英语自考本科高级英语笔记-上册-Lesson Four.xls

Lesson FourPage 1 of 9 Lesson Four Die as You Choose Words and Expressions 1argue v 争吵 表示不同意Express disagreement Don t argue with me my decision is final arguable adj 可讨论的That can be argued about This question is still arguable argument n 意见不合 争论Disagreement quarrel The player had an argument with the referee 2atrocity n 暴行A act of atrocious cruelty atrocious adj 残暴的 凶恶的Shockingly brutal or cruel 3anonymous adj 无名的 匿名的Without a name or with a nane that is not made known an anonymous letter 4blameless adj 无可指责的 无过错的 Free of guilt not subject to blame 5claim v 声称 索要State or assert Demand or request Don t claim to know what you don t know Has anyone claimed this watch 6condemn v 责备 谴责Say sb or sth is wrong Lesson FourPage 2 of 9 We all condemn cruelty to children condemnation n 谴责Condemning or being condemned 7controversial adj 引起争议的Likely to cause controversy controversy n 长期的争论 论战Prolonged argument over social moral or political matters It has evoked much controversy 8culpable adj 应受处罚的 有罪的Deserving blame 9dodge v 闪避 躲避Move quickly to one side to avoid something I dodged behind a tree so that he should not see me dodge n 躲闪Quick movement to evade something He made a sudden dodge to the left 10 euthanasia n 安乐死Mercy killing 11 forbidding adj 禁止的Prohibited 12 gruesome adj 可怕的 可憎的Inspiring horror 13 intrude v 强加 侵入Enter without invitation I hope I am not intruding intrusion n 闯入 侵扰Intruding This is an intrusionupon other people s time intrusive adj 侵扰的Intruding It is intrusive to go into other people s privacy 14 involuntarily adv 非自愿的Against your will unwillingly 15 languishing adj 渐渐变弱的Fading Lesson FourPage 3 of 9 16 legalize vt 合法化Make legal legalization n 合法The act of legalizing legal adj 法律上的 合法的Connected with law 17 living will n 活遗嘱 要求个人在 日后伤病严重康复无 望是采用或不采用医 疗手段延续生命的书 面声明 A document written by someone still legally capable requesting that they should be allowed to die if subsequently severely disabled or suffering terminal illness 18 libertarian n 自由论者A person who stands for freedom in matters of thought religion 19 macabre adj 可怕的 恐怖的Gruesome 20 mercy killing n 安乐死Euthanasia 21 monstrosity n 怪事 怪物Something frightful 22 oath n 誓言 誓约 Swearword 23 omission n 疏忽A mistake resulting from neglect 24 pain killer n 止痛片A medicine used in to relieve pain 25 polemical adj 争论的 辩论的Of or involving dispute or controversy 26 police vt 管理Maintain the security of by carrying out a control 27 precedent n 先例 An example that is used to justify similar occurrences at a later time 28 proponent n 建议者 支持者A person who pleads for a cause or idea 29 rumble v 低沉地讲话 隆隆响Make a low noise as of thunder Lesson FourPage 4 of 9 30 squeamishness n 神经质A mild state of nausea 31 syringe n 注射器A medical instrument used to inject or withdraw fluids 32 taboo n 禁忌 A prejudice that prohibits the use or mention of something because of its sacred nature 33 tenacious adj 坚持的 顽强的Stubbornly unyielding 34 throe n 剧痛 临死的苦痛 Severe pain or suffering 35 uninterrupted adj 不间断的 持续的Having undisturbed continuity 36 usher v 引 领 Show someone to their seats as in theaters or auditoriums 37 withhold vt 制止Keep back prevent from happening something Text Explanation 1the medical establishment 医医疗疗机机构构 2almost never comes to light To come to light means to be known to the public 3can police it effectively Lesson FourPage 5 of 9 can keep the practice of euthanasia under control 能能有有效效地地管管理理安安乐乐死死 4death frobidding country a country that forbids euthanasia 5which is now going over the arguments which is now repeating the arguments Going over means examine the details of 6Let s get this over with Put an end to my suffering by helping me die 把把这这件件事事了了结结了了吧吧 让让我我死死吧吧 To get something over with 表示把把一一件件不不得得不不做做完完的的事事情情做做完完 7a debate that will rumble on ito the autumn a debate that will continue for a long time till autumn 8medical monstrosities Lesson FourPage 6 of 9 致致人人死死亡亡的的可可怕怕的的医医疗疗事事故故 9almost as a matter of macabre routine 几几乎乎是是个个可可怕怕的的常常规规 10 when the dying are too far gone to consent 要要死死的的人人已已处处于于垂垂死死昏昏迷迷状状态态 不不能能表表达达是是否否同同意意安安乐乐死死 too far gone 表示垂垂死死 11 with a syringe 用用注注射射器器注注射射致致命命的的药药剂剂 12 Just as there can be culpable omissions so too can there be blameless acts Just as sometims a person can be condemned for not doing something it is also not to blame him for something he has done 13 a man stands to gain from the death of a certain child a man is in a position to benefit from a child s death stand to gain be in a position where one is likely to win 14 only squeamishness demands a firm difference Lesson FourPage 7 of 9 The implied meaning is there is not a firm difference between passive and active euthanasia 15 Let the past be a guide The implied meaning is Even in ancient Greece doctors and thinkers had the courage to disagree with Hippocrates 希希波波克克拉拉底底 ban why can t we support euthanasia today 16 no man should put the clock back on another No man should shorten the natural life of another person 17 it is not clear why the religious objections of others should intrude on his death to intrude on means to get involved in a person s private affairs in an annoying and unwanted way 18 a legal framework for euthanasia a legal system for euthanasia 19 in a prescribled set of circumstances 在在规规定定的的情情况况下下 20 the Nazi medical atrocities refering to the use of human bodies for medical experiments Lesson FourPage 8 of 9 21 that have given euthanasia its worst name 使使安安乐乐死死声声名名狼狼藉藉 22 libertarian tradition A libertarian is someone who advocates that people should be free to do and think what they want to A libertarian tradition is one that favours this advocacy 23 The letter was probably written for polemical impact The purpose of the letter was to result in argument 24 the most extreme proponents of euthanasia those who support in favour of euthanasia to the extreme 25 that protects doctors from prosecution protect from means keep safe f