BOOK6 4 知识点.doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除UNIT 4 学案1 come about 常用于疑问句或否定句中。How did these differences come about?How did it come about that the sculptures appealed to you? This has not come about overnight.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒梳理：1) Tell me how the car accident came about. 2) Did you hear what happened to her?3) Great changes have taken place in our city in the last few years.4) A fire broke out during the night._ 事件的发生有某种原因或事先的安排：_偶然或突发性事件： _ 发生或想到，突然想起，意为发生时=happen: what has occurred? I occurred to me that she didnt know I had moved into the new house. Come about 事情发生了， 但还不知道为什么。常用于否定和疑问 When mother woke up, she didnt know what had come about. _ 常指战争灾难疾病争吵事件的发生练习：Its already 10:00. I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A. came over B. came about C. come about D. came up2. quantity 数量 Changing in quantity leads to changing in quality.1) Quantities of food /books were sent to the earthquake area.2) A large quantity of food/ books was/were sent to the earthquake area.梳理：a quantity of 可接_和_，作主语时谓语动词的数以_而定。 quantities of可接_和_, 作主语时谓语_。3.result in 导致 1) Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration. 2) The accident resulted in the death of two people. 梳理: result in:“导致”前_后_同义短语_ result from:由.产生;由.导致；前_后_as a result 因此; 结果as a result of作为.的结果;由于without result 无效地, 毫无结果地；联想：consequence 4. tend vt. 趋向, 往往是；照管, 护理tendency n. 趋向，倾向（常与to/towards连用）1) Most of boys tend to enjoy playing basketball.2) A team of medical workers were sent to tend the survivors of Whenchuan Earthquake.3) Nowadays there is a growing tendency for people to shop on the internet.练习：A sudden change in temperature _ to bring rain or snow. A. gets B. turns C. hopes D. tends 5.depend on/ upon+ n 依靠,依赖, 确(坚)信 You cant depend on your parents forever.depend on/upon+sb.+to do 指望某人做You cant depend on him to come on time.depend on/upon +it +that. 指望.You may depend on it that he will come.That (all) depends./ it all depends. (口语)视情况而定，I may help you. But that/ it depends. 6.as as one can = as as possible Please come here as soon as possible.= Please come here as soon as you can.as many as 多达 /as long as 长达,只要/ as far as 远至,就而论/ as well as 和一样好,也,和 /as early as 早在 7.trap vt. / n. 挡住圈套 They finally trapped the mouse in a cage.She was trapped in the burning house. 8.keep .from. stop. (from). prevent(from). You should clean your room to keep it from getting dirty.你应该打扫房间以保持干净。 Keep doing 继续/ keep out 挡住使进不去 /keep up with 跟上 9. What do you think green house gases do?你认为温室气体有什么作用呢? 本句中 think 后接了一个由 what 引导的宾语从句。 但应注意的是：特殊宾语从句即当一般疑问句主句的谓语动词是 think, believe，suppose， consider, imagine，guess 和 suggest 等时，表疑问的词要放在主句前即句首。例如： 正 Who do you think will win in the game? 误 Do you think who will win in the game? 当然一般情况下宾语从句的疑问词应放在主句之后，例如： 误 Why do you know we cant cut down the big tree? 正 Do you know why we cant cut down the big tree? when compared to other natural changes 是一个省略的时间状语从句，其完整的形式应该是 When it is compared to; 在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果从句和主句为同一主语，或者从句的主 语是 it,而且从句中的谓语动词时动词 be 或含有助动词 be，可省略主语和 be 如： If (it is) so, you must get back and get it.Although (he was) criticized, he still worked hard. He hurt his legs badly when (he was) playing football. 10.compare compare to/ with: 与相比 Compared to/with many women, she was indeed very fortunate. compare A with B：相比（不同） If you compare her work with his, you will find hers is much better. compare A to B：把 A 比作 B A teachers work is often compared to a candle. Compared with is similar to People often compare teachers to gardeners. 人们经常把老师比做园丁。11.There is no doubt that . 毫无疑问. There is no doubt that he can come on time. doubt 的宾语从句： 肯定句 whether / if / that .He doubted whether they would be able to help.否定句that He never doubted that they would win the game.beyond / without doubt 无疑地12. phenomenon (sing.) phenomena (pl.) the phenomena of nature 自然现象 /a social phenomenon 社会现象 13. subscribe vi. Vt. subscribe to 同意赞同，支持订阅签名 I subscribe to your opinion completely.(同意赞同) I subscribe to a weekly womens magazine（订阅报纸杂志） She subscribes to a society which helps to protect animals(捐款） 14Without the green house effect，the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句 =If there were no “green house effect”, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. But for electricity (= If there were no electricity)，there would be no modem industry 要是没有电，就不会有现代工业.15. add v. add up 加起来Add up these figures, please.add up to 合计达 add to 增加 If you add 4 to 3 , you get 7 16.go up:上升，增长；响起；（幕布）升起；破产Cigarettes are going up (in price). 上涨 Unemployment has gone up again.增加 The curtain goes up on a suburban living-room. (舞台幕布)拉起 go up in smoke 化为乌有 go by 经过 go through 经历，遭到 go on 前进 17.oppose vt.& vi.反对，抗争；使相对；使对照；抵制Most citizens opposed the new tax.大部分市民反对新税。 The mother opposed her daughters going there alone.这位母亲反对她女儿一个人去那儿 Im strongly opposed to your plan.我坚决反对你的计划。His daughter is very athletic, as opposed to his son, who is very clever.他的女儿擅长运动，他 的儿子却擅长动脑，两人形成鲜明的对比。oppose sth 反对某事oppose doing sth 反对干某事 be opposed to sth./doing sth.反对 as opposed to(介词)与对照下 表示“反对”的短语： be against 反对，不同意；object to (doing)sth.反对，讨厌； object that对提出异议。18.consequencen.结果，成果；逻结论；重要性；推论The rise in lung cancers was a consequence of cigarette smoking.肺癌的增长是吸烟造成的 结果。Im afraid youre ill.你恐怕是病了吧 Its of no consequence.不要紧 As a consequence of a great fire the house was completely destroyed.由于大火，房子被彻 底毁坏了。 Who should answer for the consequence of the accident.谁应该为这起事故负责？ be of no/little/great/much +consequence 不/非常重要 as a consequence (of)= in consequence (of) 结果（是） ，由于 take the consequence of 承担责任 answer for the consequences 对后果负责。 19. mild adj. 1) 温和的,温柔的 He is the mildest man alive. 他是世上最和善的人了。 2) 温暖的,暖和的 Its been a mild winter this year. 今年的冬天一直很暖和。 3) 味淡的,不浓烈的 Please make my drink a mild one. 请把我的酒调得淡一点。 4) 轻微的,不重的;宽大的 He was given a mild punishment. 他被从轻发落。 20. state; statement The witness stated that she had never seen Mr. Smith 陈述;声明;说明 Ice is the solid state of water .形态 In china, the railway are owned by the state.国家,政府 There are 50 states in AmericaEverything was in a state of disorder.状态 The president has made an important statement about the matter. state 是常用词，只人或物所处的外表、心理、健康及所处的情形等方面的情况，但不如 condition 具体，只用作单数形式。The house was in a dirty state. condition 是常用词，(1) 用作单数形式，表示人或物目前所处的真实具体状态， 尤指内在状态， 可与 state 替用；eg. be in poor/good condition (2)用作复数形式时，笼统地表示一般状态。eg. poor working conditions situation 是一般用词，尤指处于某时期的状况，处境，局面，形势。指各种具体情况综合起 来的状态，多指危急或重大的事态，强调外部因素对该事态的影响，常用作单数形式。 eg.find oneself in an embarrassing situation position （1）有利的状况（如竞争中或战争中的）（2）(尤作单数)处境，情势（尤指影响某人行 为的能力）eg.I am not in a position to help you.我帮不了你。 21. range n范围；vt. 变化，变动，排列1) The childrens ages in this nursery range from 2 to 5/ between 2 and 5.2) The goods are ranged in order.3) The money I possess now is not beyond the range of ￥10.22put up with 忍受；容忍1) We have to put up with her bad temper. 2) I cant put up with living with such people. 短语归纳: put aside_；put away_；put down_; put on _put off _； put out _； put up_；put forward_come up with_; keep up with_; catch up with_链接高考:Tom would like to find somewhere to work because he can not _ the boss.A. come up with B. catch up with C. keep up with D. put up with检测验收单词拼写The disease is becoming more _.(分布广的)The law come into _ in 1918.(存在)So far, many astronauts have entered _ space for research.(外部的)I was asked to give a short _ on the aims of the plan.(展示)Its very convenient to cook in a _ oven.(微波)He _ at todays newspaper and walked out.(瞥了一眼)On _(平均), how much do you earn per month?(平均)Experts stated that global temperature would show a _(趋势) to increase.This is a formal party so youd better not wear _ clothes.(随便的)He _ much time and energy in writing this book.(消耗)Large _ of good clothes are being sold in the supermarket on National Day.(大量)We _ that the students cheat the teacher in the exams.(反对)Factories have been urged to switch from coal to a cleaner _.(燃料)This had the unexpected _ that he got fired.(后果)One of the _(现象) that drew my attention was magnetism(磁力)。单项选择1.The prices of beer _ from 50 cents to 4 per liter during the summer season.A. found B. ranged C. separated D. differed2. Ann is careless sometimes, but _, she is a hardworking student.A. to tell you the truth B. believe it or not C. that is to say D. on the whole3. There are many inconveniences(不方便) you have to _ when you are camping.A. put up with B. put up C. put off D. put away4. _ all my family, I sincerely thank you for what you have done for us.A. On behalf of B. Represent C. Stand for D. Instead of5. You can go out, _ you promise to be back before 11 oclock.A. as far as B. so far as C. when D. as/so long as6. Dont expect too much of him. After all, he is a child of _ intelligence.A. slight B. average C. strange D. different7. Under no circumstances, _ to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isnt for her family and herself.A. Lily will agree B. will Lily agree C. Lily will disagree D. will Lily disagree8. He offered me some coffee with which to _ my spirit. A. renew B. refresh C. recreate D. reshape9. The woman stayed at home to _ her very sick child. A. tend B. educate C. refresh D. advocate语法练习1. I like_in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one2. He was