2011初三英语教案.doc

2011年春季英语E 09B09 初三英语复习八年级上第五单元语法Present Perfect Tense一 现在完成时的构成： have/has +动词的过去分词（一） 句式：1.肯定句 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+。2.否定句 主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+。3.疑问句 H ave/Has +主语+动词的过去分词+。？二，过去分词的构成（一） 规则动词的过去分词1. 规则动词的过去分词和它的过去式相同，即在原形后加-ed(以e结尾的词加d) 例如：work-worked arrive-arrived2.以元音字母+y结尾的直接加-ed play-played stay-stayed3.以辅音字母+y结尾的改y为I +-ed study-studied try tried4.plan, stop, drag, beg, drop等重读闭音节单词需要双写一个字母再加-ed.( 二) 不规则动词的过去分词有些动词的过去分词是不规则的，需要逐个记忆。练习一：写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词1. rush _ _ 2. finish _ _ 3. play _ _4.study _ _ 5.try _ _ 6.drag _ _7.beg _ _ 8.stop _ _ 9.read _ _10. lead _ _ 11.leave _ _ 12.feel _ _13.keep _ _ 14.cost _ _ 15.cut _ _16.let _ _ 17.put _ _ 18.bring _ _ 19.meet _ _ 20.write _ _ 21.sleep _ _22.lend _ _ 23.sit _ _ 24.do _ _25.find _ _ 26.get _ _ 27.win _ _28.go _ _三 现在完成时的用法1.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果。1）He has lost his key.2) I have bought two apples.2.常常与它连用的时间状语有： already, yet, just, ever, never1)just: 表明动作是：“刚刚”发生的，放在助动词have 等词后面 e.g. The taxi has just arrived.（刚刚）2)already: 通常用于肯定句，表示动作已经发生，放在助动词后面，也可放在句尾加强语气。e.g. Ken has slready gone. (已经) Ive done it already.3)yet 用于否定句和疑问句 e.g. They havent finished dinner yet. Has Ann worken uo yet?练习二： 用already或yet 填空。1. Have they taken down the old pictures _ ? _-_ No, not _.2. Most of us have _ come back.3. He hasnt visited the museum _.4. They havent dome the homework _.5. Have you found a job _?Yes, Ive _ found one.6. I have written a letter but I havent post it _.4) ever : “曾经“ ， 用于疑问句 e.g. Have you ever read the book?5)never : “从来没有“ ，用于否定句 e.g .I have never seen him before. A: Have you ever visited Shenzhen? B: Yes, I have./ No, I have never visited it.练习三：用ever或never填空1.Have you _ been to France? _ _No, _.2.I dont like hamburgers at all. So I have _ eaten one before.3.He is a good child and he has _ told lies before.4.Have you _ drank cola before?5.Have you _ ridden a horse?6.I dont know the girl. I ve _ met her.7.- Have you cleaned our classroom _? _ Yes, we ve done that _.3.表示过去动作持续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去。此时谓语动词一定是延续性动词。与它连用的时间状语有：1） for +时间段 He has been here for 10 years They have lived here for ten years.2)since+时间点（过去某一具体时间） He has been here since last Monday.Since+时间段+ago He has been here since 20 days ago.Since+从句 （时态用一般过去时） We have known each other for ten years.练习四：用since或for填空1. We have learned five lessons _ the beginning of this term.2. Mrs.Liao has been in hospital _ last week.3. I have studied at my aunts _ two weeks.4. I have been here _ 1999.5. They have kept the books _ one day.6. It has been old _ two weeks ago.7. We have learnt a lot _ we came here.四拓展一：have been to; have gone to ;have been in(at)1.have (has)been to sw 曾经去过某地，已回来2.have(has) gone to sw 去了某地还未回来3.have(has) been in (at)sw 表示在某地已经一段时间试比较： My father isnt at home now. He has gone to Beijing. My father came back home yesterday. He has been to Beijing. My father went to Beijing in July. He has been in Beijing for 4 months.练习五：用have gone to, have been to或have been in 填空。1.Where are the boy students? - They _ to the school factory.2. A: Is your father in? B:No, he _ to Shenzhen. A: _ he ever _ there before? B: Yes, he _ there several times.3.He asked me if I _ to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _ never _ to that city before.4. My brother _ the Great Wall three times.5.Alice _ the city for ten years.She loves it very much.6.Li Hua worked as a doctor in RenMin hospital. She _ the hospital for 8 years.拓展二：短暂性动词与延续性动词的区分1. 短暂性动词：表示动作的发生与结束一瞬间就完成，不能再延续，如：begin,die,leave,buy,come.go,borrow,join,etc.2. 短暂性动词可用于现在完成时，但不能与表示一段时间的状语：for+时间段，since+时间点/从句连用，也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中。 e.g. I have just left my school.I have left mu school for one hour.3.如遇到上述情况，可将短暂性动词转换为延续性动词，如：Buy-have borrow-keep come/go/become-be die_be dead Finish(end) be over begin _ be on fall asleep_ be asleep leave be awayOpen_be open close_ be closed marry _ be married put on _ be onArrive in(at)_ be arrived in/at get to/reach_ be here/thereJoin the army _ be in the army/be a soliderJoin the League _ be in the League/be a league member3. 例句。1） 老师离开半小时了。 The teacher has been away for half an hour. The teacher left half an hour ago.2)我叔叔去英国十年了。My uncle has beeb in England for ten years.My uncle went to England ten years ago.3)我妹妹借这本书两天了。My sister has kept this book for two days.My sister borrowed this book two days ago.练习六：改写同意句。1. We bought the book three years ago.= We _ _ the book for three years.2. I became a student two years ago.= I _ _ a student for two years.3. He has been in England for ten years.= He _ _ England ten years _.4. Mr .Black died three years ago.= Mr.Black _ _ _for three years.5. The film began half an hour ago.=The film has _ _ for half an hour.6. He has been a teacher for 10 years.=He has _ a teacher _1998.7. Mr.Smith came to this school in September.Mr.Smith _ _ at this school _ September.8. Peter joined the army three years ago. Peter has _ _ the army for three years.=Peter has _ a soldier _ three years.五现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1.一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系。（强调动作发生的时间）2.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响，强调的是现在。（侧重动作的结果）试比较：I have just lost my pen. I lost my pen yesterday.3.一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last year,three days ago, just now, in 1993,on 10 May4.现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，其时间状语往往是since,for.just,never,ever,before,already.yet,so far等或无时间状语。单选1. Li Mei is only a ten-year-old girl;but she _ to draw for about five years.A.learns B.learned C.would learn D.has learned2.There _ a lot of rain again last week. We _ too much rain this month. A.was; had B.was;have had C.has been; has had D.h