人教版高中英语必修二Cultural relics-词汇讲解学案.docVIP

Cultural relics-词汇讲解学案1.rare 稀少的，罕见的；珍贵的；三分熟辨析：易混词辨析例句rare通常指罕见而有价值的事物。He replaced the rare vase with/ by a false one.scare主要指有用的一般事物，但目前数量不够。Water is scare in the desert.uncommon/unusual指因不经常发生而值得注意的事物。Its no longer uncommon/unusual for a girl to take part in the games now.2.valuable adj.有很大价值的，贵重的，有用的；n.贵重物品This is a valued gift though it is hardly valuable.主观上valued的东西，客观上不一定valuable。3.survive(1)vi.继续生存或存在e.g. Many strange customs have survived from earlier times.(2)vt.经历某遭遇后幸存；幸免于；从（困境等中）挺过来He told me only a few soldiers had survived the war.在战争中幸存下来。（survive）(3)vt.比长寿；比活得长e.g. The man survived his sister by three years.4.in search of寻找，在句中常作目的状语或表语。search sth./sp./sb.搜查某物、某处、某人 search for/after寻找，探究 searchfor寻找search int调查，研究 search out搜查出，探出 search through把仔细搜寻一遍search的宾语是搜寻的范围，search for的宾语是搜寻的对象。5.amazing辨析：易混词辨析例句amaze“惊愕”；含有惊叹；佩服之意。Fares perfect voice amazedme.surprise“惊讶”“出乎意料”；是“吃惊”的普通用词。语气较弱。It surprised me that you sang this song so well.astonish“使十分惊讶”“试大吃一惊”(=surprise sb. very much)，语气较强，含难以置信之意。She astonished us by saying she was leaving.shock使“震惊”；多用来指重大的事情使人为之一震，有大为惊讶之意（=surprise sb. greatly），语气最强。I was shocked by what had happened.6.selectselect sb./sth. as选某人、某物作为 select sb./sth. from从中选出某人、某物selective 选择性的，有选择的 selected精选的（newly-selected）辨析：易混词辨析例句select“精选”；是指从同类事物中的许多东西中仔细辨别后选择，挑选最合适的。I selected some exercises.choose“选择”。是“选择”的最普通的用词。You can choose one from these chalks.pick“挑选”；挑剔和苛刻地选择，多指选有形的东西。Will you help me pick some strawberries?7.desgin v. & n.be designed to do目的是做be designed for sb./sth.打算给某人用、打算作某物用 介词for常用于表示用途、对象等，后接名、代或Vingbe designed as sth.打算当作某物design doing/to do打算做make designs for为设计 by design故意地=by intention/on purposehave designs on企图占有；对不怀好心8.fancy adj. vt. & n.(1)奇特的，花样的，花哨的e.g. a fancy meal(2)想象，揣测，假想fancy + that clause以为 fancy (ones) doing sth.想象（某人）做某事fancy sb. (to be)/as认为某人（是）(3)n.爱好，喜爱，迷恋have a fancy that感到，揣测 have a fancy for喜欢take a fancy to变得喜欢 take/catch ones fancy引起某人的喜欢(4)Fancy your talking like that!fancy常用于表惊叹的句子，意为“没想到，竟然”9.decorate v.(1)装饰，装潢 decorate sth. with.（主动） 用装饰 be decorated with sth.被用某物装饰with表示所使用的工具或方式eg:They docorate the Christmas tree with lights. We see with our eyes and hear with our ears. Write your names with a pen,not with a pencil.(2)粉刷；油漆；糊墙纸(3)点缀；装点(4)授给（某人）勋章或奖章 decorate sb. for sth.10.belong(1)应在（某处）e.g. Where do these cigarettes belong?(2)适应；合得来e.g. He doesnt feel as if he belongs here.belong to(1)属于某人，归某人所有e.g. Who does this golden ring belong to?(2)（事件、比赛等中某人）获胜，最受欢迎e.g. The film “the Message” belonged to the award ceremony.(3)是俱乐部；组织等的成员(4)属于Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future_ to the well-educated.A. belongs B. is belonged C. is belonging D. will be belongedbelong to既无被动形式，也不能用于进行时。to为介词，可跟名词或代词作宾语。可用于V-ing形式作后置定语Eg:I dont know any members belonging to that club. Diao Yu Island,belonging to China,is off the north coast of Taiwan.11. in return 作为回报，回过来，单独作状语Eg:I wish I could do something for you in return.I gave him a present.In return,he gave me nothing.He wanted nothing in return.in return for作为对某事的回报，作为对的报答；为答谢；作为的交换eg:I bougt him a drink in return for his help.12.consider(1)仔细考虑，细想consider + n./doing/wh- + to do/that-clause(2)认为；以为；觉得e.g. He considers it a great honor to give a speech during the meeting.consider + that-clause/(to be/as) + n./adj./宾语+宾补(3)体谅，考虑到，顾及You should consider other people before you act.应当考虑到别人（consider）(4)端详；注视e.g. He stood there, considering the girl.13. at war介词 + 名词（表状态）at peace at breakfast at table at rest at the piano on show on sale on firein trouble in danger under discussion under construction14.remove vt.(1)移走；移开；移动；搬开（+from/to）e.g. I removed the box to another desk.(2)除掉，清楚e.g. I removed the mud from my shoes.(3)脱下（衣服等）e.g. I removed my glasses.(4)把免职；撤去（+from）e.g. He was removed from the post.15.less than辨析：短语符号意义less than少于not less than=at (the) least不少于，至少no less than和一样，不少于（强调多）more than多于；不仅仅not more than=at (the) most不多于，不超过，至多no more than仅仅（强调少）16. wooden adj.(1)木制的，木头的(2)木头似的；死板的；呆板的；木纳的e.g. The act playing the father was too wooden.-en后缀(1)由制成（构成的）；像一样的（用在名词后构成形容词）golden, woolen, earthen(2)使；使成为；变得（用于形容词之后构成动词）blacken, sadden, broaden, widen17. doubthave (no) doubt(s) about sth.对某事（不）确信have no doubt(s) that相信have doubt(s) whether怀疑（是否）There is no doubt about sth.对某事有把握There is no doubt that无疑，that引导同位语从句。in doubt不肯定的；不确定的without doubt无疑地；确实地make no doubt(of)（对）毫不怀疑throw(cast) doubt on(upon)使（某人）对产生怀疑doubt whether怀疑doubt sth./sb.怀疑某事、某人18.worth(1)adj.值得的；相当于的价值的e.g. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. He gave out a suggestion which was not worth considering.不值得考虑的。（worth, consider）a. worth后可接“钱数”或一些名词、动名词，接动名词时可用主动形式表被动意义。b. worth不可用very修饰，可以用well。(2)n.价值；作用；重要性辨析：易混词辨析例句worth指从精神、文化方面产生的价值。The true worth of Shakespeares plays cant be measured by their commercial value to the theater.value指认为某事、某物是否有用或有重要的价值。易混词辨析worthbe worth + n./doingworthy后常接of being done或to be done或sth.worthwhile常用结构为：Its worthwhile to do/doing sth.It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and _ better ones of yo