高考英语大一轮复习 专题四 名词性从句课件 北师大版.ppt

专题四名词性从句 语法专题 名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 中连接词的运用 主语从句的考查要点 宾语从句的考查要点 同位语从句的考查要点 表语从句的考查要点 语法填空 语法与写作 1 名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 中连接词的运用 名词性从句中的连接词有从属连词that whether if 连接代词what who which whose whatever whoever whomever whichever 连接副词where when why how wherever whenever 1 that的用法 1 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句中用that但不能省略 thattheyaregoodatenglishisknowntousall theproblemisthatwedon thaveenoughmoney thereportthattherewillbeaseverestorminthenorthernareaisfalse 2 一般情况下 宾语从句中的引导词that可省略 但在以下几种情况中that一般不省略 a 当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时 b 有多个that引导的从句时 第一个that可以省略 而其他的that常不可省略 c 介词except but besides in等后跟that引导的宾语从句时 d 当when who what where why how等引导的从句与that引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时 hejudgedthat becausehewasachild hedidnotunderstandwine thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried 3 that和what的区别 that引导名词性从句时 在主从句中不担当任何句子成分 也没有任何含义 而what引导名词性从句时 在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分 what可以分解成定语从句中的 先行词 关系代词 即常说的 先行词 that it sashamethathehasmadesuchamistake iwilldowhatican do tohelphim 4 同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别 同位语从句中的连接词that只起连接作用 在从句中不担当任何句子成分 而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中作宾语或主语 与先行词有修饰关系 如果句子是同位语从句 就应用连接词that而不能用which 同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释说明名词的含义或内容 如以下名词 news fact suggestion truth plan belief doubt possibility idea等 而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰 theyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitchinaagain 同位语从句 thehopetheyexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitchinaagain 定语从句 2 whether和if的用法 1 whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换 但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether italldependsonwhethertheywillcomeback 2 后面直接跟ornot时用whether ididn tknowwhetherornothehadarrivedinwuhan 3 主语从句 表语从句中只能用whether whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet thequestioniswhethertheyhavesomuchmoney 4 whether可以引导同位语从句 用以说明前面的名词的内容 if则不能 weoughttodiscusscarefullythequestionwhetherwecandoitornot 5 whether常与or连用表示一种选择 if不能这样用 whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能 thequestionofwhethertheyaremaleorfemaleisnotimportant ihavenotdecidedwhethertogoornot 6 间接宾语位于句首时或者间接宾语提前时用whether不用if thankyou butwhetheri llbefreei mnotsureatthemoment 7 whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示 不管 无论 而if不能 whetherhecomesornot wewillbeginourpartyontime 3 疑问词 ever和nomatter 疑问词的区别 1 疑问词 ever可引导名词性从句 在主从句中要充当一定的成分 whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop 2 疑问词 ever还可引导让步状语从句 whoeverbreakstherule hemustbepunished whateveryoudo youmustdoitwell 3 nomatter 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句 nomatterwhatyoudo youmustputyourheartintoit nomatterwhocomeslate hemustbepunished 4 when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别 when和where前面的名词若是表示时间 地点的名词 则when和where引导的是定语从句 否则则为同位语从句 theyputforwardthequestionwheretheycouldgetthemoney 同位语从句 thisistheplacewheretheaccidenthappened 定语从句 2 主语从句的考查要点 1 主语从句在复合句中充当主语 大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾 2 that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语 that不可省 what引导的主语从句表示 的东西 时 一般不用it作形式主语 whatever whoever whichever一般也不用it作形式主语 thatshewillsucceediscertain itiscertainthatshewillsucceed whatheneedsismoreexperience 常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种 1 it 系动词 形容词 necessary right likely unlikely wrong important certain clear obvious strange normal等 that从句itiscertainthatmostofthefarmershavebroughtinmoremoneybyallmeans 2 it be 名词 短语 apity ashame goodnews afact anhonour awonder nowonder等 that从句it snowonderthatyou veachievedsomuchsuccess 3 it be 过去分词 said told heard reported decided suggested advised ordered remembered thought considered well known announced等 that从句itissaidthattheprofessorhasalreadysucceededincarryingouttheexperiment 4 it 特殊动词 seem appear happen matter that从句ithappenedtomethatihadbeenawaywhenhecalled 注意 1 在 itisnecessary important strange natural that从句 结构中 从句谓语常用 should 动词原形 形式 2 在 it be suggested advised ordered requested insisted required that从句 结构中 that从句谓语应用 should 动词原形 语法填空1 barbarajonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness 2 itisobviousyou vemadeabigmistake 3 itwasneverclearthemanhadn treportedtheaccidentsooner 4 hedidthatwasn tquiteclear 5 itisstillunderdiscussiontheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot 题组训练1 what that that why whether 3 宾语从句的考查要点 1 动词的宾语从句 1 大多数动词 hope tell say等 可以带宾语从句 weallexpectthattheywillwin formembersoftheirteamarestronger idon tthinkyouareright idon tsupposehecares doeshe 2 动词find feel think consider make believe等后有宾语补足语时 则需要it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置 ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofboiledwatereveryday 3 有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it 这类动词 短语 有hate enjoy like love dislike seeto等 ihateitwhentheytalkwiththeirmouthsfull 2 一般情况下介词后只能用wh 类连接词引导宾语从句 wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub 注意 1 where引导的从句有时也可用作介词的宾语 wecouldseethetemplequiteclearlyfromwherewelived 2 that引导的从句作介词的宾语是很少有的 只有在except in but等介词后偶尔可能用到 yourcompositionisquitegoodexceptthattheorganizationisabitloose 3 sure certain glad pleased happy surprised等表示 情感 的形容词后也可带宾语从句 i msurethattheywillmakeitinspiteoftheterribleweather 语法填空1 theshockingnewsmademerealize terribleproblemswewouldface 2 we veofferedherthejob butidon tknow she llacceptit 3 thevillagershavealreadyknown we lldoistorebuildthebridge 题组训练2 what whether if what 4 hiswritingissoconfusingthatit sdifficulttomakeout itisheistryingtoexpress 5 twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteach theyshouldreadfirst what how 4 表语从句的考查要点 1 主句的主语是idea advice suggestion order request requirement等名词时 表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气 即 should 动词原形 的形式 hissuggestionisthatwe should changeourcourse 2 主语为名词reason时 表语从句中的连接词要用that 而不用why或because thereasonforsuchaseriousaccidentisthatthedriverwastoocarelessanddranktoomuch 3 because asif asthough as like等连接词也可引导表语从句 hehasheartdisease thatisbecausehehasbeensmokingtoomuch 语法填空1 iamafraidhe smoreofatalkerthanadoer whichis heneverfinishesanything 2 i dliketostartmyownbusiness that s i ddoifihadthemoney 3 thereasonwhyhedidn tgotoschoolwas hefellill 4 hecamelate thatwas hegotuplate 5 thequestionis wecanreducethecostoftheproduct 题组训练3 why what that because whether 5 同位语从句的考查要点 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词的内容的从句 1 能接同位语从句的名词有 belief fact hope idea doubt news conclusion suggestion problem order answer decision explanation information thought等 2 同位语从句一般用that引导 但也可以用连接代词 what which who 连接副词 when where why how 或whether引导 ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim 3 有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后 而是被别的词隔开 thestorygoesthatwilliamtelldidkillthekingwiththatsword 语法填空1 thereisclearevidencethemostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain 2 whenthenewscamethewarbrokeout hedecidedtoserveinthearmy 3 ihavenoideatheywillbebackandsettledown 题组训练4 that that when 4 thepossibilitythemajorityofthelabourforcewillworkathomeisatrend 5 thequestionsomanypeoplewouldchoosetoliveinthecountrysidebuttoworkinthecityisstillunderdiscussion that why 6 语法与写作 根据提示翻译下面的句子1 父亲建议我们进行爬山比赛 使用宾语从句 2013 湖南 书面表达 2 它表明了当今的一个普遍现象 孩子是家庭的中心 使用同位语从句 2013 福建 书面表达 myfathersuggestedweclimbthehillandhaveamatch itshowsacommonphenomenonnowadaysthatchildrenarethefocusoffamilies 3 我最在乎的是和你在一起的美好记忆 使用主语从句 2013 湖南 书面表达 4 我的建议是你们应该资助一些项目让人们意识到长江江豚 finlessporpoise 的严重形势并去保护它们 使用表语从句 2013 重庆 写作二 whaticaremostisthewonderfulmemoryofbeingtogetherwithyou mysuggestionisthatyoushouldfinancesomeprogrammestomakepeopleawareoftheserioussituationofthefinlessporpoiseandprotectthem 5 没有人否认这样一个事实 在这个过程中我们能够开阔视野 使用同位语从句 2013 山东 写作 noonecandenythefactthatwecanhaveourvisionbroadenedintheprocess 7 语法填空 stephenhawkingwasbornon8january 1942 300yearsafterthedeathofgalileo inoxford england whenhewaseight hisf