2017高考英语(外研版)总复习 学案：Module5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges(必修4).doc

Module 5A Trip Along the Three Gorges 基础自主回顾.课标单词1_同事(n.)2_向下游；随波而下(adv.)3_做生意(vi.)4_迂路；绕行之路(n.)5_禁止(vt.)6_多山的(adj.)7_极大的(adj.)8_肥沃的(adj.)colleaguedownstreamtradedetourforbidmountainousimmensefertile9_遥远的(adj.)10_景色；风景(n.)11_围绕；环绕(vt.)_周围的(adj.)_环境(n.)12_变狭窄(vi.)_狭窄的(adj.)_勉强地；仔细地(adv.)remoteviewsurroundsurroundingsurroundingsnarrownarrownarrowly13_遥远的(adj.)_距离(n.)14_开发(vt.)_(n.)15_多变化的(adj.)_(使)不同(v.)_多样性；种类(n.)_各种各样的；不同的(adj.)_可变的；易变的(adj.)16_自然地(adv.)_ (adj.)_(n.)distantdistanceexploitexploitationvariedvaryvarietyvariousvariablenaturallynaturalnature.常用短语1_在的边缘2_有大量的3_被所包围4_敲竹杠；敲诈5_(俚语)从中得到乐趣6_利用7_至少8_在远处9_经过；经历；通过10_反对at the edge ofbe heavy withbe surrounded byrip offget a kick out oftake advantage ofat leastin the distancego throughbe against.重点句型1_ youre going on a trip through the Three Gorges.想象一下你正在穿过三峡旅行吧。答案：Imagine2He and a colleague _ two years there _ English at a teacher training college.他和另一位同事将在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。答案：were to spend; teaching3We could _ the sun _ behind the white pagoda.我们目睹太阳在白塔后西沉。答案：see; setting4Nearly 100 million people live here, _.差不多一亿人口住在此地，绝大多数住在东部。答案：most of them in the east.模块语法1I wonder why Mr. Green hasnt showed up at the meeting yet.Im not sure, but he _ in a traffic jam driving here.A. could be stuckB. might stuckC. might have been stuckD. must have stuck答案与解析：C从句意知是对过去事实的一种可能的推测。2Why didnt you come to Mikes birthday party yesterday?Well, I _， but I forgot it.A. shouldB. mustC. should have D. must have答案与解析：C表示客观事实上的一种可能性。3Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ medical examination.A. be; should have B. was; haveC. should be; have D. was; has答案与解析：B考查动词suggest的用法。第一个suggest意为“表明，暗示”，其后宾语从句用陈述语气；第二个suggest意为“建议”，其后宾语从句用虚拟语气。4He _ the job well, but he _ so careless.A. had done; had beenB. could do; wasC. could have done; wasD. hadnt done; had been答案与解析：C本题考查虚拟语气。由句意：他本可以把工作做好，但他却是如此粗心。知选C。考点探究解密考 点 解 读1surround vt.包围，环绕 v围绕n.围绕物(尤指)围饰精讲拓展：be surrounded with/by.被环绕着；周围都是surround oneself with.喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有(某类东西)surrounding adj.周围的；附近的surroundings n环境误区警示：surroundings n环境(通常用复数形式)The house is in beautiful surroundings.这座房屋四周的环境优美。朗文在线：The city is surrounded on all sides by hills.这个城市四面环山。How can I work when Im surrounded by idiots?和那么多白痴在一起，我怎么能工作呢？David loved to surround himself with young people.戴维很喜欢和年轻人在一起。命题方向：surround的各种形式及意思是考查的重点。活学巧练：(1)She has always been_(包围)with fashionable friends.(2)He likes to_(生活在)beautiful things.(3)The house is situated in very pleasant_(环境)(4)There are some strange things_(环境)her.surroundedsurround himself withsurroundingssurrounding2trade n&v.生意；做生意The company trades mainly in furs and animal skins.精讲拓展：trade with与做交易trade in sth.经营trade name商标名，商品名trade mark商标trade union工会trade on sth.(贬义)利用牟取私利活学巧练：(1)He _(以牟利)his fathers reputation.(2)The old man_his house_(用交换)a car.(3)He tried his best to develop_(贸易)relations between the two nations.(4)Shoemaking is a useful_(行业)trades ontradedfortradetrade3forbid v禁止；不许精讲拓展：forbid doing sth.禁止做某事forbid sb.(to do)sth.禁止某人(做某事)forbidding adj.可怕的；令人难亲近的forbidden adj.禁止的；严禁的the Forbidden City紫禁城误区警示：forbid直接接动词的ing形式，不可接不定式形式。朗文在线：You may not go to the partyI absolutely forbid it!你也许不参加聚会我绝对不许你去。Who would run the business if, God forbid, you were to die?假如你死了，但愿不会发生这样的事，谁来打理生意呢？He was forbidden to leave the base as a punishment.作为惩罚，他被禁止离开基地。命题方向：forbid doing与forbid sb. to do是重要考点。活学巧练：(1)The school_(不允许)the students to smoke.(2)The storm_(禁止)us to go out.(3)We_(禁止抽烟)here.(4)He was_(不允许)access to the club.forbidsforbadeforbid smokingforbidden(5)He was in poor health, so the doctor_him to drink wine.AhopedBdemandedCforbade Dprevented答案与解析：C“因为身体不好，医生禁止他饮酒”，句意理解。4mark n符号，记号；污迹；斑点；分数v.留下痕迹；标示；标志；打分；作记号精讲拓展：pass mark(考试的)及格分数question mark问号be marked by.具有特征mark sb./sth. down记下(某事)，给低分mark.out画线标出be marked with.标注了误区警示：mark作名词时是一个可数名词，表示“分数”时属英式用法，grade表示“分数”属于美式用法。朗文在线：What do those strange marks at the top mean?上面那些奇怪的符号表示什么意思？The pass mark was 50%.及格分数是(百分制)50分。Her writing is marked by a subtle irony.她的写作特点是带有一种微妙的讥讽。Ive got a pile of exam papers to mark.我有一堆试卷要评阅打分。命题方向：mark作为及物动词的用法常在时态考查题中出现。活学巧练：Prices_on the goods, that is, the goods are marked_prices.Amark; by Bare marking; onCare marked; with Dwere marked; for答案与解析：C两个分句都是被动语态。be marked with标注了。5view n景色，风景；观点，看法vt.观察，观看；认为；把看作是精讲拓展：in view of鉴于，考虑到be in view在视野中have a good/bad/wonderful view of看得见/看不见/看得非常清楚on view展览着，陈列着take the view that持的观点朗文在线：The judge took the view that a prison sentence would not be proper in this case.法官认为判决入狱对这一案件不合适。We had a really good view of the whole stage from where we were sitting.从我们坐的位置看，整个舞台尽收眼底。She waited until the whole island was in view and then took a photograph.她一直等到看见整个岛才拍了一张照片。活学巧练：翻译(1)你如果站在这里，就可以更清楚地看到这个广场了。答案：(1)If you stand here, youll get a better view of the square.(2)In view of his recent conduct, we decided to teach him a lesson.答案：(2)鉴于他最近的表现，我们决定给他一个教训。(3)What is your view on school punishments?答案：(3)你对学校的处罚有什么看法？6narrow v变窄；使变狭窄，使缩小adj.勉强的；狭窄的a narrow escape九死一生narrow victory/ defeat险胜/勉强击败narrow down缩小的范围narrow. to.把局限在之内narrowly adv.勉强地；差一点儿；狭隘地朗文在线：There are plans to widen the narrowest section of the road.有计划要拓宽这条道路最狭窄的部分。The police have narrowed down their list of suspects.警方已经缩小了嫌疑犯的范围。We narrowly missed hitting another car.我们差一点儿撞上另一辆汽车。活学巧练：(1)河道在这里变窄了。The river _ at this point.(2)他对着太阳眯起了眼睛。He _ his eyes _ the sun.(3)当卡车撞到她的汽车时，她险些丧生。She had a _ when a lorry crashed into her car.narrowsnarrowedagainstnarrow escape7distant adj.遥远的，远隔的，亲属关系远的；冷淡的，不友善的精讲拓展：be distant towards sb.对某人冷淡keep sb. at a distance与某人保持一定距离；不愿与某人亲近at a distance相距，相隔in the distance在远处keep ones distance from sb./ sth.与保持一定距离go the distance(尤指运动)继续跑完全程，赛足全局at a respectful distance敬而远之out of distance (from.)离太远，达不到distance n距离，间距，远处；冷淡distantly adv.远地朗文在线：The school is three miles distant from the town.那年学校离城三里。These two boys dont look alike, but they are distant relations.这两个孩子外表不像，但是他们是远亲。Instead of stopping to speak, she passed by with only a distant nod.她没有停下来说话，只冷淡地点点头便过去了。活学巧练：Last night I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg; it was a _ of about eighty miles.Adistance BheightCspace Dspeed答案与解析：A此处指路程的距离。height“高度”；space“空间”；speed“速度”。(2)We heard a gun, and then saw a light _.Ain the distance Bin a distanceCat the distance Dat distance答案与解析：Ain the distance“在远处”；at a distance“相距，相隔”，其他搭配均不对。 8only if只有才精讲拓展：if only可引起感叹句，句中需用虚拟语气(多为一般过去时，过去完成时或could/woulddo)，意为“但愿，要是就好了”。if only可引导状语从句，从句中用虚拟语气，意为“若是，要是”。only if引导状语从句，用陈述语气，意为“只有”，若置于句首主句要用部分倒装。误区警示：only if的中心词在“if”，强调条件。朗文在线：If only I had a car, I could get out of this place.要是我有辆车，我就能离开这个地方了。Ill tell you, but only if you promise not to tell anyone else.如果你保证不告诉任何人，我就告诉你。命题方向：only if放于句首，主句需倒装是重要考点。活学巧练：汉译英(1)他当时要是记得买些水果来该多好。答案：(1)If only he had remembered to buy some fruit. (2)假若我是乘计程车去的就好了。答案：(2)If only I had gone by taxi. (3)只要红灯一亮，就表示有危及职工的险情。答案：(3)Only if the red light comes on is there any danger to employees.9at the edge of在的边缘At the edge of the road lies a red house.精讲拓展：be on edge紧张不安的；易怒的；烦躁的take the edge off sth.减少(轻)或软化某物on the point of濒临edge sb./sth. out(of sth.)使某人/物逐渐丧失地位、力量或权力注意：on the edge of和at the edge of的区别：on意在“在之上”；而at意为“靠近，接壤”。朗文在线：Just leave it on the edge of your plate.把它放在你盘子边上就行。Ive been on edge ever since I got the letter.收到那封信以后，我就惴惴不安。Suli stood at the waters edge.苏利站在水边上。活学巧练：(1)She was a bit_(紧张不安的)till she heard he was safe.(2)His brothers failure_(减轻，冲淡)his own success.(3)He_(被谋取)his job by his ambitious assistant.(4)Dont put that glass_(在边上)the table; it might fall off.on edgetook the edge offwas edged out ofon the edge of10out ofn.短语He came to my help out of friendship.精讲拓展：out of表“缺乏，没有”out of表“出于，由于”out of表“来自，在外”out of表“超过，脱离”活学巧练：英译汉(1)out of water_out of work_out of money_out of patience_(2)out of regard_out of kindness_缺水失业缺钱缺乏耐心出于尊敬出于好意(3)out of a book_out of a bottle_ten li out of Shanghai_(4)out of trouble_out of danger_out of date_out of hand_out of the question_out of question_从一本书里从瓶子里出上海十里路脱离困境脱险过时难控制不可能；做不到毫无疑问 out of step_out of sight_out of character_out of order_out of place_out of breath_步调不一致看不见不适当；不相称出故障不在正常位置；不恰当上气不接下气11go through经受，经历；(法律)被通过；仔细检查精讲拓展：go through with sth.完成，将某事进行到底go against违背go away走开，离开go in for sth.参加(考试、竞赛)；从事(某项活动)go with与匹配，与协调误区警示：go through中through是介词，其后接名词、代词或相当于名词的词或词组作宾语。朗文在线：How does she keep smiling after all shes gone through?她经历了这一切后怎么还能满脸笑容？The Bill went through Parliament without a vote.法案未经表决就在议会通过了。Dave went through his pockets looking for the keys.戴夫翻遍了他的衣袋找钥匙。命题方向：go through常与go away, go out, go off等放于一起以词语辨析题的形式出现。12rip off(1)偷窃，盗取(sth.)；(2)敲诈，讹诈(sb.)；(3)猛地扯开，突然拉开精讲拓展：rip the letter open把信撕开rip at sth.猛烈撕开；用刀割rip into sb. for sth.责备；斥责；穿透rip sth. up把某物撕碎朗文在线：Thieves broke in and ripped off five computers.盗贼破门而入，盗走了五台电脑。Tourists complain of being ripped off by local cab drivers.游客们抱怨被当地的出租车司机敲了竹杠。He ripped off his tie.他一把拽开领带。活学巧练：Nowadays some children born in the rich families are often _ by some wanderers.Aripped off Bripped upCripped into Dripped apart答案与解析：Arip off“敲诈”；rip up“撕碎”；rip into“钻入，穿透”；rip apart“毁坏，摧毁”。所以，据句意应选A项。13What about swimming in the Yangtze?在长江里游泳怎么样？What about.？“怎么样？”是询问消息，提供建议或征求意见的用语。后面可加动名词、名词和代词。精讲拓展：表示征求对方意见的表达方式How do you like/find.?What do you think of.?How about.?Why not do.?Why dont you do.?How do you feel about.?朗文在线：What about having a walk after the class?下课后走一走怎么样？What about him?他是什么观点？What about a cup of beer?来杯啤酒怎么样？活学巧练：How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden?Ato take BtakeCtaking Dto be taking答案与解析：Chow about表征求对方意见时，后边可加名词，动名词或代词，故为C项。14复习情态动词情态动词(modal verbs)表示说话人的语气或态度，无人称和数的变化，本身虽有一定的意义，但不能独立担当谓语，需与不带to的动词不定式(ought, have等除外)一起构成谓语。英语中的情态动词有：can(could)能，可能；may(might)许可，也许；must必须；have to不得不；shall (should)应当，要；will(would)愿意，要；need需要；dare敢。1can, could; may, might(1)can(现在式)，could(过去式)表示能力。(2)can(现在式)，could(过去式)表示潜在的可能性；may(现在式)，might(过去式)表示客观可能性。(3)can和could在口语中表示请求、允许；may和might在肯定句中表示允许，在疑问句中表示请求。could和might既可以是过去式，也可以用于现在或将来，表示委婉语气。may作“许可”用时的否定式为must not。(4)can和could在疑问句、否定句或感叹句中表示猜测、怀疑；may和might在肯定句中表示怀疑、猜测；表猜测时，could和might不表示过去，而表示更不肯定。现在时用“can(could, may, might)动词原形(状态动词)”或“can(could, may, might)be现在分词(动作动词)”；过去时用“can(could, may, might)have过去分词”。2must, ought to, should(1)must, ought to和should表示一种义务或责任，但must最强，为“必须”；ought to表示“按理应该”，比should语气强；should表示建议或劝告时表示“应该”。must着重主观看法，have to强调客观需要。must not为“不许”；表示“不必”要用neednt。在间接引语中，must可用于过去时。(2)must在肯定句中表示“猜测”，语气比may肯定得多。现在时为“must动词原形(状态动词)”或“mustbe现在分词(动作动词)”；过去时为“musthave过去分词”。(3)“should(或ought to)have过去分词”表示“(过去)本应该，实际却没有”，是对已发生的情况的“责备”、“惊奇”或“推测”。3shall, will, would(1)shall用在主语是第一和第三人称的疑问句中表示征求对方的允诺；will(或would)用在主语是第二人称的疑问句中，表示“请求”。(2)shall用主语是第二和第三人称的陈述句中表示允诺和警告；will用在主语是各种人称的陈述句中，表示“意愿”和“倾向”(用would时表示过去的意愿和倾向)。4need, dare(1)need和dare作情态动词时多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。I dare say是习语，意思为“我认为”。(2)“need动词原形”表示现在时间，过去时间用“had to动词原形”，将来时间用“will have to动词原形”；“dare动词原形”表示现在或将来时间，在间接引语中dare可表示过去时间。(3)neednt的肯定式为must。(4)“neednthave过去分词”表示“过去做了没有必要做的事情”。need和dare作实义动词需要接带to的不定式。 活学巧练：(1)(2007江苏扬州中学)John _ the meeting this morning. I saw him shopping with his girlfriend at the time.Acouldnt have attendedBmustnt have attendedCshouldnt have attendedDneednt have attended答案：A(2)(20062007学年度合肥工大附中高三第四次月考)Actually it was only a small house party, so we _ so formally.Aneednt dress upBdidnt need have dressed upCdont need dress upDneednt have dressed up答案：D (3)(武汉市2007届高三年级二月调研考试)If you _ require any further information, please do not hesitate to contact us.Ashould BwouldCcould Dmight答案：A(4)(2007定南中学高三三月月考)If you take good care of my computer, you _ keep it with you for a week.Awill BshallCmay Dshould答案：B(5)Thank you for giving me a hand.I_in the experiment without your valuable help.Ahave failed Bwill failCwould have failed Dmust have failed答案：C (6)(2008湖南联考)Could you tell me what happened last night?I cant go into detail now because it _ take too long.Awould BshouldCmight Dcould答案：A考 题 演 练1.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he _ it differently.A. could expressB. would expressC. could have expressedD. must have expressed答案与解析：C本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。如果是对现在的情况进行推测则用“情态动词动词原形”；如果是对过去的情况进行推测用“情态动词完成时”。情态动词不同，所表示的推测意义也不同，做题时要考虑仔细。句意：他并没有遗憾说了他所做的事情，但是他觉得他本来可以表达的有所不同。因为是对过去的情况进行的一种假定，所以用“情态动词完成时”这个形式来表示。2The traffic is heavy these days. I _ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?A. can B. mustC. need D. might 答案与解析：D本题考查情态动词表示“推测”的用法。解答此类题目正确把握语境是关键。本题句意应为：近来交通拥挤，我可能会到得晚一点，你能给我占个位子吗？表示不确定的推测用might。can表示“可能”，把握性比might大；must表示“肯定”，是非常接近于事实的推断；need表示“必要，需要”；三者均与句意不符。3What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There _ be twelve.A. should B. wouldC. will D. shall答案与解析：A本题考查情态动词，这是高考的一个重点也是难点。希望同学们在复习时牢记并熟练运用，分清它们之间的区别。句意：你什么意思？只有10张票吗？应该是12张。should表示可能性推测，意为“应该”，符合题意。would表过去将来；will表意愿；shall表示一种语气，均不合题意。4Have you _？No. I had the wrong number.A. got in B. got awayC. got off D. got through答案与解析：D本题考查动词短语的辨析。要加强对动词短语的记忆。根据下一句话可知此处应用D项，意为“打通电话”。A项意为“进入；收获”；B项意为“逃离”；C项意为“下车”。5Have you finished your first paper?_. Just half of it. How about you?A. Not at all B. Not likelyC. Not a bit D. Not yet答案与解析：D本题考查交际用语的用法。选择时一定要根据语境作判断。句意：你完成你的第一篇论文了吗？还没呢。才刚刚完成了一半。你呢？A项“一点也不”；B项“不可能”；C项为“一点也不”；D项为“还没有”。6David threatened _ his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.A. to be reported B. reportingC. to report D. having reported答案与解析：C考查非谓语的用法。threaten to do sth.威胁要做某事。因为该句是主动关系所以答案为C项。7The house still needed a lot of work, but _ the kitchen was finished.A. instead B. altogetherC. at once D. at least答案与解析：D本题考查短语at least的用法。句意：尽管这所房子仍然需要大量工作(才能建完)，但至少厨房已经竣工了。D项意为“至少”，根据句意知此项符合，A项意为“相反”；B项意为“总共”；C项意为“立刻，马上”。8To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can.A. speak B. speakingC. spoken D. to speak答案与解析：C本题考查非谓语动词的用法。特别要分清不定式、现在分词及过去分词的区别。此处考查“hear宾语do/ doing/ done”结构，因为English是“被说”，故用spoken作宾补，表示被动。Module 5A Trip Along the Three Gorges.根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空fertilenaturalvariedexploitneighborforbiddistancesurroundgoodtrade1Those ships are mainly for goods and people_along the river.答案：trading2Many countries go to high seas for the_of natural resources.答案：exploration3North Korea is a mountainous country_China.答案：neighbouring4Li Hua has_his vocabulary by wide reading in and out of class.答案：fertilized5The old temple is_by a great many small trees.答案：surrounded6After quarrelling with Peters parents, my parents _ me to see Peter.答案：forbid7It is of great importance for man to keep the balance of_.答案：nature8We all know that old people dont like to_their old habits.答案：vary9Her wealth and success have_her from her old friends.答案：distanced10_on the ship should be thrown into the water when it sinks down.答案：Goods.单项填空1(2007全国，27)Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted.AwillBwouldCshould Dmust答案与解析：C本题考查情态动词的区别。will可用来表示“意愿；客观必然性等”；would可表示“意愿；过去常常”(现在也可能是那样的)；should“应该，理应”；must“必然；一定，准是”。结合语境可知，此处用should表示虚拟，意为“这本来应该是美丽的，但是现在它被严重污染了。”2(2007北京卷，26)In crowded places lik