对环境不利的饮食方式 9 thequestionsaskedinthefirstparagraphareusedto a showtheauthor sconcernaboutfoodsafetyb expresstheauthor spuzzlementatwhattoeatc introducethetopictobediscussedinthepassaged remindreadersofsomethingdelicioustoeat 解析推理判断题 文章第一段提出一系列关于我们饮食的问题 由第二段前两句 itcan inabigway newstudiesshowhowfoodanditsproductionaffecttheglobeanditswarmingclimate 可知 这些问题是为了引出话题 故选c 答案 解析 10 11 9 10 whatisthebadnewsformeat eaters a mostcowsareraisednotforpeopletoeat b meatproducingcontributestoglobalwarming c thereisalotofcarbondioxideinthemeatweeat d animalsbegintodieoffbecauseofglobalwarming 解析细节理解题 根据文章第三段第三 四句 theproductionofmeatcontributesalotofthatcarbondioxide andmuchofmeat scontributioncomesfrombeef whichisresponsibleforreleasingevenmorewarminggasesintotheatmosphere 可知 对于食肉的人来说坏消息是肉类生产会导致全球气温变暖 故选b 答案 解析 10 11 9 11 whichisthemostenvironment friendlyfoodaccordingtothepassage a carrot b beef c pork d chicken 解析细节理解题 根据文章最后一段内容可知 蔬菜比肉类制造的二氧化碳要少 所以蔬菜更环保 故选a 答案 解析 10 11 9 d 2017 湖南浏阳一中期中 thenamesoundsfunnybuttheideaisnojoke it sapersonaltoiletcalledthepeepoo anderswilhelmson aswedisharchitect istheinventorofthepeepoo hebecameinterestedintheideaofsanitationaftertakingpartinaresearchprojectonthesocialandpoliticaldevelopmentofcities oneofthemostcommonproblemshefoundindevelopingcountrieswasthelackoftoilets hewantedtodosomethingtohelp soworkingwithothers hestartedtheprojectin2005 andthenextyearstartedacompanycalledpeepoople thetoiletisasingle usebagmadeofenvironmentallyfriendlyplastics theinsideistreatedwithurea 尿素 achemicalcommonlyusedasfertilizer thehottertheweather themorequicklythewasteturnsintowhatisneededbyplants thesanitationprocesscanbeassoonasacoupleofhoursoraslongastwotofourweeks youcanjustburyitinapotandgrowwhateveryoulike thecompanyexpectstostartsellingthebagsinaugustinkenyaandbangladesh butitisjustbeginningproductionandsalesinnairobinow fullproductioncouldreachabouthalfamillionbagsadayandpeoplemaybeabletobuythepeepooincountrieslikevietnam bangladesh etc theunitednationssaysmorethantwoandahalfbillionpeoplearoundtheworlddonothavegoodsanitation manyhavenochoicebuttousetheoutdoors whichisnotonlybadfortheenvironment butalsoharmfultopeople shealth eachyear poorsanitationleadstothreefifthsofthosepeoplegettinganinfectiousdiseasewhichonaveragecausesoneoutof1 000patientstodie jacksmith thefounderoftheworldtoiletorganization says thisisquiteanunacceptablesituationgiventhefactthatwearelivinginthemodernworld andstrangely manyofthemowntelevisions phonesbuthavenotoilets 语篇解读 语篇解读文章介绍了环保厕所peepoo 它解决了发展中国家缺乏厕所的问题 并且可以被用来种植植物 可谓一举两得 12 whatwastheoriginalpurposeofanderswilhelmsoninstartingthecompany a toprotectthelocalenvironment b toearnalotofmoneyfromtheproject c todoresearchonthesocialdevelopment d tohelpsolvetheproblemoflackoftoiletsindevelopingcountries 解析细节理解题 根据文章第二段第二 三句 oneofthemostcommonproblemshefoundindevelopingcountrieswasthelackoftoilets hewantedtodosomethingtohelp 可知选d 答案 解析 13 14 12 15 13 whatcanbelearnedaboutthepeepoofromthepassage a itcanbeusedoveragain b itssanitationprocessdoesn tlastlong c itworksbetterinsummerthaninwinter d itshouldbeburiedinapotafterbeingused 解析细节理解题 根据第三段第三句 thehottertheweather themorequicklythewasteturnsintowhatisneededbyplants 可知选c 答案 解析 13 14 12 15 14 thefifthparagraphiswrittenmainlytotellusthat a poorsanitationmaycausemanyproblemsb manypeopledon tcarefortheenvironmentc manypeoplegetillfromusingtheoutdoorsd quiteanumberofpeoplediefrompoorsanitation 解析段落大意题 该段主要说明了卫生系统不好会产生的恶劣影响 故选a 答案 解析 13 14 12 15 15 theunderlinedword this inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto a theoutdoorsbeingdamagedb manyplacesbeingshortoftoiletsc manypeoplehavingtvsandphonesd manypeoplegettinganinfectiousdisease 解析代词指代题 根据上下文 这里的this指的是许多发展中