新版新目标英语七年级下册unit4知识点总结.doc

unit 4 Dont eat in class.Section A1. arrive late for 迟到，侧重到达的时间晚 be late for 迟到 侧重于状态 arrive late for class/school. = be late for class/school. 上课/上学迟到2. on time准时 按规定时间或指定时间做某事 不早不晚 in time及时 不迟到或在规定时间之前或接近所规定时间做某事 没有迟到，时间还充裕 He always go to school on time.他总是按时上学。 Fireman reached the house on fire in time.消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子。3. 祈使句 表示请求，命令或建议 祈使句无主语，主语you常省去，动词原形谓语当, 句首加dont否定变 朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。 肯定的祈使句(1) 实义动词原形+其他 Have a seat here. 请这边坐。(2) be动词原形+形容词+其他 Be a good boy!(3) Let sb do sth. Let me help you. 让我来帮你。(4) 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走 否定的祈使句(1) Dont+实义动词+原形 Dont forget me! 不要忘记我! (2) Dont be+形容词+其他 Dont be late for school! 上学不要迟到! (3) Dont let sb do sth Let +宾语+ not + 动词原形+其它成分 Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。 (4) No+Ving. No smoking! 禁止吸烟! No fishing! 禁止钓鱼4. hear listen sound 听 hear听说侧重于听的内容 Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了我很难过。 I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。 listen 听侧重于听的动作 Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。 sound听起来它是系动词后面接形容词等 That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。 5. fight v打架、打仗 过去式fought.(1)fight for为而斗争，后面常接抽象名词，表示为事业、自由等而斗争 目的 They are fighting for freedom.他们正为自由而战。(2) fight against为反对而战斗，后接事物名词、人和国家名词。 They fought against the enemy.他们和敌人作战。(3)fight with 和打架，同（并肩）战斗，对抗，后只接表示人或国家的名词。 Dont fight with him.不要和他打架。(4) fight about 为.争吵 吵架的原因6.take, bring take 带走，拿走指把东西从说话地带到别的地方 Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?你能帮我把这些书带到教室里去吗？ bring带来 指把东西从别处带到说话地7. 情态动词have to的用法(1)侧重于客观上的必要，必须 不得不做某事 和其他情态动词的区别在于其有人称的变化。(2)肯定句：sb +have/has to+动词原形。 主语为第三人称单数时用 has to，其他人称用have to. He has to work on Sunday.他不得不在周日工作。(3)否定句：sb +dont/doesnt have to+动词原形。 主语为第三人称单数用doesnt have to，其他人称dont have to.He doesnt have to leave now.(4) Does/Do+sb+have to+动词原形？Yes,do/does. No, dont/doesnt. 主语为第三人称单数时用does提问,其他人称用do提问.Section B1. practice 练习 practice doing sth practice (playing) the piano 练习弹钢琴 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧2. help v 帮助 help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth(n.)帮助某人做某事 help oneself(myself/yourself/herself) to+n.请随便用 help n 帮助 不可数 I often help him with his lessons.我常帮他学功课。 Please help yourselves to some fruit.请随便吃些水果。3. on school days在上学的日子 on school nights在校期间的晚上 4. too mang,too much与much too易混词组意义及用法例句too many形容词 太，太多 接可数名词There are too many people in the park.too much形容词，太多，接不可数名词I have too much homework today.much too副词，太，非常接形容词或副词My mother is much too busy.5. strict adj 严格的；严厉的 常与be动词连用(1)be strict with sb 对某人严厉 Mr. White is very strict with us. 怀特先生对我们要求很严格。 (2)be strict in (doing) sth 对某事要求严格 Our boss is strict in our work. 我们的老板对我们的工作要求严格。6. remember forget (1)remember 记得，记住，及物动词，可以直接加名词 remember doing sth记得已做某事（已做） I remember seeing him once.我记得见过他一次。(2)remember to do sth 记得要做某事（还没做） Remember to post the letter for me.记得给我寄这封信。(3) forget 忘记，忘了，作remember反义词时，用法和remember相同。7. follow v 遵守，遵循；跟随 follow the rules遵守规则 follow sb to do sth 跟着某人做某事8. 穿校服：单数：wear a uniform 复数：wear uniforms school rules 学校规章制度 9.keep (1)keep +形容词 连系动词 (2)keep+sth/sb +形容词 使.保持某种状态 (3)keep +doing 一直做某事 (4)keep . from doing . 阻止做某事. (5)饲养 keep a pet 饲养一个宠物 (6)保管，保存=borrow keep this book(7)遵守=follow keep this rule10.learn(1)learn to do sth学（做某事）(2)learn from. 向.学习(3)learn by oneself=teach oneself 自学(4)Its never too old to learn. 活到老学到老11. some通常用在肯定句中,而any用在疑问句和否定句中 some有时也可以用在疑问句中，主要有以下几种情况:(1) 在表示请求的疑问句中。 Could we have some bottles of orange juice, please?我们来几瓶橘汁,好吗? May I ask you some questions? 我可以问你几个问题吗?(2)在表示建议的疑问句中。 Would you like some bags of milk? 你想要几袋牛奶吗? Shall we have some rice for supper? 晚饭我们吃米饭,好吗?(3)在表示说话人盼望得到肯定答复的疑问句中。 Can you see some birds in the tree? 你能看见树上有些鸟吗?(4)用在表示反问的疑问句中。 Cant you see some apples on the tree? 难道你看不到树上有些苹果吗?12.either,too与also易混词意义及用法例句either“也”，用于否定句中，置于句末时用“，”隔开I wont go there,either.too“也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔开I like dancing,too.also“也”，用于肯定句句中I also like English.13. 祈使句（Imperative Sentence）(1)定义：表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子，祈使句常用于表达命令，也常称为命令句。(2)祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句 号或感叹号来表示结束。(3)肯定句：行为动词原形+其他 Go and wash your hands.去洗你的手。命令 Be quiet, please.= Please be quiet.请安静。请求 Be kind to our sister.对姐妹要和善。劝告 Watch your steps.走路小心。警告 Look out！Danger！小心！危险！强烈警告，已如感叹句 Keep off the grass.勿践草坪。禁止 No parking.禁止停车。