广东省汕头一中高考英语 Unit1 A land of diversity Reading课件 新人教版选修8.ppt

ifwewanttolearnsomethingaboutacountry astate wewouldliketoknowitssize population location language history capital climate agriculture industry education californiaisthe largeststateintheusa thirdb secondc fourthd fifth2 california astateinthewesternusa borders thepacificoceanb theindianoceanc theatlanticoceand thearcticocean3 iscalifornia slargestandthenations secondlargestcity sacramentob losangelesc sandiegod sanfrancisco a a b 4 california sofficialnicknameisthe sunflowerstateb goldenstatec landofopportunityd evergreenstate5 californiaenteredtheuniononseptember9 1850 asthe state thirtiethb thirty eightc thirty secondd thirty first6 ischasthelargestpopulationintheusa californiab alaskac washingtond texas b d a california mississippi pacificocean atlanticocean canada mexico hollywood 好莱坞星光大道hollywoodwalkoffame 每颗星皆由一颗水磨石制成 将其制成粉色五角星形并镶上青铜然后嵌入深灰色的方块中 粉色星形内是刻在青铜上的授奖者名字 在此下面则为一环状标志 代表受奖人领取星星的领域 这些标志有 电影摄影机 对电影产业有所贡献 电视机 对电视产业有所贡献 留声机唱片 对唱片产业有所贡献 广播麦克风 对广播产业有所贡献 悲喜剧面具 对现场戏剧有所贡献 grauman schinesetheatre grauman schinesetheaterishometothehand footprintsofthehollywoodstars tovisithollywoodandnottoseegrauman schinesetheaterislikevisitingchinaandnotseeingthegreatwall disneylandpark 优胜美地 yosemite 公园是美国三大国家公园之一 国画大师张大千巧妙地将英文名字结合这里的景色 译为 优胜美地 losangeles thelargestcityincalifornia 金门桥 goldengatebridge sanfrancisco 旧金山 lombardstreet伦巴底街windywindywindywindystreet九曲花街 chinatown california reading russians laterarrivals people thespanish mostrecentarrivals nativeamericans howmanykindsofpeoplearementionedinthistext goldminers crossedtheberingstraitinthearctictoamericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes earlysettlers spanish russians settledin tooknativesland movedfrommexico builttherailway farmed establishedatown developedindustry fishedandmadewine workedinship aircraftindustry back workedincomputerindustry immigrated immigrated 1 thispassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom a anewspaperb ageographybookc anoveld thefilmindustryinhollywood2 howdidcaliforniabecomeastateofamerica a mexicogainedindependencefromspain b mexicolosttheamerica mexicowarandthengaveittotheusa c spainlostthespain americawar d spaingaveittotheusaasagift 3 whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue a alotofpeoplebecamerichinthegoldrush b mostpeoplediedinthegoldrush c afterthegoldrush mostpeoplesettledincaliforniaalthoughdidnotfindgold d thefirsttoarriveincaliforniaforgoldwereeuropeans 4 what sthemainreasonthatchineseimmigrantscametocalifornia a forgold b forthebuildingoftherailway c toopenrestaurantsd toliveinthechinatown 5 whyhascaliforniaattractedsomanypeople a goldwasdiscoveredhere b ithasattractiveclimateandlifestyle c manypeoplecameheretomakeafortune d alloftheabove summary californiais stateintheusaanditalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemost stateintheusa thefirstsettlerscrossed from andarrivedincalifornia the sufferedgreatlyafterthearrivalofeuropeansinthe century inthe18thcentury wasruledby until thepeopleofmexicogainedtheirindependencefromspain californiathenbecamepartof butaftertheamerican mexicanwarin1846 californiawasgivenbacktotheusa thethirdlargest multicultural theberingstrait asia nativeamericans 16th california spain 1821 mexico in1848 incaliforniagoldwas which peoplefromallovertheworldtoarrivetheretoachievetheirdreamsof in1850 californiabecamethe stateoftheusaasa society attractedbythe moreandmorepeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavingbeen california includingasians africans americansandeuropeans inthenearfuture californiawillbecome manyracesandcultures anymajorracialorculturalgroups discovered attracted becomingrich 31st multicultural climateandlifestyle immigratingto amixtureof without listentothetapeandfindoutthemainidea thetextmainlyintroduces ofcalifornia itdescribes happeninginvarioustimes italsotellsus and differentpeoplefromallovertheworldhavingbeenimmigratingtocalifornia itexplainstous whyitwillbeasimplemulticulturalcommunityinthe21stcentury theshorthistory thegreathistorical when how why thereasons events whenandhowdidnativeamericanssettledincalifornia 15 000yearsago firstsettlerscrossedtheberingstraitinthearctictoamericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes thosepeopleareknownasnativeamericans afterthearrivaloftheeuropeansinthe16thcentury a nativepeoplewerekilledorforcedintoslavery b manynativepeoplediedfromdiseasesbroughtbyeuropeans c noneofthenativepeoplecouldsurvivetheterribletimes d bothaandb d intheearly16thcenturywhofirstarrivedinsouthamerica ofthefirstspanishtogotocalifornia whatdidtheydo spanishsoliders ofthefirstspanishtogotocalifornia themajoritywerereligiousmen whoseministrywastoteachthecatholicreligiontothenatives whyistherestrongspanishinfluenceincalifornia a becausethereweremanyspanishstayingincalifornia b becausespanishwasoneofthesettlerslivingthere c becausethelocalpeoplelovedspanishculture d becausecaliforniawasonceruledbyspain d canyouguesswhowastheman whatwashedoing didheliveahappylife hewasagoldminer hewaspanninggold helookednotonlythinandweak butalsothirstyandtired itwasdifficultforthemtoachievethedreamsofbecomingrich whichofthefollowingisfalseaccordingtothetext a duringthegoldrushperiodmanypeoplewenttocaliforniainthehopeofbecomingrich b actuallyeveryfewgoldminersbecamerich c duringthegoldrushperiodmanychineseimmigrantsarrivedincaliforniaonlytofindgold d californiabecameastateoftheustwoyearsafterthegoldwasdiscoveredthere c althoughchineseimmigrantsbegantoarriveduringthegoldrushperiod itwasthebuildingoftherailnetworkfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstocalifoniainthe1860s b fromthepassagewecaninferthat a betweenthelate19thcenturyandtheearly20thcenturyitaliananddanishimmigrantscametocaliforniatomakewine b bythe1920smanyjewishpeoplecametocaliforniabecausetheywereattractedbythefilmindustry c mexicanpeoplecametocaliforniatoworkintheshipandaircraftindustries d therewillbemoreracialorculturalgroupsincaliforniabecausemoreandmorepeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldarestillcomingtosettlethere 1 第三大州2 人口最多3 有 的特征4 多元文化的5 继续存在6 文化的多样性 thethirdlargeststate havethelargestpopulation multicultral havethedistinctionof liveon thediversityofculture usefulexpressions paragraph1 1 diversity variety多样性 变化adiversityofvegetablesdiverseadj 各种各样的 variousdiversevegetables languagepoints b 2 californiaisthethirdlargeststateinthe 序数词可以修饰形容词的最高级theyellowriveristhesecondlongestriverinchina 可以修饰形容词最高级或比较级的词 far byfar much no alittle abit any slightly even stillyou restandingtooclosetothecamera canyoumove a abitfarb alittlefartherc abitoffartherd alittlefar multi 多 多方面 多方向 multi colored multi media multi racial multiparty 多色的多媒体多民族的多党制的 3 distinctionn 杰出 区分 特点wemustdrawacleardistinctionbetweenrightandwrong shakespeareisawriterofdistinction californiahasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheusa distinctiveadj 出色的 有特色的 4 population人口thepopulationofchina large and70 ofthepopulationofchina peasants 表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数 表示部分人口时谓语动词用复数 形容人口的多少通常用large small what sthepopulationofchina chinahasalargepopulation chinahasapopulationof1 3billion anincrease growthinpopulation人口增长adecreaseinpopulation人口减少 is are paragraph2 1 好像2 穿越北极的白令海峡3 借助大陆桥 itislikelythat crosstheberingstraitinthearctic bymeansofalandbridge usefulexpressions 4 在史前时期5 受了很多苦6 被迫成为奴隶7 此外8 艰难度过这些恐怖时期 inprehistorictimes suffergreatly beforcedintoslavery survivetheseterribletimes inaddition 5 whenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowascalifornia 宾语从句 theplacethatwenowknowascalifornia 定语从句georgewashingtonwasbornin isnowthestateofvirginia whichb wherec thatd what georgewashingtonwasbornintheplacethatisnowthestateofvirginia d 6 however itislikelythatnativeamericanswerelivingincaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago itislikely possible probablethat sb sthislikelytodosth某人 物有可能做某事 e g sheis tosucceed 她有可能会成功 itislikelythatshewillsucceed likely thisisa story 这是一个有可能发生的故事 likely 辨析 likely possible probablelikely的主语可以是人 但possible probable却只能用形式主语it 7 bymeansof byusing 用 办法 借助hecrossedtheriverbymeansofaraft weexpressoutfeelingsbymeansofwords means单复数同形allpossiblemeanshavebeentried thequickestmeansoftravelisbyplane bythismeans用这种方法bynomeans决不 一点也不it snothingunusualtoexperiencefailure andbynomeansoughtweloseheart byanymeans无论如何byallmeans 尽一切办法 anyway无论如何 务必 surely ofcourse当然可以 1 weexpressourthoughts words a bythismeansb byallmeansc bynomeansd bymeansof2 mayihavealookatyourbook a bythismeansb byallmeansc bythiswayd byanymeans3 everymeans beentried andallmeans wellnow a have gob has goc have goesd has goes means d b b bynomeans giveintotheterriblecircumstancesatthattimealthoughfacedwithgreatdifficulty a theywillb willtheyc theywouldd wouldthey注意放在句首时主句使用部分倒装 means方法 手段 工具 单复数同形 多和介词by搭配 way方法 普通用语 可用于任何处理事物的方式 多于介词in搭配 method方法 理论 指合乎逻辑或系统的方法 多和介词with搭配 d e g teachingmethod教学方法only thismethodcanyougetmuchbenefitfromitwhenreading a inb onc withd bywelookforwardtothedaywhenthemotorcarhasbeenreplacedbysomelessdangerous oftransport a meansb methodsc waysd manners c a 7 inaddition manydiedfromthediseasebroughtbyeuropeans 1 inadditionto 除此之外 另外 加之 e g imetmypastteacherandsomeformerclassmates inthesupermarket 我在超市里遇见了我以前的老师 还有些同班同学 cakesandcandies guestswerealsoprovidedwithfruits 除了有蛋糕和糖果 还给客人们准备了水果 inaddition inadditionto 2 broughtbyeuropeans为过去分词作定语 相当于whichwerebroughtbyeuropeans 注意单个分词作定语放在所修饰的词前面 分词短语作定语需放在所修饰的词之后 englishisa language 英语是一种被广泛使用的语言 thisisoneoftheschools in1980s 这是八十年代所建的学校之一 widelyused built 8 however somesurvivedtheseterribletimes andtodaytherearemorenativeamericanslivingincaliforniathaninanyotherstate 幸免 幸免于难only12ofthe140passengers 在140名乘客中只有12人幸免于难 1 survive survived 挺过来 挣扎过下去e g idon tthinki anotheryearasateacher justtoostressful couldsurvive 比 某人 长寿 比 通常指亲人 活的更长e g harry hiswifebythreemonths 哈里比他妻子多活了三个月 survived 2 livingincalifornia为现在分词短语作定语 相当于定语从句wholiveincalifornia 现在分词一般表示经常性的动作或现在的状态 也可以表示动作现在正在发生或者与谓语动词所表示的的动作同时发生 e g therearethreetypesoftigerlivinginchina thatliveinchina 目前中国有三种虎 thepicturehanging thatishanging onthewallispaintedbymynephew 墙上挂着的那幅画是我侄儿画的 9 majorityn 大多数 themajority forthebudget themajorityofstudents hard working themajorityofthedamage easytorepair is are are is 1 单独做主语时 若强调整体 谓语动词用单数 强调个体时 谓语动词用复数 2 themajorityof n 后可用不可数名词 也可用可数名词复数 谓语动词由后面的名词决定 3 表示领先多少票数时用不定冠词a e g hewaselectedbyamajorityof50 minority少数的 1 atthemeeting youngpeoplewere a inmajorityb inthemajorityc ofmajorityd ofthemajority2 themajorityofstudents treesinthefieldsandsomearecarryingwater a isplantingb wasplantingc areplantingd wereplanting3 themajority withme a agreesb agreec areagreedd isagree majority b c b 10 declarevt 1 tomakeknownpubliclyorofficially宣布 宣告主席宣布了选举结果 thechairmandeclaredtheresultsoftheelection 警方现在已经对这个地区的毒贩宣战了 thepolicehavedeclaredwarondrugdealersinthisarea 法官宣判这个窃贼有罪 thejudgedeclaredthethiefguilty 2 tostatewithgreatforcessothatthereisnodoubtaboutthemeaning宣称 声称 断言她郑重宣布她对此事一无所知 shesolemnlydeclaredthatsheknewnothingaboutit 请表明你的立场 declareyourposition please 她声称自己无罪 shedeclaredherselftobeinnocent 他声明此事属实 hedeclaredthatitwastrue 3 tomakeafullstatement申报haveyouanythingtodeclare announce把大家所关心的事情 特别是有新闻价值的 做一般或正式的宣布 11 make earna one slife谋生 习惯新的生活方式make earn geta one sliving谋生现在越来越多的年轻人去了城市并在那儿谋生 nowadaysmoreandmoreyoungpeoplemovetocitiestomakealifethere 12 however thereisstillastrongspanishinfluenceinthestate influencen 影响力 作用 有影响的人或物 e g claude sworkhad ongenerationsofmusicians 克劳德的作品对几代音乐家都产生过重要影响 hermothersaidthatiwas onherdaughter 她母亲说我对她女儿产生了很坏的影响 amajorinfluence abadinfluence 13 alargepercentagehavechosen alargepercentageofchinese americanshavechosen alargepercentageofpopulationliveinbigcities 这宾馆很大比例的收入来自于游览这湖的游客 alargepercentageofthehotel sincomecomesfromthevisitorstothelake onlyasmallpercentageofstudentsareforeigners percent 用在数词后 其余都用percentage theresultisexpressed 以百分比 比例越来越大 ofthepopulationowntheirownhouses 大部分 peoplecame 百分之五十的学生 camefromworker sfamily asapercentage anincreasingpercentage alargepercentageof 50percentofstudents 14 establishatown建立城镇establishanewbusiness开创新事业establishfriendlyrelationswith 建立友好关系 establishthathewasright 证明他是对的 15 immigratevi to into 移居 迁入他很小时从爱尔兰移民到美国asachild heimmigratedtotheusfromireland immigrationn immigrationlaws移民法immigrant s n theeuropeanimmigrants 16 itisbelievedthat itissaidthat itishopedthat itissupposedthat itissuggestedthat itisreportedthat 主语从句itisreportedthatsomeeuropeancountriesarefloodedseverely itishopedthatthecostofmedicalcarecanbecutdown 17 mixn 混合v 混合 混乱wehavetocomeupwithamixofpoliciestopleasethevoters 折中 youcanmixyellowandbluetogethertomakegreen wecannotmixworkwithpleasure mixturen 混合物 混合体这种饮料是三种不同饮料的混合物 thedrinkis