诊断学英文单词

症状symptom体征sign体格检查physical examination实验室检查laboratory examination触诊palpation冲击触诊法ballottement清音resonance鼓音tympany过清音hyperresonance浊音dullness实音flatness听诊auscultation嗅诊smelling稽留热continued fever弛张热remittent fever间歇热intermittent fever波状热undulant fever回归热recurrent fever不规则热irregular fever寒战rigor全身性水肿anasarca心源性水肿cardiac edema肾源性水肿renal edema肝源性水肿hepatic edema黏液性水肿myxedema特发性水肿idiopathic edema血管神经性水肿angioneurotic edema胸痛chest pain放射痛radiating pain发绀cyanosis心悸palpitation心包积液pericardial effusion充血性心力衰竭congestive heart failure咳痰expectoration咯血 hemoptysis呼吸困难dyspnea大叶性肺炎lobar pneumonia慢性阻塞性肺气肿chronicobstructive emphysema支气管哮喘bronchial asthma胸腔积液 pleural effusion气胸 pneumothorax恶心nausea呕吐vomiting呕血hematemesis黑便melena便血hematochezia隐血occultblood里急后重tenesmus腹痛abdominal pain腹泻diarrhea便秘constipation黄疸jaundice血尿hematuria尿频frequentmicturition尿急urgent mctunton尿痛(排尿困难)dysuria少尿oliguria多尿polyuria头痛headache昏厥syncope嗜睡somnolence意识模糊confusion昏睡stupor昏迷coma生命征vital sign恶病质cachexia肥胖obesiy意识障碍disturbance of consciousness瘀点petechia血肿hematoma肝掌liverpalms蜘蛛痣spiderangioma淋巴结肿大lymphnodeenlargement胸骨角sternalangle胸壁chest wall皮下气肿subcutaneousemphysema扁平胸flatchest桶状胸barrelchest三凹征Three depressionssion酸中毒呼吸Kussmaul breath潮式呼吸chevne-stokes breath语音震颤vocaltremitus肺泡呼吸音vesicularbreathsounds支气管呼吸音bronchialbreathsounds口罗音rale湿口啰音moistrale干口罗音rhonchi语音共振vocalresonance胸膜摩擦音pleuralfrictionrub心尖搏动apicalimpulse震颤 thrill心房颤动atrial fibrillation心房扑动atrial flutter期前收缩premature beat心律cardiac rhythm大炮音cannon sound心音分裂splitting of heart sounds三音律triple rhythm四音律quadruple rhythm二联律bigeminy三联律trigeminy奔马律gallop rhythm开瓣音opening snap心包叩击音pericardial knock肿瘤扑落音tumor plop喀喇音click收缩期杂音systolic murmur舒张期杂音diastolic murmur连续性杂音continuous murmur心包摩擦音pedcardial friction sound主动脉瓣狭窄 aortic stenosis主动脉瓣关闭不全aortic insufficiency二尖瓣关闭不全mitral insufficiency二尖瓣狭窄mitral stenosis肺动脉瓣相对性关闭不全杂音Graham Steell二尖瓣相对性狭窄杂音Austin Flint脉搏短绌deficit pulse水冲脉waterhammer pulse奇脉paradoxical pulse血压systemic blood pressure动态血压监测 ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM)枪击音 pistol shot sound毛细血管搏动征capillary pulsation?肋脊角costovertebral angle左季肋部left hypochondrial region左腰部left lumber region；左髂部left iliac region；右季肋部 right hypochondrial region右腰部right lumber region；右髂部right iliac region；上腹部epigastric region；脐部umbilical region；umbilical下腹部hypogastric region中上腹epigastrium腹水ascites蛙腹frog belly气腹pneumoperitoneum腹部凹陷abdominal retraction腹部膨胀abdominal distension舟状腹scaphoid abdomen水母头caput medusae胃、肠型gastral or intestinal pattern蠕动波peristalsis板状腹board-like rigidity揉面感dough kneading sensation压痛tenderness反跳痛rebound tenderness腹肌紧张(强直)Abdominal muscle rigid(guarding)莫菲征Murphys sign波动感fluctuation肝震颤liver thrill肝、脾肿大liver and spleen enlargement肝肿大hepatomegaly脾肿大splenomegaly腹块abdominal mass直肠检查rectal examination外痔external haemorrhoids瘘管fistulae液波震颤fluid thrill振水音succussion splash移动性浊音shifting dullness尺压试验ruler pressing test肠鸣音bowel sounds摩擦音friction sound搔弹音scratch sound消化性溃疡pepticulcer黑便melena急性腹膜炎acute peritonitis肝硬化liver cirrhosis蜘蛛痣spider angioma急性阑尾炎acute appendicitis阑尾点McBurney Point肠梗阻intestinal obstruction不对称asymmetry搏动pulsation手术疤痕surgical scar脊柱后突kvohosis杵状指acrooachv肢端肥大acromegalv肌张力muscletone角膜反射cornealreflex膝反射kneereflex踝阵挛ankkclonus中性粒细胞neutrophil嗜酸性粒细胞eosinophil嗜碱性粒细胞basophil淋巴细胞lymphocyte单核细胞 monocyte网织红细胞reticulocyte红细胞沉降率erythrocyte sedimentation rate血细胞比容hematocrit骨髓bone marrow浆细胞plasmacyte巨核细胞megakaryocyte过氧化物酶peroxidase缺铁性贫血iron deficiency anemia溶血性贫血hemolytic anemia巨幼细胞贫血megaloblastic anemia白血病leukemia骨髓增生异常综合征myelodysplastic syndrome多发性骨髓瘤multiple myeloma原发性血小板减少性紫癜idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura血小板platelet纤维蛋白原fibrinogen凝血时间clotting time出血时间bleeding time纤溶fibrinolvsis纤溶酶plasmin凝血酶thrombin凝血酶原prothrombin凝血活酶thromboplastin血粘度blood viscosity脑脊液cerebrospinal fluid漏出液transudate渗出液exudate无尿anuria胆红素尿bilirubinuria乳糜尿chyluria尿频frequency of micturition血尿hematuria镜下血尿microscopic hematuria少尿oliguria多尿polyuria蛋白尿proteinuria脓尿pyuna尿急urgency of micturition肝功能试验liver function test血清总蛋白serum total protein血清白蛋白serum albumin血清球蛋白serum globulin蛋白电泳protein electrophoresis前白蛋白prealbumin凝血酶原时间prothrombin time胆红素bilirubin非结合胆红素unconjugated bilirubin尿胆原urobilinoaen尿胆素urobilin胆酸eholicacid靛氰绿indocvanine green，ICG丙氨酸氨基转移酶alanine aminotransferase，ALT天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶aspartate aminotransferase，AST同工酶isoenzyme碱性磷酸酶alkalinephosphatase，ALPY谷氨酰转移酶Yglutamyl transferase单胺氧化酶monoamine oxidase，MAO甲胎蛋白alpha fetoprotein AFP免疫球蛋白immunoglobulin，Ig补体complement，C总补体溶血活性total hemolytic complemen tactivity，CH50E玫瑰花结形成试验erythrocyte rosette formation test，ERFT白细胞分化抗原cluster differentiation，CD表面膜免疫球蛋白surface membrane immunoglobulin，SmIg抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity，ADCC白介素interleukin肿瘤坏死因子tumor necrosis factor，TNF干扰素interferon，IFN乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原hepatitis B virus surface antigen，HBsAg抗链球菌溶血素“O”antistreptolysinO，ASO肥达反应Widal reaction，WR布氏杆菌病凝集试验Brucella agglutination test巨细胞病毒human cytomegalovirus，HCMV 柯萨奇病毒Coxsaekie virus沙眼衣原体chlamydia trachomatis人获得性免疫缺陷病毒human immunodefieiency virus，HIV外斐反应Weil-Felix reaction冷凝集试验cold agglutination test肿瘤标志物tumor marker癌胚抗原 carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA癌抗原125，糖链抗原125carcinoma antigenl25，carbohydrate antigen l25，CAl25前列腺特异抗原prostatic specific antigen，PSA前列腺酸性磷酸酶prostate acid phosphatase，PAP自身免疫耐受autoimune tolerance类风湿因子rheumatoid factor，RF抗核抗体antinuelear antibody，ANA双链DNAdouble stranded-DNA，ds-DNA抗线粒体抗体anti-mitoehondria antibody，AMA甲状腺球蛋白thyroglobulin，TG甲状腺微粒体thyroid microsome，TM抗乙酰胆碱受体抗体anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody，AchRA抗平滑肌抗体anti-smooth muscle antibody，ASMA循环免疫复合物circulating immunocomplex，CIC冷球蛋白cryoglobulin，CGC反应蛋白C-reaction protein，CRP心电图electrocardiogram肢体导联limb leads胸导联chest leads不应期refractory period易损期vulnerable period心律失常arrhythmia窦性心动过速sinus tachycardia窦性心动过缓sinus bradyeardia窦性静止sinusar rest病态窦房结综合征sicksinus syndrome阵发性室上性心动过速paroxysmal supraventricular tachyeardia室性心动过速ventricular tach