现在完成时-语法讲解.doc

语法：现在完成时1、现在完成时的定义：现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，但与现在情况有联系有影响，即用一个发生在过去的动作来说明现在的情况。2、现在完成时的谓语构成：助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词3、常用时间状语：（1）与包括“现在”在内的时间状语连用，如：by now（到现在为止） , so far（迄今为止） , these days（这些天来）, this year, this month, today, in the past few years（在过去的几年以来）等；e.g.We have planted many flowers this year. China has changed a lot in the past few years. I have learned two thousand words so far(by now). It has rained these days.(2)与副词连用，如：just, before, already,never,ever,yet,Recently，since, for等e.g. Have you ever watched Harry Potter? The new book have not arrived yet. Have you heard from him yet? They have already finished their homework. I have never seen an alien. He has just come. We have seen the movie before. My mother has worked here since 1949. I have taught English in this school for six years.4、用法：（1）表示过去发生的或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。“干了/干过某事” e.g. I have finished my work.She has read all these books.The man has lived in China.比较：I have seen the film.(我了解电影的内容) I saw the film last week.(只说明上周看过电影) He has lived here since 1972.（现在他还住在这里） He lived here in 1972.(不涉及现在是否住在这里) （2）表示从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。“干某事多长时间”for +段时间 since +时间点/一般过去时的句子(都用How long 提问) 配套练习P44 A例：We have learned English for three years.We have learned English since three years ago.How long have you learned English?They have known each other since they were young.How long have they known each other?练习：一。1. - You are leaving your schoo1. How do you like it? - Very much, of course. I _ this school since I moved here. A. came to B. have gone to C. have been at D. have been to 2. She ought to stop _, she has a headache because she _ too long. A. to work, was reading B. to work, has read C. working, has read D. working, read 3. - Why is your brothers English so good? - Because he _ New York for six years. A. has come to B. has been in C. has gone to D. has been to 4. - Wheres Sam? - He _ for France. A. had left B. has left C. left D. will leave 5. - Do you want to see the film Harry Potter II? - The film Harry Potter II? I _ it. Its really wonderful. A. see B. have seen C. was seeing D. had seen 6. - Will you watch the World Cup match this year? - No, but I _ several World Cup matches since 1 was a small child. A. had seen B. see C. was seeing D. have seen 7. - 1 want to return the book to Jack, but I cant find him. - He_ the library. You can find him there. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has left D. went to 8. Sam _ his homework yet, so he wont go out with his classmates. A. finishes B. hasnt finished C. has finished D. dont finish 9. - How long _ the film King Kong _ ? - For just several minutes. A. did, begin B. has, begun C. has, been on 10. The life we were used to _ greatly since 1992. A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed 11. - How long have you _ China? - For three years. A. come back B. returned C. left D. been away from 12. Since 2000, Nanchang has become a new city. Everything_ . A. is changed B. was changed C. has changed D. had changed 13. Some foreigners _ Kaili for years. They make some friends there. A. have been in B. have gone to C. have been to 14. - _ my dictionary? I cant find it anywhere. - I _ it on the shelf when I came in. A. Did you see; have seen B. Have you seen; saw C. Did you see; saw D. Have you seen; have seen , 15. - What are you going to do this weekend? - I _ yet. A. havent decided B. wont decide C. have decided D. didnt decide 16. - Why wont you go to the movie with me, Betty? - Because I _ it twice. A. see B. will see C. saw D. have seen 17. - How do you like the song Two Butterflies? - Great! I _ such a beautiful song before. A. dont hear B. never hear C. have never heard D. has never heard 18. - Hello, this is Lily speaking. Could I speak to Mr Black? - Sorry. He_ the Xuanwu Lake Park. A. has been to B. went to C. has gone to D. will go to 19. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He _ in China since 2002. A. stays B. stayed C. is staying D. has stayed 20. - Where is my little dog? - It_ the black of the house. A. has gone to B. had gone to C. has been to D. had been to二、用for 或since 填入下列句子：1.He has lived here _ six years.2.Our teacher has taught at this school _ 1972.3.We have lived in this street _ 1975.4.His daughter has been abroad _ a year and half.5.I have been awake _ six oclock.三、用所给动词的适当形式填空：1.I _ already _（have）my lunch,I _ (have) it at school.2.I _ (not hear) from John since he _ (have) two months ago.3.Father _（not buy）me a new bike yet. Father _ (not buy) me a new bike yesterday.4._ you ever _ (be) to the Great Wall?5.We _ (know) each other si