5、可数名词分为单数和复数.doc

可数名词分为单数和复数可数名词分为单数和复数名词单数就是该词本身，在其前面加a或an。 1）单数 如a desk（一张桌子） an old desk（一张旧书桌） 2）复数：要表示一个以上概念时，要用名词复数形式 规则变化 1）一般情况下加-s 如book-books（书）desk-desks（书桌） 2）以s ,x ,ch , sh结尾加-es 如box-boxes（盒子）bus-buses(公共汽车) 注意 以 th 结尾加-s, month-months stomach-stomachs 3)以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加- es。 如city-cities(城市) country-countries(国家) 注意以元音+y，直接加s。如：day-days(天)，boy-boys(男孩) 4)以f或fe结尾，复数变f或 fe 为v再加-es 如knife-knives(书) , half-halves(一半) (thief ,wife ,life ,shelf ,knife ,leaf ,self ,half ,wolf) 注意 有少数词后直接加s， 如roof-roofs (屋顶) 5)以o结尾 (1)辅音字母加o结尾名词的加-es 如tomato-tomatoes(西红杮) potato-potatoes(土豆) (2) 元音字母加o结尾名词的加-s 如piano-pianos (钢琴), zoo-zoos(动物园) photo-photos (照片), kangaroo-kangaroos(袋鼠) kilo-kilos(千克) 有生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时，词尾加es，凡无生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时，词尾加s。 有生命：potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes, hero-heroes, negro-negroes 如无生命：zoo-zoos, radio-radios, photo-photos, piano-pianos, zero-zeros, bamboo（竹竿）-bamboos, tobacco（烟丝）-tobaccos1）注意zero 两种方式都可：zero-zeros或 zeroes(零) 不规则变化 1) 元音字母发变化。 如man-men(男人) ， woman-women(妇女) tooth-teeth(牙齿) ， foot-feet(脚) mouse-mice(老鼠) ， policeman-policemen(警察) policewoman-policewomen(女警察) 2) 词尾发生变化。 如child-children(小孩) ， ox-oxen(公牛) 3) 单、复数形式相同。 如fish-fish(鱼) ，sheep-sheep(绵羊) ，deer-deer(鹿) ，chinese-chinese(中国人) ，yuan-yuan(元) ，jinn-jinn(斤) 注意 不说an english，要说an englishman. fish作鱼肉讲时不可数，没有复数。 fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指几条鱼。 4) 形似单数，实为复数意义。 如people(人，人们)these people (不说a people，可说a person) police(公安，警察)ten police (不说a police，可说a policeman) 5) 由man和woman构成的合成名词，变复数将名词及man或woman都变成复数。 如a man driver-men drivers(男司机) a woman doctor-women doctors (女医生) 6) 合成名词变为复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数。 如passer-by-passers-by(过路人) bus driver-bus drivers(汽车司机) 注意如果没有主体名词，就在最后一词上加-s。如： grown-up-grown-ups(成年人) letter-box-letter-boxes (信箱) 注意hair和fruit通常作单数，表示总体。表示若干根头发或若干种水果，则需用这两个词的复数形式。 如would you like some more fruit? 你要不要再吃点水果？ we bought a lot of fruit from the market. 我们从市场上买了许多水果， china has some good frits. 中国有一些好的水果。(指种类) she has a few white hairs. 她有几要白头发。 his black hair is going white. 他的黑发逐渐变成灰白色。 注意wind ,snow和rain这类词，有时也可以有复数形式，表示多次的风、雪或雨。 注意以boy 和girl开头的复合名词变成复数时，一般只把后一名词变成复数。 如 boy student-boy students(男学生) girlfriend-girlfriends(女朋友) 7) 有些名词只有作复数。 如scissors(剪刀) a pair of scissors(一把剪刀) trousers(裤子)shorts(短裤) jeans(工装裤) compasses(两脚规) scales(天平) sunglasses(太阳镜) surroundings(环境) savings(储蓄) writings(作品) 名词+man(woman)构成的复合名词，其复数形式通常与简单名词一样，即把man(woman)改成men(women)。 如englishman-englishmen(英国人) frenchwoman-frenchwomen(法国妇女) 注意german不是复合词，它的复数是germans。一、练习：写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ that_sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich_man_ woman_ paper_uice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、选出下列名词复数形式的正确拼写：1. child（ ） A. children B. childs 2. sheep（ ） A. sheeps B. sheep3. boy（ ） A. boys B. boies 4.watch（ ） A. watches B. watchs5. coat( ) A. coats B. coates 6. leaf（ ） A. leafs B. leaves7. German（ ）A. Germans B. Germen 8. mouth（ ） A. mouths B. mouthes9. woman doctor（ ） A. women doctors B. women doctor10. baby horse（ ） A. babies horses B. baby horses答案：1_2_3_4_5_6_7_8_9_10_三、写出下列名词的复数形式1. book _car _street_ day_2. bus_ box _ match _ class_3. city_ story_ family_ country_4. radio_photo _piano_ zero_5. knife_leaf_ life _ thief_6. man _ woman_ child_ foot_ 7. woman teacher _ apple tree _ policeman_ 四、 写出复数1. radio 2. knife 3. glass 4. shelf5. boss 6. dress 7. housewife 8.postman9. leaf 10. church 11. mouth 12. family13. tie 14. tomato 15. piano 16. baby17. tooth 18. country 19. key 20 potato21. match 22. box 23. hour 24. hero 25. Greman五、单项选择：1. The _ in our garden are very beautiful.A cloth B water C flowers D woman2. Jim is one of the American _ in our school.A boy B boys C boies D girls3. They are _.A woman doctorsB women doctorsC womans doctors4. A horse has four _, doesnt it?A footsB feetC feets5. There are two _ and three _ in the room.A American, JapaneseB Americans, Japanese C American, Janpaneses6. _ come from England. They speak EnglishA Englishman B Englishmans C Englishmen7. Can you see nine _ in the picture?A sheep B dog C pig D horse8. Twelve _ were hurt, but no _ were lost in that accident.A person; life B people; livesC peoples; livesD persons; life9. The _ has two_.A boys; watchesB boy; watchC boy; watches D boys; watch10. The _ are going to fly to Beijing.A GermanB GermanyC Germanys D Germans 11. The boy always brushes his _ before he goes to bed.A toothB toothsC teethD teeths12. The boy always stays there for_.A one and half hourB one and a half hourC one and half hours D one and a half hours13. My sons birthday is coming. I want to buy him a computer as a birthday _.A place B partyC poster D presents14. How many _ are there in a year?-Four.A weeksB monthsC seasonsD days15. Last night, there was a food accident. Ten _ were ill, but no _ were lost.A child; livesB children; lifeC children; livesD child; life16. Theyre going to have _ holiday next month.A a two weeks B two-weekC a two-weekD two-weeks17. There are few _ in the fridge. Lets go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages.A vegetablesB fruitC meatD eggs18. Look! There are some _ on the floor.A childB waterC boxesD girl19. Mr Huang is a _, he sells a lot of things in his supermarket.A driverB singerC police officerD businessman20. The Japanese _ will not leave China until she finished her study.A womanB womenC manD men21. Lucy will show us some new _ of hers.A photoB photosC photoes22. Where is Tom? Hes left a _saying that he has something important to do.A excuseB sentenceC newsD message23. Mr Gao is a teacher. He works in a new_.A shopB schoolC factoryD hospital24. If you want to know the meaning of a word, you can look it up in a _.A diaryB dictionaryC newspaperD diagram25. He usually has his _ at noon.A thingsB riceC mealD food26. I usually go to a _ to borrow some books.A shop B cinemaC hospitalD library27. Uncle Wang bought two _ yesterday.A watchs B watchesC watchD watches28. There are a lot of _ down there but hardly any _.A sheeps; peopleB sheep; peopleC sheeps; peoplesD sheep; peoples29. There is a _ over the river.A shipB bridgeC boatD village30. There are lots of _ in the basket on the table.A tomatosB tomatoC tomatossD tomatoes31. Whose _ are these?A photoB photosC photosD photoss32. The cat caught two _ last night.A mousseB miceC mouseD mices33. Jack went to have two _ pulled out yesterday afternoon.A toothsB toothC teethD toothes34. The leaning tower is about 18 _high.A feetB footsC footsD feets35. There are six_ and fifteen _ in this workshop.A mans; womansB men; womenC men; womenD mans; women36. In our school there are fify-five_.A women teachers B woman teachers C women teacher D womans teacher37. The old woman keeps four_.A piggsB pigesC pigsD pig38. There are seven _ in a week.A dayesB daysC dayiesD day39. Grade Three is divided into seven _ in our school.A classB classesC classsD class40. How many _ are there in the room?A boxesB boxC boxesD boxxes41. We like eating _ and _.A tomatos; appleB tomatoes; appleC tomatoes; apple D tomatos; apples42. Our school is only _ walk from here.A five minuteB five minutesC five minutesD five minutes43. -How many _ are there in a year?- Twelve.A weeksB monthsC seasonsD days44. The farmer lost a few _ on the hill.A cowB horseC pigD sheep45. Its a long _ to Paris. Its two thousand kilometers.A streetB roadC wayD walk46. Peter is an American student. I got to know him through an English newspaper. We are _.A workerB sisterC pen friendsD Chinese47. In the library when Lin Mei and Lily saw the _ “No Talking!”, they stopped talking.A radioB soundC speakingD instruction48. Two _ and three _ are staying at our hotel now.A Englishman; GermansB English; GermanC Englishmans; GernamsD Englishmen; Germans六、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空：49. There are two _ on the table. ( tomato)50. There are three_ in my home town. ( factory)51. The doctor has saved many peoples _. ( life)52. Shanghai is one of the biggest _ in the world. ( city)53. I saw three _ on the desk. (photo)54. How many _ does Mrs Green have? ( dress)55. There were several _ at the meeting. ( German)56. I can see some _ in the basket. ( potato)57. They are policemen. _are afraid of them. ( thief)58. Are there any _ near here? ( library)59. There are hundreds of _ on the hill. ( sheep )60. How many _ do you have? ( knife)61. There are many _over there. ( factory)62. The _ enjoyed themselves at the party. (child)63. He has gone to the _ office. (teachers)64. How many_ of water do you want? (glass)65. A dog has four _(foot).66. We can get wool and mutton from_(sheep).67. Two _ will visit our school. (German)68. Youd better take the medicine, three_a day, after meals. ( time)69. We have three _, one is old, the other two are new. ( piano)70. There are about twenty _ in the zoo. ( monkey)71. How many _ are there in your school? ( class)72. Mr Brown has two _, a son and a daughter. ( child)73. The guests come from different _( country )74. _ fall in autumn. ( leaf )75. Shanghai is one of the biggest _ in the world. ( city) 76. Some _ ( moon cake ) have _( nut ) in them and some _( egg ) in them.77. Two _ ( Australian), three _( Frenchman) and five _ ( Japanese) will come to visit our school.78. You should brush your_ after a meal. (tooth)79. Eating _ is good for our health. (tomato)七、从方框中并用其适当形式填空：candle, child, minute, month, factory, tree, T-shirt, key, policeman, wisha) _ must be planted in spring.b) The _ in that shop are quite good and arent very expensive.c) There were no _, schools, hospitals in may home town fifty years ago.d) _are used for cooking doors.e) Here are some flowers for you, with our best_.f) Toms father and uncle are both _.g) Kate needs two more _ of her birthday cake.h) June the first is _ Day.i) The post office isnt far. It takes a few _ to walk there.j) There are twelve _ in a year. farm Sunday leaf kind house child time plant bus hourMy parents often take me to my uncles_1_ on _2_. The farm isnt far from my house. Its only one _3_walk by _4_.The _5_there are very friendly to me. So I like going there very much. I can not only play with them, but also learn a lot from them. Besides this, there are also may different _6_of animals on that farm. My uncle owns a very big_7_with three floors. All around it, you can see many _8_. When autumn comes, the _9_of the plants turn yellow, the whole farm seems to be a golden garden. Nice! Its really very nice, please come and have a look at it at that _10_, OK?八、找出下面每个英文句子中的一个错误，并改正。k) There are hundred of sheep on the hills. _A B C Dl) Lucy and Lily is in Class Two. _A B C Dm) Those are their knife. _ A B C Dn) The childs were in Grade Two. _ A B C Do) What color is your trousers? _ A B C Dp) The womans are working in the field. _ A B C Dq) There are three baby in the beds. _ A B C Dr) What grade are the boies in? _ A B C Ds) How many people is there in your family? _A B C Dt) Are those your fruits? Yes, those are. _A B C Du) Ar