Unit4 earthquakes

Unit4 1 earthquake n 地震 课本原句 Imagine there has been a big earthquake P25 联想 tsunami 海啸 tornado 龙卷风 hurricane 飓风 flood 洪灾 drought 旱 灾 2 right away 立刻 马上 课本原句 Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away P25 3 smelly adj 发臭的 有臭味的 课本原句 A smelly gas came out of the cracks P26 4 burst v burst burst 爆裂 爆发 课本原句 In the city the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst P26 拓展 burst into tears laughters burst out crying laughing burst in into 闯入 突然破门而入 burst with anger 勃然大怒 例题 2012 湖北 I don t know that made him burst into tears what 我不知道是小说中的什么使他泪如泉涌 答案 what it was He without knocking at the door which made me angry burst 它没敲门就闯进房间 这使我非常生气 答案 bursted into the room 5 event n 事件 大事 课本原句 But the one million people of the city who taught little of these events were asleep as usual that night P26 6 as if 仿佛 好像 课本原句 It seemed as if the world was at an end P26 注 引导从句时 真实情况不虚拟 非真实情况虚拟 拓展 as if to do eg It looks as if it is going to rain I feel as if I had been born again 7 at an end 结束 终结 课本原句 It seemed as if the world was at an end P26 拓展 at the end of 在 的尽头 在 的末端 in the end 最后 终于 by the end of 到 结束时 常与完成时态连用 end up doing end up with sth 例题 The manager tried several times to pass the driving test and he succeeded A at an end B by the end C at the end D in the end 答案 D 8 nation n 民族 国家 国民 课本原句 One third of the nation felt it P26 The United Nations 联合国 9 dirt n 污垢 泥土 课本原句 Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt P26 10 ruin n 废墟 毁灭 v 毁灭 使破产 课本原句 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins P26 比较 damage destroy ruin damage 指部分 损坏 损害 破坏 或指使用价值有所降低 它可以用作动词 也可 以用作名词 用作名词时常与 to something 连用 例如 Hundreds of houses in the area were damaged by the storm 暴风雨毁坏了这个地区数以百 计的房屋 The accident did a lot of damage to his car 这次车祸使他的车受到很大的损坏 destroy 只能用作动词 指彻底破坏 以致不可能修复 常作 破坏 毁灭 解 也可以指 希望 计划等打破 例如 The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town 地震几乎毁灭了整个城镇 His hope of being a writer was destroyed 他想成为一个作家的希望破灭了 ruin 则表示破坏严重 以致不能修复 但这种破坏不像 destroy 那样毁灭某物 而是强调 致使该物的使用价值发生了问题 用作动词时 它作 使毁灭 使崩溃 弄糟 解 用作名 词时 它表示 毁灭 瓦解 废墟 等抽象概念 ruin 也有借喻的用法 例如 The fire ruined the castle 那场大火使城堡夷为废墟 拓展 ruin oneself 毁掉自己 自取灭亡 ruin one s health fame future pleasure in ruins 严重受损 破败不堪 例题 The car accident all his life After that he was limited to a wheelchair A damaged B destroyed C harmed D ruined 答案 D 11 extreme adj 极度的 课本原句 The suffering of the people was extreme P26 派生 extremely 常修饰 adj 例题 The heat in the desert is so there are few plants growing there A hot B huge C serious D extreme 答案 D 12 injure vt 损害 伤害 课本原句 Two third of them died or were injured during the earthquake P26 比较 hurt injure harm wound hurt injure harm 和 wound 都有 伤 的意思 但各自的含义和用法不同 hurt 普通用语 既可指肉体上的伤害 也可指精神上 感情上的伤害 如 The driver hurt himself badly in the accident 那位司机在这次事故中伤得很重 注意 指肉体上的伤害时 hurt 可与 badly slightly seriously 等连用 但若指精神上的创 伤 只能说 very much rather deeply hurt injure 比 hurt 正式 hurt 多指伤痛 而 injure 则指损害健康 成就 容貌等 强调功 能的损失 如 A bullet injured his left eye 一颗子弹伤了他的左眼 harm 用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可 有时可指引起不安或不便 还可用于抽象事物 尤其是指不道德的事情 如 Don t harm your eyes by reading in dim light 不要在昏暗的灯光下看书 以免损害眼睛 wound 指枪伤 刀伤 刺伤等皮肉之伤 是出血的 严重的伤 特指战场上的受伤 它可以指肉体上的伤害 也可比喻指人们精神上的创伤 如 The bullet wounded his arm 子弹打伤了他的一只胳膊 例题 I received his mother s phone call at ten Only then did I know that he was badly in an accident the day before yesterday A hurt B injured C harmed D wounded 答案 B 13 destroy v 破坏 毁坏 参见 ruin 课本原句 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed P26 14 brick n 砖 课本原句 Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves P26 15 track n 轨道 足迹 痕迹 v 追踪 课本原句 The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel P26 拓展 keep track of 了解 的动向 16 shock v 使 震惊 震动 n 休克 打击 震惊 课本原句 People were shocked P26 拓展 shock sb Sb be shocked at by 某人对 感到震惊 17 rescue n v 援救 营救 课本原句 Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins P26 18 trap n 陷阱 困境 v 使陷入困境 课本原句 Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins P26 拓展 trap sb into doing sth 设圈套让某人做某事 be trapped in 被困在 19 electricity n 电流 课本原句 Water food and electricity were hard to get P26 20 disaster n 灾难 课本原句 People began to wonder how long the disaster would last P26 21 dig out 掘出 发现 课本原句 The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead P26 22 bury v 埋葬 掩埋 隐藏 课本原句 The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead P26 拓展 be buried in bury oneself in 埋头于 专心于 bury one s hands in one s face 例题 she didn t find the teacher s eyes fixed on her bury 她埋头看小说 没注意到老师的眼睛盯着她 答案 Buried in the novel 23 mine n 矿 课本原句 To the north of the city most of the 10 000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there P26 拓展 gold coal mine 24 shelter n 遮掩 避身处 v 课本原句 Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed P26 例题 2009 湖北 Some parents are just too protective They want to kids from every kind of danger real or imagined A spot B dismiss C shelter D distinguish 答案 C 25 a great number of 许多 大量的 课本原句 Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping P27 拓展 a great large number of 可数名词复数 a great many of 可数名词复数 a great amount of 不可数名词 a great deal of 不可数名词 a quantity of quantities of 可数名词复数 不可数名词 其后谓语动词根据 quantity 定 plenty of masses of 可数名词复数 不可数名词 26 title n 标题 头衔 联想 subtitle 副标题 27 reporter n 记者 28 damage n v 损失 损害 参见 ruin 29 frighten v 使惊吓 吓唬 frightened adj 受惊的 受恐吓的 frightening adj 令人恐惧的 课本原句 It was a frightening night P28 This frightened boy whose mother was lost in the di