初一英语(上)语法归纳成都中和中学在线!.doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除初一英语（上）语法归纳一、名词：可数名词/不可数名词1可数名词单数变复数规则：一般的s eg: books desks bags;以s、x、ch、sh结尾的es, eg buses boxes watches;以辅着加y结尾的变y为ies, eg dictionary strawberry comedy documentary;以o结尾的名词除tomatoes外其余加s.2不可数名词：broccoli, ice cream, chicken, salad, water, milk, rice, Yuan, money, furniture, milk, bread3名词的所有格表的一般名词直接加s, eg: Toms clothes;以s结尾的复数名词直接eg: the boyssoccer;两个共有的某一物只在后一名词后加s eg: Lucy and Lilys room;两个分别所有的则要在名词后分别加s eg: Toms and Jerrys books;4可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语some(一些) a lot of=lots of(许多)后即可加可数也可加不可数名词；many许多可数名词的复数形式；much许多不可数名词；5句子单数变复数：IWe he/she/itthey thisthese thatthose is/amare asome n单n复 V三单V原Practice:1（1）一些手表（2）许多草莓（3）许多花椰菜（4）一些记录片（5）Lily的妈妈（6）这些男孩子们的书包（7）Lucy和她姐姐的房间（8）Mike的和Bob的笔（9）我们的笔（10）他们的名字（11）你的全家照（12）我的年龄（13）她最喜欢的书（14）两个西红柿（15）三张照片2将下列句子进行单复句转换：This is an eraser._He is a boy._The girl likes comedies._Thats Toms T-shirt._These are some tomatoes._Do they have eggs for breakfast?_We are Chinese._She likes action movies._二、冠词的用法（a/an/the）1在元音发音的可数名词前用an, 其余用a eg: an A / E / I / O / R / H / F / L / M / N / S / X / oange / apple / eraser / egg/ uncle / aunt / orange / sweater / English book / art class / actor actress / action movie / opera / ID card2在音乐器具前必须加 “the”eg: play the guitar / the piano / the drums3在球类、棋类和一日三餐前则不加冠词eg: play chess/ basketball / eat breakfast / lunch / dinner三、一般现在时1谓语为be. (1) be(is am are)的用法Iam you / they / these / those / 复数名词are he / she itis(this / that /单)Practice:用be的适当形式填空(1) I_ a student;(2) Tom and I_ boys;(3) This_ my book;(4) Their QQ numbers_ 8314 and 8201; (5) These_ my pens;(6)_ she your mother? Yes, she_;(7) Her favorite color_ blue;(8)_ you Lily? No, _ not; (9) How_they today? They_ OK and my uncle_ fine, too.(10) Lucys family_ at home this evening;(11) The boys teeth_ nice.(12) People _ friendly in China.2谓语为canV原形, can无人称和数的变化3谓语为行为动词(play, like, watch, do, go, run, sing, dance )(1)当主语为三单时，谓语动词也要变成相应的三单式，规则如下：一般的动词直接在词尾S, eg: helps likes以s、x、ch、sh、o结尾的动词加es, eg: teaches watches brushes goes does以辅音字母y结尾的则变y为ies, eg: study studies(2)当主语不为三人称单数时，谓语则用动词原形。三人称单数形式即：he, she it,Tom等人名；his / her / their / my / our / your单数名词eg: my, cat, my father, their book ectPractice: Jim usually_(watch) TV on Sundays. But Tom and Tim_ (not watch) TV at all. Scott_ (work) for long hours. He_ (brush) his_ (tooth) at 17:15. then he_ (have) a shower.I often_ (do) homework in the evening. But my brother often_his homework in the afternoon. I_ (go) to school at 7:00, but he_ (go) to school at 8:00.My parents_ (like) _ (banana) They also like_ (eat) bananas for dessert.Tom_(like) _ (play) soccer, Lets_ (play) soccer with_ (he).I_ (want) _ (be) a_ (run), My sister_ (want) _ (watch) a_ (run) game, she_ (want) _ (join) the_ (swim) club.4一般现在时的一般疑问句和否定句的变法1陈述句变否定句，直接在be(is / am / are) can后加not句中无be和can则在主语和谓语之间加dont / doesnt V; 主语dont V ；主语（三单）doesnt V；句中someany andor2陈述句变一般疑问句，句中有be和can的就直接把be动词式情态动词can提前(note: I amare you; are / myyour)句中无be或can则需在句首加Do、does(Do主语V; Does主三单V复)要注意把一人称二人称，someany；回答时要注意与问句保持一致Practice:(1)Im a student.(变否定句和一般疑问句)(2)He is Lilys brother. (变否定句和一般疑问句)(3)They are my parents and my grandparents. (变否定句和一般疑问句)(4)These are some English books. (变否定句和一般疑问句)(5)I can play the guitar. (变否定句和一般疑问句)(6)Tom can play chess. (变否定句和一般疑问句)(7)We have some volleyballs and basketballs. (变否定句和一般疑问句)(8)Lily likes hamburgers for breakfast. (变否定句和一般疑问句)(9)Students usually do homework in the evening. (变否定句和一般疑问句)(10)The boy does sports on Sunday morning. (变否定句和一般疑问句)(11)Scott takes NO.17 bus to a hotel. (变否定句和一般疑问句)四、特殊疑问句（特殊疑问词一般疑问句）1. What(对名词、人名、电话号码、动词和动词短语提问)；2. What color对颜色；3. What kind of movies(对电影提问)；4. What subject(对学科)；5. What time(对时间点提问)；6. When(对时间或时间点)；7. 对形容词提问用How, 如fine、OK等；8. How old(对年龄)；9. How much(对价钱)；10. 对数字及可数名词的量提问用How many可数名词的复数；11. 对地点提问用Where；12. 对because提问用Why；13. 对星期提问用What day；14.对日期用Whats the datePractice:（对划线部分提问）(1)My name is Li Xue._(2)The mans phone number is 85690101._(3)These are some orange oranges._(4)The oranges are orange._(5)The boy does homework at home._Mona Lisa 蒙娜?丽莎(6)He can play soccer._(7)My pants are blue._(8)Its seven-thirty Yuan._(9)Tom gets up at 6:00._(10)I like action movies._brand n. 商标；牌子(11)My favorite subject is English._(12)They have math and Chinese on Monday.(两个句子)_(13)Im fine._extinction n. 灭绝；消亡(14)He is OK._grasp vt. & n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会(15)I usually eat dinner in the evening._tick vt. 给标记号(16)My father is forty._(17)My sweater is 25._（设法）做完；通过(18)I have an eraser._get away with 被放过；（做坏事）不受惩罚(19)The windows are in the w