新译林9B英语UNIT 4单元知识点归纳及练习题(含答案)

新译林9B英语UNIT 4单元知识点归纳及练习题9B UNIT4一、词汇大集合单词invent vt.发明，创造 astronaut n.宇航员 explorer n.探险者 nun n.修女，尼姑 flight n.飞行，航班 pilot n.飞行员 licence n.执照，许可证 engineering n.工程(学) select vt.挑选;选择 commander n.指挥官，司令官 spin vi.快速旋转 mankind n.人类 sample n.样品，标本 citizen n.公民;市民 exploration n.探索;探测 navy n.海军 truly adv.真正地;真实地 spoil vt.损坏，搞糟 mission n.太空飞行任务;使命 broth n.(鱼、肉或蔬菜)汤 unique adj.唯一的，独特的light bulb n.电灯泡 mathematics n.数学 radium n.镭 couple n.夫妇，(一)对 unknown adj.未知的，不出名的 equation n.方程式;等式 词组: 1.How do you like.?=What do you think of.? 你觉得。怎么样？2.in the form of pills 呈药丸形状3.the distance between Mars and the Sun 火星和太阳之间的距离4.at the moment =at present 目前，现在 5.by the year 2100 到2100年时6.become more and more crowded 变得愈来愈拥挤7.a large number of =large numbers of+名复 大量的8.large numbers of passengers 大量的乘客9.travel at the speed of light 以光的速度旅行10.three-eights of the gravity on Earth 地球引力的八分之三11.It is hoped that 可以指望12.(all) over again 再；重新13.compare A with B 把A和B相比14.be compared with sth 被与某物相比15.in many ways 在许多方面16.connect A to B 把A连接B17.(be) connected to an inter-planetary network 连接到星际网络18.in some ways 在某些方面19.the possibility of living on Mars 住在火星上的可能性20.as well as 不但而且；既又21.keep/prevent/stop sb.from doing sth 防止某人做某事22.because of the rapid increase in population 因为人口的快速增长23. increase rapidly 迅速地增加24.one-third/one third 三分之一25.be aware of sth 知道27. Whats the population of China? 中国的人口是多少？ 28.circle around the Sun 绕太阳运转 29.in agreement 意见一致 30.be similar to 与相似 31.carry out a survey 开展一个调查 32. after all 毕竟 33.advantages of living on Mars 住在火星上的优势34.get ill from living there 因为住在那里生病35.start /begin with a discussion 以讨论开始36.hear of 听说37. rock and roll 摇滚乐 38.in the west 在西方 39.space travel 太空旅行 40.become interested in 开始对感兴趣 41.take ones first flight 开始某人的第一次飞行 42.in ones spare time 在某人的业余时间里43.join the navy 参加海军 44.a test pilot 一次飞行试验 45go into space 进入太空 46.out of control 失去控制 47.cut the flight short 缩短航程 48.land on the moon 登陆月球 49.space exploration 太空探测 50.the theory of relativity 相对论 51.be unknown to humans 不为人所知 52.in twentieth century 在20 世纪 53.further research 更进一步的调查 54.walk on the moon 在月球上行走 55.one giant leap 一次大的飞跃二、句型大集合1. Who do you think isthe greatest person that has ever lived? 你认为谁是人类史上最伟大的人? 2. Neil Armstrong, the first man to walk on the moon 尼尔阿姆斯特朗是第一个在月球上行走的人 3. It is said that Armstrong sent a message to Mission Control which said that two huge, strange objects landed near them and were watching them. 据说阿姆斯特朗发了一条信息给任务控 制中心，上面说有两个大而奇怪的物体落在他们附近观察他们。 4. Armstrong is the person who made people around the world realize that space exploration was truly possible. 阿姆斯特朗是一个使全球的人们意识到太空探险真的成为可能的人。 5. one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind 个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步。三、语法大聚焦 (一)Defining relative clauses 限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句对先行词具有限制作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。这类从句不能 省掉，否则句子的意义就不完整。 1. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 2. A dictionary is a book which /that gives the meaning of words. (二)Relative pronouns 关系代词 Relative pronoun People Things who which that 我们可以用关系代词来引导定语从句。定语从句应紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。 在定语从句中who，which 和that 可以被用作关系代词，用来指人或物。四、单元综合练习一、 单项选择 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项1.My best friend Neil is _ honest boy. You can believe him. A. a B. an C.the D./2.-I like red best. What about_? -My favourite colour is orange. It represents joy. A. you B.her C.him D.it3.-_ I have a ticket , please? -Sorry,sir. All the tickets were sold out ten minutes ago.A. May B.Need C.Must D.Should4.-Have you seen the film Alice in Wonderful? -Yes. _ wonderful film it is! A. What B.What a C.How D.How a5.Liu Xiang came third _ the 110-meter-hurdle race last month in Shanghai. A.in B.from C.across D.through6.-Lets go hiking _ staying at home , shall we? -A good idea. A. as well as B.in order to C.instead of D.in addition to7.To _ nature is to help ourselves , or we will be punished. A.protect B.prevent C.provide D.pollute8.Maybe the disaster can destroy our homes, but_can destroy the love in our people. A.something B.everything C.anything D.nothing9.The fire was completely _ shortly afterwards with the help of the firemen. A.cut down B.put out C.give out D.floated away10.-Mum, Im really _ about the result of the exam. -Cheer up. I believe you can be successful. A.patient B.satisfied C.unhappy D.pleased11.-We can use QQ to communicate with each other online. -Good. Will you you please show me _. A.which to use B. how to use it C.what to use D.where to use it12.-Would you like to have _ cake ? -No, thanks. Ive had two. Thats enough. A.other B.others C.another D.the other13.-Whats the news about ? -_ entertainment stars gathered to attact donations for Yushu. A.A member of B.A kind of C.A packet of D.A number of14.-I seem to be lost. Could you tell me _? -Sure. You can take the No.3 bus to get there. A. where is the nearest hospital B.how long it will take me to the airport C.how far is my trip to the Olympic Village D.how I can get to the National Museum15.-Sorry, Frank. Im busy today. I cant go swimmming with you. - _. A. No problem B.Youre welcome C.Thats all D.Never mind二、 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in Tibet (西藏).Our legs were so heavy and cold that 16 felt like big pieces of ice.Have you 17 seen snowmen ride bicylces? Thats what we looked like! Along the way children who were 18 long wool coats stopped to look at us. In the late 19 we found it was so cold that our water bottles froze (结冰).However, the lakes 20 like glass in the setting sun and loooked wonderful.Wang Wei rode in front of me as usual. She was in high spirt and I knew I didnt need to 21 her.To climb the mountains was hard work but as we 22 us, we were surprised by the view. We seemed to be able to see for miles, and we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds. After a while, we began going 23 the mountains. It was great fun especially as it slowly became much 24 .At the foot of the mountains, colourful butterflies flew around us and we saw many sheep eating green grass. Then we had to 25 Our caps, gloves and trousers for T-shirts and shorts.In the early evening we stopped to 26 .We put up our tent and then we ate. Afte supper Wang Wei went to sleep but I stayed 27 .At midnight the sky became clearer and the stars grew brighter.As I 29 below the stars I thought about how far we had already travelled.We will reach Dali in Yunan Province soon, where our cousins will join us. We 30 hardly wait to see them!16. A.we B.you C.they D.it17. A.neverB.everC.even D.yet18. A.dressed inB.put on C.taken offD.dressed up19. A.morningB.afternoon C.eveningD.night20. A.shineB.shiningC.shinesD.shone21. A.followB.encourageC.remindD.discover22. A.looked atB.looked afterC.looked forD.looked around23. A.upB.downC.aroundD.into24. A.colderB.drierC.warmerD.wetter25. A.chargeB.checkC.chaseD.change26. A.make bedsB.make friendsC.make campD.make money27. A.aliveB.aloneC.awayD.awake28. A.cloudy B.foggyC.noisyD.quiet29. A.lieB.liedC.layD.laid30. A.mayB.can C.mustD.shall三、阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项 (A)Whats the most important thing for you to have in your life? Someboy mentions hard-work, others suggest knowledge, love and luck.If you arrange the 26 English letters alphabetically(按字母表的顺序)and use numbers to represent each of them, for example, 1 for a, 2 for b, 3 for c, you can change an English word into a number. So hard-work becomes 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98, meaning 98 is its mark; knowledge: 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96, while love :12+15+22+5=54, and luck : 12+21+3+11=47, a small mark. None of these words can give one a full mark. What about money or prayer(祈祷)? They cant , either.Then what else? Dont be worried. You can always find an answer to a problem in your life, when you change your way of looking at things or doing things, or your attitude(态度).Yes, attitude is the word. See for yourself: attitude:1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100，a full mark.Different attitudes lead to different courses of life. Most times people hope for a better life. It is possible that one will have a change for the betterr after one has changed ones attitude.When you change your manner and became friendly towards others, youll meet more smiling faces towards you.In the same way, if you take a positive(积极地)attitude towards failure(失败),youll find its also rewarding though it has caused you losses.31.In the writers opinion , what is the most important things in a persons life? A.Hard-work. B.Knowledge. C.Money. D.Attitude.32.According to the passage, if you meet with problems, the best way out is to _. A. ask for helpf from others B.say your prayers to God C.change your attitude D.try maths-solving methods33.From the passage we can learn that _. A.diffrent attitudes come from different courses of life. B.mathematics can solve every problem easily in our daily life C.failure sometimes can bring you good if you take a positive attitude D.none of the English words except “attitude” equals to 100 or more (B)Many years before the United States was founded(建立), Americans had already invented barbecues. But the first barbecues, in fact ,were the invention of the Taino Indians of Haiti, who dried their meat on raised frames(架子)of sticks over fires. Spanish explorers spelled the Taino word as barbacoa, and as time passed, English settlers along the Atlantic coat had their own barbecues.One summer day in 1773, Benjamin Lynde, a citizen of Massachusetts, wrote in his diary, “Fair and hot ; Browne;hack overset.” That is , on a bright and hot day he went to the Brownes to attedn a barbecue, and his carriage(马车)fell over. It shows that the barbecue had its social occasion by that time. Large animals would be roasted whole on frames over hot fires, and neighbours would be invited to dinner.In later centuries, as settlers moved to the west, the barbecue went along with it, reaching an especially large size in Texas, where a pit (坑)for fuels(燃料) such as tree branches might be over ten feet deep. Today , the barbecue grills(烧烤架)which are fueled by charcoal(木炭) or electricity are likely to be small and easy to move , and can cook only parts of an animal at a time, but people still have barbecues out of doors and always invite their neighbours or friends over.34.Who invented the barbecues first in history? A.American people. B.Taino Indians. C.Spanish explorers. D.English settlers.35.The second paragraph mainly tells us that the barbecue_. A.is only held on a hot sunny day B.welcomes people who keep diaries C.is held both indoors and outdoors D.has its social occasion for over 200 years36.The underlined expression “ social occasion” can be best translated into_. A.社交功能 B.社会福利 C.社会地位 D.社会背景37.The following are all the barbecue ways EXCEPT _. A. drying meat on raised frames of sticks over fires B. roasting a whole animal over a pit full of burning tree branches C.cooking parts of animals over fires on grills fueled by charcoal D.heating meat in the bright and hot daylight (C)A Solar-powered Plane-LowcarbonEarlier this month, a solar-powered (太阳能动力的)plane called Lowcarbon took off to the sky for the first time. It has passed an important test on the way to travel around the world.Lowcarbon took off from an airport in Switzerland(瑞士)at 45 km an hour. It slowly rose into the sky.“There has never been an airplane so big, so light, using so little energy,” said Bertrand Piccard, a leader of the project.During the 90-minute flight, Lowcarbon did several turns. It climbs nearly 1.6 km above the countryside.Engineers plan to test a night flight in July. Then they will use the results of the tests to build a second plane. They plan to travel around the world in that plane in 2012. “We want to fly it day and night with no fuel,” Piccard said.Piccard and pilot Andre Borschberg will take Lowcarbon around the world .They will make a few stops to change places and rest after a long time in the air-and to show off their aircraft.Lowcarbon flies at 70 kph on average(平均). That is faster than a bike and slower than a car. The pilots will keep it in the air for up to five days at a time.We Are One-“Expo Through My Eyes”Sharing offers you more happiness. To celebrate the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, China Daily invites you to share what youve seen, heard and experienced at the 6-month international event or Expo-related stories in English. Whether you are an Expo volunteer, a reporter, or a tourist , wed like you to share with us your Expo experience, as seen through your eyes. So if you would liketo contribute(投稿)，please join us today in sharing the joy!Topic: 2010 Shanghai World ExpoLanguage: English onlyLength: No more than 1,000 words-Content: Stories with photos are necessary.Duration: May 1,2010-October 31,2010Email-box: Reward: In addition to the satisfaction of supporting our work, -your stories will be published on China Dailys website; -you will go in a lucky draw for a prize.38.Which of the following information about the plane Lowcarbon is NOT true? A. It can fly at 70 km an hour. B.It is solar powered. C.It has passed a night-flight test. D.It is slower than a car.39.Lowcarbon is a special plane because_. A.its made in Switzerlland B.it has travelled around the world C.it can do turns in the sky D.its big and light, but uses little enegy40.The purpose of the second article is to_. A.encourage us to visit Shanghai Expo B.ask us to be volunteers for Shanghai Expo C.invite us to write stories about Shanghai Expo D.tell us to get the lucky prize of Shanghai Expo41.Your stories about the 2010 Shanghai Expo for China Daily_. A.can be in Chinese B.dont need to have photos C.must be given by post D.should be handed in by e-mail (D)On a British Airways flight from Johannesburg, a middle-aged ,rich white South American lady found herself sitting next to a black man. She called the cabin stewardess(机舱乘务员)over to complain about her seating.“What seems to be the problem, Madam?” asked the stewardess.“Cant you see?” she said. “Youve sat me next to a black man. I cant possibly sit next to this kind of human. Find me another seat!”“Please calm down, Madam,” the stewardess replied. “The flight is very full today, but Ill tell you what Ill do-IWill go and check to see if we have any free seats in Club(商务舱)or First Class.”The lady had an unfriendly look at the outraged(被激怒的)black man beside her.A few minutes later the stewardess returned and said to the lady with a self satisfied smile, “