水溶性有机盐加重剂高密度水溶液高温流变性实验研究.doc

水溶性有机盐加重剂高密度水溶液高温流变性实验研究摘要 水溶性加重剂高密度水溶液作为一种性能良好的钻、完井液基液，现今已被广泛应用于深井、超深井、以及某些复杂地层的钻井和完井作业。因此研究其在高温环境下的流变性与温度和密度的关系，有利于室内研究和现场应用。室内测定了Weigh2的不同高密度水溶液在5个高温点的流变性，并与其常温流变性作了对比，得出了含温度和密度因子的Weigh2高密度水溶液的本构方程。关键词 有机盐；水溶液；高温；流变性水溶性有机盐加重剂Weigh2的水溶液以其具有抑制性强、润滑性好、腐蚀性极低、流变性优良等特点，已经被广泛应用于现今的钻、完井作业中，随着Weigh2应用的不断扩大，对其水溶液特性的研究也在不断深入，但在流变性的研究方面，目前还仅局限于常温，这已经不能满足现场的需要，比如深井、超深井、以及某些异常高温地层，因此研究Weigh2水溶液的高温流变性有利于室内认识和现场的应用。室内研究测定Weigh2水溶液高温流变性主要是测定其在高温下的切力、以及所测剪切速率下的剪切应力，由此分析出其流变模式，并根据该流变模式下的塑性粘度与温度和密度的关系，得出其含有温度和密度因子的本构方程。本实验利用RS-150高温流变仪，分别测定了不同高密度下的Weigh2水溶液在65、80、95、110、125的流变性，同时为了与其水溶液的常温流变性进行对比，也测定了25下Weigh2水溶液的流变性。测定方法如下：配制质量体积分数即加量为60%的Weigh2水溶液240 mL；用14支组密度计测定该水溶液在室温下的密度，并做好记录；按照RS-150高温流变仪的操作方法，设定剪切速率测定范围为5.11000 s-1，剪切速率测定的对数步长相等，共测17个剪切速率点，分别测定Weigh2水溶液温度依次为25、65、80、95、110、125时，该17个剪切速率所对应的剪切应力，高温流变仪利用数据传输系统自动在电脑里做好数据记录。重复测量步骤，依次测定加量为65%、75%、80%、90%的Weigh2水溶液的高温流变性。记录数据见表1表6。表1 所测加量对应的Weigh2水溶液密度加量（f）水溶液密度（g/cm3）60%1.24965%1.26075%1.28680%1.29590%1.318从表1可以看出Weigh2水溶液的密度随着加量的增大而增大。表2 密度为1.249 g/cm3的Weigh2水溶液各种温度下的流变数据25658095110125/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa5.2530.4925.2621.2285.2690.6365.2270.9225.2880.9615.3591.4166.5560.4916.5930.6986.5530.6496.4870.6186.5220.8296.6641.2328.1580.4728.1810.6048.2250.6268.1250.9718.111.4748.2531.15210.350.59710.340.60410.480.56510.380.53510.51.1610.530.63213.270.54913.350.59613.380.58113.340.5413.281.113.471.22117.30.65217.470.61517.440.55317.430.51617.380.82817.460.80422.960.67722.950.68123.160.65622.960.57823.040.85323.240.90730.670.72330.790.71431.030.61830.710.60530.890.66831.011.0140.850.78241.840.66942.230.70541.910.88242.321.0342.480.69758.560.93258.070.89858.370.81658.130.89758.280.71958.880.9481.751.04382.320.98682.220.94582.090.98882.460.96783.31.005117.51.406117.41.286118.51.091116.91.154117.81.096119.21.167172.71.75172.91.459173.71.288171.41.41172.71.631173.61.416257.52.459259.61.935257.92.059256.41.973259.62.035260.71.935392.63.531396.33.115396.13.043393.92.701397.42.86398.62.921612.95.878617.14.886615.95.023614.74.828620.74.063622.34.636984.210.799898.249838.078981.28.121984.67.7986.58.359表3 密度为1.260 g/cm3的Weigh2水溶液各种温度下的流变数据25658095110125/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa4.8390.3874.7510.4344.8550.414.8630.4264.8380.44.8630.3656.4880.2736.4030.3736.480.3936.4910.46.4380.3476.4550.3288.8820.4398.810.3888.8250.4488.8730.5158.7730.5848.8090.59912.250.47711.50.55212.240.45612.260.47612.20.44912.220.42917.250.49916.650.5117.220.39217.310.56717.140.63517.270.64224.720.54323.890.38924.660.38924.830.67524.730.67124.980.66436.220.62433.11.51935.930.59636.410.57536.090.51835.90.4953.750.7353.730.73254.320.59254.040.56453.940.52154.110.84982.351.00478.241.34283.620.86782.420.85482.40.7882.090.77128.71.333126.20.77128.71.126129.11.0651280.915128.70.981205.71.996202.71.72205.31.543207.31.439204.91.487206.31.386336.43.164325.21.622335.72.617339.12.5493352.548336.22.404567.25.0865604.862568.34.436570.94.144567.54.227566.24.388983.810.52954.25.997985.28.491987.97.283980.67.664982.78.013表4 密度为1.286 g/cm3的Weigh2水溶液各种温度下的流变数据25658095110125/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa5.2950.2855.3230.495.2630.4885.230.7825.3380.5575.2920.4036.5480.346.5340.466.5610.4746.5060.556.6020.3916.520.5168.2050.478.2420.3938.1620.2988.1660.3578.2350.2818.1930.60510.360.36610.350.46810.380.39510.350.46510.480.56910.40.4113.340.5313.360.47413.380.43413.280.48513.540.39513.350.54717.360.39417.340.53917.440.48917.460.48617.440.60617.460.40122.980.51822.990.51822.940.44223.110.48223.140.61923.070.49330.830.50130.760.65630.80.59130.70.5731.030.73830.930.44542.290.73242.30.6542.020.48241.70.4542.230.64142.190.68858.320.87457.890.8257.990.77358.130.77258.440.77158.230.63882.221.05981.990.89381.60.66981.540.68282.570.95381.70.823117.71.4221181.26117.41.143116.91.043118.30.975114.11.587172.31.993172.41.473174.51.266172.31.141173.61.274172.91.41258.42.597257.52.1242581.839257.31.92259.71.893258.41.704396.23.845393.43.153962.879393.62.768398.72.853394.32.671616.25.8617.25.07618.64.822613.24.78620.34.596174.44898711.19982.19.1149858.506982.77.972983.87.499936.978表5 密度为1.295 g/cm3的Weigh2水溶液各种温度下的流变数据25658095110125/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa5.2710.3845.2830.4035.3550.4555.290.395.1440.4055.270.4156.5450.4176.5290.2716.6290.3976.4890.4566.2240.4276.5350.4168.1770.4238.1380.4148.2740.4168.220.4378.0270.4168.1540.45910.390.32410.390.40410.50.4610.390.42710.860.42710.340.44613.410.54313.260.43213.460.4813.370.48112.860.45413.340.4417.520.44717.370.44617.620.47817.350.448190.46217.260.47923.120.43122.940.49323.310.50122.960.52623.010.47622.920.50730.770.63730.880.50331.130.58430.680.51830.20.49230.820.5542.290.6141.880.80342.70.64341.950.68940.120.54942.050.57958.290.94858.230.66557.71.06257.730.6656.180.59957.870.65982.421.03381.790.86882.770.84782.460.8286.910.77381.810.748118.51.428117.61.063119.11.108117.51.01117.30.927116.80.934173.52.006171.71.447175.31.443172.61.353168.71.272172.31.23260.62.83256.62.0732612.022257.92.004256.31.858256.71.807394.23.825393.43.211401.13.061393.42.9473903.065392.72.884615.96.3614.55.565623.45.27615.74.916619.64.673611.94.458985.211.34991.69.033988.18.492980.77.659647.258977.36.937表6 密度为1.318 g/cm3的Weigh2水溶液各种温度下的流变数据25658095110125/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa/s-1/Pa5.290.4855.2460.7535.2720.4255.3260.5524.6510.4585.3140.5666.550.3846.5640.4786.5190.4856.5760.4485.6840.5526.5230.548.2030.4378.2320.4378.1520.668.2250.4317.060.5288.2040.56610.420.60710.390.53810.440.47110.410.5838.8930.48910.50.49213.340.5113.380.53413.350.50513.370.4611.240.48113.390.517.450.65717.330.67517.380.48617.310.6214.480.53517.510.50923.110.79822.870.54922.960.70422.960.62618.760.57622.640.69530.890.78530.730.77931.010.57130.820.68224.830.55830.910.50842.250.9341.820.66441.940.76541.950.66733.180.67641.560.68358.281.11358.410.91358.50.7358.350.75945.60.7458.170.98982.291.32281.710.91382.380.95982.180.97663.070.7580.191.2911191.622117.31.264118.11.115117.61.10488.520.867119.91.09172.82.229171.61.537172.51.457173.21.449127.41.098174.20.935258.63.002258.42.157260.12.113259.21.855185.91.405261.62.133395.44.478392.13.484393.93.085394.22.925279.11.963843.315618.86.825619.35.801615.75.373614.85.115431.23.171621.53.468983.212.24985.410.45987.99.034986.38.696664.876993.56.284从表2表6中剪切速率与剪切应力的有关数据可以看出，无论是在常温还是高温下，Weigh2水溶液的剪切应力随着剪切速率的增大而增大。实验数据处理1.Weigh2水溶液的切力与密度、温度的关系取剪切速率为5.1 s-1时Weigh2水溶液的剪切应力为其静切力，实际处理数据时选取剪切速率最接近的剪切应力为Weigh2水溶液的静切力，则得到Weigh2水溶液的静切力数据见表7，其变化趋势见图1。表7 不同密度和温度下Weigh2水溶液的静切力（Pa）密度（g/cm）温度（）1.2491.261.2861.2951.318250.4920.3870.2850.3840.485651.2280.4340.490.4030.753800.6360.410.4880.4550.425950.9220.4260.7820.390.5521100.9610.4990.5570.4050.5521251.4160.5240.4030.4150.566图1 不同密度下Weigh2水溶液的静切力随温度的变化从图1可以看出，Weigh2水溶液在高温下也存在着一定的切力，切力随温度和密度的相关性不明显，但变化范围在0.21.4 Pa，说明了Weigh2水溶液的切力较小，从而为现场使用提切剂提供了一个参考。2. Weigh2水溶液的流变模式将表2表6中数据进行处理，对剪切应力与剪切速率（5.1 s-1）之间的关系进行线性拟合，其相关系数较高，均在0.9以上，见表7。同时线性拟合后表征动切力的截距0都很小，大致在0.20.7 Pa之间，由此可见Weigh2水溶液为塑性流体，其高温和常温下的流变模式均符合宾汉模式。表7 不同密度与温度下Weigh2水溶液的流变数据线性拟合后的相关数据温度/密度/g/cm256580951101251.2490/Pa0.30030.47270.3830.43860.69010.6683p/mPas9.97.47.57.36.47R20.98580.98190.99070.97890.95280.94961.2600/Pa0.18740.46810.2070.31980.27350.2638p/mPas9.96.186.97.37.5R20.98860.92590.99180.99480.9910.9871.2860/Pa0.1980.27050.20540.26970.33160.3637p/mPas10.48.47.97.576.5R20.98740.98850.98580.98510.99160.98921.2950/Pa0.20460.20970.28080.28440.23950.2953p/mPas10.78.687.476.7R20.99170.99340.99160.99610.99270.99651.3180/Pa0.34070.27310.29350.30140.3920.491p/mPas11.59.68.486.55.7R20.99250.98250.9890.9860.99140.96763. 塑性粘度与温度、密度的关系图2 不同密度下Weigh2水溶液的塑性粘度受温度的变化Weigh2水溶液的流变数据线性拟合后，将表征塑性粘度的斜率p，附于表7，其塑性粘度与密度、温度的关系见图2。从图2可以看出， Weigh2水溶液的塑性粘度随着温度的升高而降低，但降低得越来越慢；随着密度的增大而升高，但升高得很缓慢，这可能与Weigh2水溶液的密度升高有助于该加重剂中有机链的链接而温度升高则趋向于破坏这种链接有关；另外，即使是高密度的W