动词不定式学案.doc

2012届高一英语动词不定式学案动词不定式学案学习目标：1. 了解、掌握动词不定式的构成、不同形式和在句中的功能 I. 请划出下列句中的动词不定式结构.1. To improve her speaking ability, she tries her best to practice speaking English every day.2. It is impolite of you to stare at the foreigner.3. Tom happened to be reading a novel when the teacher came in.4. That question is too difficult for me to answer.5. To learn English well is very important.6. His task today is to finish writing the composition in English.7. He wished his son to get used to the school life in Canada soon.8. He is searching for a house to live in .9. I dont know what to do next.10. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday hasnt been decided yet. 11. Mr. Brown told his son not to speak loudly in public. 12. He happened to have seen the play already, so he knew the story quite well.II. 要点分析：不定式由动词前加to构成，兼有动词的特征。请写出以动词do 为例的不定式的不同形式。主动被动否定式一般式完成式进行式 III. 句法功能：不定式具有名词、形容词、副词、动词的多种特征，因此它可以在句中作主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语，宾补/主补。一、考查动词不定式作主语试题精选1. _(see) is to believe.2. Its nice_you_me with my maths. A. for; to help B. for; helping C. of; to help D. of; helping 考点分析 1. 不定式短语做主语时有两种位置。一是将不定式（短语）直接放在句首。To serve the people is our duty.To master a foreign language is not easy.但在多数情况下常用it做形式主语，将不定式后置，以避免句子结构头重脚轻。It is our duty to serve the people.It is not easy to master a foreign language.2. 不定式的复合结构如要说明动词不定式的动作的执行者,可在不定式前加一个介词for引导的短语;但如果表语是kind, nice, clever等描述动作执行者的性格、品质的形容词时,则应在不定式前加一个of引导的短语,而不可用for引导的短语。It is important for us to learn English.请试举出类似的形容词：_ It is kind of you to help me. 请试举出类似的形容词：_ 请以这俩个句型各造两句：It is +adj. + for sb to do1._2._It is + adj. + of sb to do1. _2._二、考查动词不定式做表语：试题精选1. His wish is _(成为一个作曲家)。考点分析不定式可以用在be动词后做表语。这类结构中的主语一般为名词如：idea, hope, purpose, plan; aim; intention,wish 等，用来说明主语的内容。Ex：translation：1. 我的目的是给他们一个教训。_.2. 外科医生的其中一个任务是给病人动手术。_.三、考查动词不定式做定语：试题精选1. I have an important meeting _ (attend). 2. She has no paper_. A. to write B. to write with C. write on D. to write on考点分析动词不定式作后置定语时,与被修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。若动词不定式是不及物动词时,则要带上与之搭配的介词,构成及物动词短语。eg. He is looking for a room ( to live in.) She was the first person _ (think) of the idea.四、考查动词不定式做宾语试题精选1. They are not very good, but we like _. A. anyway to play basketball with them. B. to play basketball with them anyway. C. to play with them basketball anyway. D. with them to play basketball anyway.2. He agreed _( keep) it a secret.3. Little Jim should love _ ( take ) to the theatre this evening.4. One ought _ (not punish ) for what one hasnt done. 考点分析一些动词,如decide, hope, ask等,常接动词不定式作宾语。请你列出用不定式作宾语的动词还有:_五、考查动词不定式做宾补试题精选1. As youve never been there before, Ill have someone _ ( show ) you the way.2. Mrs. Smith warned her daughter never _(drive) after drinking.3. The waiter was made _ ( apologize ) to the guest.考点分析1. 有些动词,如teach, want, tell等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,即构成teach/want/tell sb. to do sth.结构。请你写出其他类似的动词还有：_2. 动词不定式作使役动词及感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to。这些动词是 （请你补充完整）：一感_,二听_三让_,五看_。如把这些句子改成被动语态，则应还原toEX. Paul doesnt have to be made _ ( learn ). He always works hard. 六、考查动词不定式做状语：试题精选1. Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to2. _late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept3. I hurried to the railway station, only _(find) the train had left. 4. 翻译下面句子1). I am not such a fool as to think she is a warm-hearted woman.2). The young couple think that their son is old enough to dress himself, but their parents dont think so.3). Would you be so kind as to help me with the heavy suitcase?考点分析动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词,表示目的,也可以表示结果或原因。eg. I am sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.用来引导目的状语的除了有 to do 以外，还有_用来引导结果状语的除了有 too. to do. 以外， 还有 _七、考查连接代(副)词+动词不定式结构的用法试题精选 1. Theres no difference between the two words. I really dont know_. A. what to choose B. which to choose C. to choose which D. to choose what2. The students of Class One will spend their winter holiday in Shenzhen, but the students of Class Two havent decided_.A. what to buy B. how to go C. where to go D. which to choose3._the computer is a problem.A. How to use B. What to use C. Which to use D. Where to use考点分析在英语中有些动词,如ask, decide, tell, know等后可接疑问代(副)词+动词不定式作宾语,以此对宾语从句进行简化。eg. I dont know what to do next. = I dont know what I should do next.另外，动词不定式还可以和what, where, how, when, which等连接代词(副词)连用,在句中作主语。eg. Where to go for a picnic hasnt been decided yet.八、考查it做形式宾语的用法试题精选：I found _ to hear what he said. A. that difficulty B. it difficulty C. that difficult D. it difficult考点分析：it做形式宾语常用在以下结构中：句式为：主+consider,think,make,feel,find,regard,believe+it +adj/n+to do sthTranslation:1、我们认为全心全意为人民服务使我们的责任。_2、我觉得不努力就获得成功是不可能的。_九、考查某些动词后既可跟动词不定式有可跟动名词做宾语的区别试题精选- The light in the office is still on.- Oh, I forgot_.A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off考点分析：由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意EX：1. 请说出下列词的不同含义stop doing/to do。remember doing/to doregret doing/to dotry doing/to do。go on doing/to dobe afraid of doing/to domean to doing/to do2. Translation:1). 记着放学后去趟邮局。_2).你不记得以前见过那个人吗?_3). .他后悔以前没有好好学习。_十、考查动词不定式的进行式和完成式试题精选1. The book is said _( translate) into several languages already.2. Mr. Black is said _(study) in New York now.考点分析：这类结构主要用于以下的动词seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be reported, be known； happen、pretend、等。还可用于表示打算、计划要做的事情，但是没有做成，这类动词有：want; hope; wish; expect; mean; intend ; plan. would love to; would like to 等。EX： 1.I would love _(go) to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.2. Robert is said _(study) abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in.EX: 一、请说明在I 中划出的不定式充当什么成分。二、Multiple choice.1.The teacher told them _ make so much noise. A. dont B. not C. will not D. not to 2. Our master often told us _ things for granted. A. not to have B. not to take C. didnt take D. not to make 3. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 4. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating5. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line. A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going6. They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 7. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _by his little sister. A. cry；to cryB. crying；crying C. cry；cryD. to cry；cry8. John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing 9. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 10. Therere so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _ to buy. A. what B. which C. how D. where11. There isnt any difference between the two. I really dont know _. A. where to chooseB. which to choose C. to choose whatD. to choose which1 2. “ Have you decided when _?” “ Yes, tomorrow morning.” A. to leaveB. to be leaving C. will you leave D. are you leaving13. Last summer I took a course on _. A. how to make dresses B. how dresses be made C. how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be made14. He doesnt know _ to stay or not. A. whether B. if C. either D. if he will15. Frank is the kind of person who people like to _. A. make friend with B. make friends of C. make friends D. make friends with16. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to _. A. sit B. sit on C. be sit D. be sat on 17. The problem _ at tomorrows