应用型大学英语综合教程1教案

应用型大学英语综合教程1教案 1应用型大学英语综合教程1教案Unit OneBefore teachingObjectives of this unit1.Content1)Dont letanyone stealyour dreams:Persevering（persevere in,at,with坚持，不屈不饶）in your heart withyour own dreams of life.2)Discussion:Our dreamsof lifeand theway to realize them.3)A dialogue:About ones expectations.4)A welespeech forfreshmen.2.Key languagepoints1)The modalverb will in theconditional clause.2)Hyphenated（用连字号连接的）words aspre-modifiers.3)Particles（小品词，如yes,no；虚词；不变词，如冠词、介词、连接词等；词缀，如un-，-ness）in phrasal verbs.4)The simplesentence structure.3.Vocabulary Basicrequirements:65new words.Intermediate requirements:7new words.Advanced requirements:4new words.4.Comprehensive skills1)Understanding of a passage of560words at the pre-intermediate（intermediate中间的，居间的）level of difficulty.2)Writing a150-word summaryof apassageof about600words at the pre-intermediate levelofdifficulty.3)Exchanging expectations about thenew semesterwith classmates.4)Inter skills:Surfing theInter to collect informationabout Harvard University.5)Research project:Giving aspeech introducinga studentorganization.5.Functions1)Insisting onones goalof life.2)Socializing duringthe freshmanorientation week.3)Persuading fellowstudents intojoining studentsorganizations.2Part1Language SkillsDevelopment,p.1141.Starter A.Read thelyrics（抒情诗）ofa song.Listen to the tapeor theCD andsing inchorus.P.2B.Listen to a shortpassage entitledMy Dreamand answerthe followingquestions.P.31.What wasMartin LutherKings dream?Martin LutherKings dream was to have justice for all people.2.What wasLincolns dream？Lincolns dreamwas to set the slaves free.3.What is the speakers dream?The speakers dreamwas to help those people who need help.Tapescript:My DreamDreams arethe windfor oursails on the ocean.Dreams kindlea flameto illuminateour darkroads.Dreams protectour hearts.Martin LutherKing hada dreamit was to havejusticefor allpeople.Lincoln hada dreamit wasto settheslavesfree.They soughttheir dreams and finallymade theme true.I have a dream,which is to helpthosepeople whoneedhelp.There aretoo manywars anddisasters.About16,000people havedied in the IraqWar andone childdies everyeight secondsin Africabecause ofstarvation.I havedreams,you havedreamsand they havedreams too.We shouldhelp them.We shouldsave theirlives sothey canpursue theirowndreams.As thelyric ofasonggoes,We arethe oneswho makea brighterday,so lets startgiving.Well,thats my dream,a simplebut meaningfuldream.2.Text:Dont LetAnyone StealYour Dreams不要让别人偷走你的梦想1.我有个朋友叫蒙蒂罗伯兹，他在圣伊斯德罗有个牧马场。 他把住宅借给我举办募捐活动，为问题青少年项目筹备基金。 2.上次我在那里时，他介绍我时这样说“知道我为什么让杰克借用我的房子吗？”这要从一个男孩的故事说起。 男孩的父亲是位巡回驯马师，经常在不同的马厩、赛马场、农场和牧场之间来回奔波。 因此，男孩的中学学业经常中断。 读毕业班时，有一天老师让写一篇文章，讲述长大之后的理想。 3.那晚他写了七张纸，描述他的梦想，那就是拥有一个属于自己的牧马场。 他很详细地描写了他的梦想，甚至画了一张占地200英亩的马场的设计图，上面标有所有建筑物、马厩、跑道等的位置。 在这个200英亩的梦想农场中他要建一个4,000平方英尺的房子，并且画了一个详细的平面图。 4.他花了好大心血把文章写完，第二天交给了老师。 两天后他拿回了文章。 见文章的第一页上打了一个又红又大的F，旁边还写了一行字“下课后来见我。 5.这个满怀梦想的男孩下课后去见了老师，问道“您为什么给我不及格？”6.老师说“对你这样的一个男孩来说，这个梦想是不现实的。 你没有钱。 你一个巡回驯马师的家庭，你没有背景。 拥有一个牧马场需要大量的钱，你要买地，一开始得买繁殖用的马群，以后还得付高额的配种费。 你不可能做到这些。 然后老师又加了一句，“如果你愿意重新写一篇目标比较现实的作文，我会重新考虑你的分数。 7.男孩回到家后，冥思苦想了很长时间。 他问他的父亲应该怎么做。 父亲说“听着，儿子，你要自己拿主意。 但这对你来说是个非常重要的决定。 8.男孩想了整整一个礼拜，最后又把原稿一字未改地交给了老师。 他告诉老师说“您可以保留这个F，但我将保留我的梦想。 39.说道这里，蒙蒂转向众人，说道“我之所以告诉你们这个故事，是因为你们现在就坐在这个占地200英亩的牧马场中的4,000平方英尺的房子里。 那篇作文我一直保留到现在，它就镶在壁炉上方。 他接着又说道“下面是这个故事最为精彩的部分两年前这位老师带领30个孩子到我的牧场来野营一周。 走到时候，这位老师对我说蒙蒂，现在我可以告诉你，当我是你的老师的时候，我可以说是专偷别人梦想的小偷。 那些年我偷走了不少孩子的梦想。 幸运的是，你有足够的冲劲，没有放弃你的梦想。 ”10.千万别让任何人偷走你的梦想。 无论发生什么，你都要坚持自己的梦想。 Structure:Introduction:Para.1:Introduction to the heroof the story:Monty Roberts,who ownsa horse ranch;Body:Paras.29:Monty hada dreamof owninga horseranch,even when he was a seniorin high school.Paras.23:Monty wrotea paperto expresshis dream.Paras.46:The teacherfailed himand requiredhim to rewrite the paper.Paras.79:Monty perseveredin his dream untilhe realizedit.Conclusion:Para.10:Dont letanyone stealyour dreams.Follow yourheart,no matter what.Info（=information）Box:1.Jack CanfieldAffectionately（充满深情地，出于柔情地，亲切地）known asAmericas SuessCoach,Jack studiedand reportedon whatmakes suessfulpeople different.He knowswhat motivates（促动，激发）them,what drivesthem,what inspiresthem.He bringsthis criticalinsight tocountless audiencesinternationallysharing hissuess strategiesin themedia,with panies,universities andprofessional associationsin over20countries around the world.Jack is a Harvardgraduate with a Masters Degreein PsychologicalEducation andone of the earliestchampions ofpeak-performance（peak最高点，高峰，顶端；performance成绩，功绩；peak-performance最成功的地方）,developing thespecific methodology（方法论，方法学，某一学科的一套方法）and result-oriented activitiestohelppeople takeon greaterchallenges andproduce breakthroughresults.Hes personallytaught millions of individualshis uniqueand modernizedformulas（formula，pl.,formulas或formulae，公式，程式；处方，配方）for suessand haspackaged themin his latest bookThe SuessPrinciples:How toGet fromWhere YouAre toWhere YouWant toBe.This newself-improvement standardcontains64powerful principlesof suessutilized bytop achievers（事业成功的人）from all walks oflife（allwalksoflife各行各业，各界人士）and allareas ofmerce.The SuessPrinciplesand theentire empireofPrinciplesbooks,products,coaching programs and branched（分支，分叉，分门）retail merchandiseis Mr.Canfields nextoffering tothe more than100million readershe currentlyreaches worldwide.Mr.Canfields otherbest-selling booksThe Powerof Focus.The Powerof Focus,The AladdinFactor and Dare toWinhave generatedmillionsofbookstore and Inter sales,and havelaunched plementary（补足的，补充的，互补的）products such as audioprograms,video programs,corporate trainingprogramsandsyndicated（syndicate，n.辛迪加，企业联合组织；syndicate，v.把?组成辛迪加，使处于联合管理之下）columns toenthusiastic corporatebuyers.His audioprogram,Maximum Confidence,has soldmorethan350,000copies through4Nightingale-Conant alone.2.Academic gradingin the United StatesThe most monly used index（索引；指标，标准，标志；指数；食指）in theU.Scational systemuses fiveletter grades.Historically,the gradeswere A,B,C,D,and FA beingthe highestand Fdenoting（denote指示，表示，意味着）failure,the lowest.In themid-twentieth century,many Americaneducational institutionsespecially in the Midwest(particularly thestate ofMichigan)began to use theletters A,B,C,D,and E.The onlydifference hereis thatfailure isdenoted byE instead of F,which is not usedby theseschools.By parison,the gradeE issometimes used in Canadaasaconditional failinggrade.No gradesawarded（授予，判给，给予）on Americanquality indices（index n.pl.indexes orindices?indisi:z指数）are conditional,except specialgrades likeI（inplete）and Y（the courseon non-traditional calendar,assigned tothe regularterm inwhich thestudent enrolls（报名，登记，注册）in thecourse）.The AF(AE)quality indexis typicallyquantified（确定或表示?的数量，用数量表示）by correlationto afive-point numerical（数的，示数的；数字）scale as follows:A=4.0B=3.0C=2.0D=1.0F=0.0Chromatic（色彩的；半音的）variants（不同的，变异的，差别的；变体，异体）,represented by+andmonly used.They aremostmonlyquantified asx.3and y.7,e.g.,B=3.0,so B+=3.3and B=2.7.A fewinstitutions useonly asingle mid-point betweenthe majorpoints on the scale;that is,they regardan Aas effectivelythe samegrade asB+.in thosecases,an ABreplaces theoptions ofAand B+and isquantified as3.5;a BCreplaces Band C+,with avalue of2.5;and aCD replacesCandD+,worth1.5.this approachis unusualand ismost notably（显著地，著名地）typified（作为?的典型，代表；象征）by institutionsin thestate ofWisconsin.The gradeA+is novelty（新颖，新奇）in Americancondition.The minorityof institutionsthat useit mayquantify thegrade as4.3or4.5,but manyof themquantify A+as4.0onthetheory thata4.0scale cannotgo higherthan4.0.By convention（惯例，常规）,quantitative scalesare calledby thehighest whosenumber,so thereisat least,conventionallyno suchscale based on4.3or4.5,but itis stilla4.0or4-point scalebecause thefraction isignored innaming thescale.Dis alsorarely found,under theassumption thatanything lessthan Dis bydefinition failure.American high schools anduniversities sometimesweigh theirGPAs（平均积分点）.3.GPA（Grade PointAverage（学生各科成绩的）平均积分点）Grade PointAverage（GPA）is a number thatrepresents theaverage ofstudents gradesduring hisor hertime atan institution.Usually itis weighedby thenumber ofcredits givenfor thecourse.Most highschools andnearly allcolleges in theUnited States use a four-point system.Universities inHong Kongand Canada,as wellas someschools inSingapore alsouse thissystem.Numerical（a.数的，示数的；n.数字）values（Numerical values数值）are appliedto gradesasfollows:A=4B=3C=25D=1F=0F/G(if given)=1This allows grades to be easilyaveraged.Additionally,many schoolsadd0.3for a+and subtract0.3for agrade.Thus,a B+yields a3.3whereas an Ayields3.7.A+s,if given,are usuallyassigned avalue of4.0(equivalent to anA)due tothe monassumption thata4.0isthebest possiblegrade-point average,although4.3is awardedat someinstitutions.In someplaces,0.25or0.33insteadof0.3is addedfor a+grade andsubtracted for agrade.4.Weighted GPASome highschools,to reflectthe varyingskill requiredfor differentlevel coursesand todiscourage studentsfrom selectingeasy.As,will givehigher numerical（数字的，用数字表示的；数值的）grades fordifficult courses,often referredto asa weightedGPA.For example,two monconversion systemsusedinhonors and advanced placementcourses are:A=5or4.6B=4or3.5C=3or2.1D=1F=0Another policymonly usedby4.0-scale schoolsistomimic（模仿，模拟；细致地临摹；酷似）the eleven-point weightingscale byadding a0.33（one thirdofa letter grade）to an honors oradvanced placementclass.(For example,a Bin aregular classwould bea3.0,but in anhonorsor APclass itwould beea B+,or3.33.)Sometimes a5-based weightingscale is used for AP coursesand a4.6-based scalefor honorscourses,but oftena schoolwill chooseone systemand applyit universallyto alladvanced courses.A smallnumber ofhighschoolsusea5-point scalefor honorscourses,a6-point scaleforAPcourses,and a3-point scalefor coursesof belowaverage difficulty.Language Points1.Para.1,lines12:He haslet meuse hishouse to put onfund-raising eventsto raise money foryouth at risk programs.他把住宅借给我举办募捐活动，为问题青少年项目筹备基金。 Meaning:He hasallowed meto collectfunds tofinance socialservices forthose youngpeople whoare indanger ofgoing astray（astray ad.迷路，入歧途，离开正道，犯错误；go astray走入迷路，走入歧途）/being juvenile（juvenile adj.青少年的；n.青少年）delinquents(n.违法者特指少年犯罪者)（juvenile delinquents青少年犯罪分子）.put on:1)to produceor present(an exhibition,a play,etc.)举办（展览等）；演出（戏剧等）e.g.The gallerywill put on anexhibition of hislatestworks thisweekend.本周末画廊将举办一场它近期的作品。 The localdrama groupare puttingon Macbethat thePlayhouse.当地剧团正在普赖豪斯剧院演出麦克佩斯。 2)to clotheoneself with穿上，戴上e.g.Please puton yourovercoat whenyou go to work.你去上班时穿上大衣。 The firesuddenly brokeout.She didnot havethe timeto putsocks on.火起得很突然，她没有来得及穿上袜子。 63)to pretendto havea particularfeeling,quality,way ofspeaking,etc.假装，伪装e.g.She usedtoputon anEnglish aount.她以前曾假装英国口音。 fund-raisinga.relating toan organizedactivity oran instanceof raisingmoney fora causeor project筹募基金活动的e.g.A charitywalk isa fund-raising event.慈善步行是个募集基金的活动。 The fund-raising campaignwas kickedoff bya millionaire.一位百万富翁发起了这场捐款活动。 Note thatfun-raising isa hyphenatedword,but thehyphen in this wordis omissible,hence itcan bewritten asfundraising.Such hyphenatedexpressions areabundant in the Englishlanguage.If youtake aquick lookatthe text,you will e acrossother suchexpressions:a200-acre dreamranch（200英亩的梦想农场），4,000-square-foot house（4,000平方英尺的房子），etc.Also notethat raisehere meansgather together,collect(money)募集raise money集资；筹款e.g.The filmstar lenthis nameto effortsto raisemoney tohelp theflood victims.这位电影明星表示愿意为募捐活动出力，以帮助洪涝灾民。 We areworking inassociation with anumberof localpanies to raisemoneyfor thehomeless.我们与一些本地公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。 The followingare someof themon meaningsof theverb raise:1to movetoahigher position;elevate抬起，举起；提高raise theloads with a crane用起重机把货物吊起来2tosetinanupright orerect position立起来，把?置于竖直或垂直的位置raise yourhead high抬起你的头3to erector build建造，建立或建设raise anew building建造一幢新楼房4to grow,plant种植，栽培raise cornand soybeans种植玉米和大豆5to breedand carefor tomaturity饲养，繁殖并照顾到成熟raise cattle饲养家畜6to bringup;rear抚养；养育raise children抚养孩子youth atrisk programsyouth atriskrefers tothose youngpeoplewhoare notproperly lookedafter oreducated andhaveatendency tomit wrongdoingssuch as being addictedto alcohol,drugs,and soon.The wordprogram heremeansa systemof services,opportunities,or projects,usually designedto meeta socialneed（包含各种服务、机会或项目的制度，通常为迎合某一社会需求而制定）e.g.Working parentsrely onthe centers after-school latchkeyprogram.工作的父母都依赖这个中心在放学后帮他们照管孩子。 at riskina situationwhere somethingunpleasant ordangerous mighthappen有危险，有风险e.g.If wego towar,innocent liveswill beput atrisk.如果我们发动战争，无辜的生命就会受到威胁。 2.Para.2,lines24:It allgoes back toastory abouta youngman whowas theson of an itineranthorse trainerwho wouldgo fromstable tostable,race trackto race track,farm tofarm andranch toranch,training horses.这要从一个男孩的故事说起。 男孩的父亲是位巡回驯马师，经常在不同的马厩、赛马场、农场和牧场之间来回奔波。 7?who wouldgo fromstable tostable,race trackto racetrack,farm tofarm andranch toranch:who wouldgoto many stables,race tracks,farms andranches fromstable tostable:Note thatthe article before thecountable nounstable is omitted.As amatter offact,the nounsin the prepositional phrasesfrom?to?do notneed anarticlebefore them.For instance,from victoryto victory（从胜利走向胜利）,from startto finish（从头到尾）,from cradleto grave（从生到死）,etc.?racetrackto racetrack,farm tofarm andranch toranch:Note herenot onlythe articlesbeforethenouns such as track,farm,or ranchhave been omitted,but also theprepositionfrom has beenomitted.go back to:return toan earlierpoint intime orspace追溯到，回到?上来e.g.Whenever Grandmatalks,she alwayslikes togo backto heryounger days.祖母只要一讲话，就肯定要谈到她的青年时代。 Lets gobacktowhat thechairman saidearlier.让我们回到主席先前说的问题上。 itineranta travelingfrom placeto place,esp.to performwork ora duty巡回的，流动的e.g.Im contemplatingto makean itinerantspeech allover China.我正在考虑在全国范围内进行巡回演讲。 There isa generaldebate nowadaysabout the problem ofitinerant workers.目前，针对流动工人的问题展开了普遍的讨论。 stable:n.Ca farmbuilding forhousing horsesor otherlivestock马厩，马棚e.g.Who openedthe stabledoor?谁把马厩的门打开了？track:n.1)Ca courselaid outfor runningor racing跑道e.g.He runsaroundthetrack everymorning.他每天清晨绕着跑道跑步。 How didyou likethis track?你觉得这条赛道怎么样？2)C,usu.pl.a lineor seriesof marksleft bya movingvehicle,person,animal,etc.踪迹，足迹，痕迹e.g.We followedhis tracksin thesnow toa hut.我们沿着他在雪地上留下的足迹走到了一间小屋。 3)Ca pathor roughroad,esp.one madeby peoplewalking there路，小径e.g.We reachedthe templethrough anunfrequented mountaintrack.我们沿着一条人迹罕至的山路达到了寺庙。 v.t.to followthe marks,signs,etc.of somebodyor something跟在?的足迹后；跟踪e.g.The hunterstracked gamethrough theforest.猎人们穿过森林追踪猎物。 The policetracked thecriminal to his hidingplace.警察追踪罪犯到他的藏身之处。 3.Para.3,lines23:He wroteabout his dream ingreat detailand evendrew adiagram ofa200-acre ranch,showing the location ofall the buildings,the stablesand thetrack.他很详细地描写了他的梦想，甚至画了一张占地200英亩的马场的设计图，上面标有所有建筑物、马厩、跑道等的位置。 请注意年轻的主人翁在作文里并没有说自己的理想是做蜘蛛侠或奥特曼等，而只是梦想做个牧马场场主，还配上自己精心绘制的设计图。 这是值得赞赏的人生追求呢，还是不切实际的空谈？且看他的老师作何评判。 in detailthoroughly(including allimportant particulars)e.g.He describedthe robberyin detailtous.他向我们详细地描述了那起抢劫事件。 8Well discussthe problemlater in detail.我们以后再详细讨论这个问题。 cf.(Para.3,line3:)for theadjective detailed.diagram:n.Ca simpledrawing orplan thatshows exactlywhere somethingis,what somethinglooks like,or howsomething works图解，图表e.g.He pointedatthediagram toillustrate hispoint.他指着图表来阐述他的论点。 acre:n.Ca unitof areausedinEnglish-speaking countries(equal to43,560square feetor equalto6.070mu)英亩e.g.The househas halfan acreof lawn.这座房屋有半英亩的草坪。 Locationn.1)Cthe positionof something地点，位置，定位e.g.He indicatedthe locationof thePersian Gulfwith apen onthe map.他用笔在地图上标出了波斯湾的位置。 2)Uthe actof findingthe positionof somebodyor something发现，找出某人（某物）的位置或地点e.g.We areresponsible forthelocationof themissing yacht.我们负责查明失踪游艇的下落。 4.Para.4,line1:He puta greatdeal ofhis heart into theproject andthe next day he handed itin to his teacher.他花了好大心血把文章写完，第二天交给了老师。 MeaningHe devotednearly allofhisenergies tothe assignmentandthenextdayhe submittedit tohis teacher.put ones heart into:全心全意投入，热心于e.g.He put his wholeheartintothinking upways toimprove hiswork.他整个心思都在想办法改进工作。 Tom hasputhis heartintopassing hisexaminations.汤姆一心一意想通过考试。 Note that heart isnot usedin thephysiological（生理学的，生理的）or anatomical（解剖学的，解剖的；结构上的）meaning,but inits connotational（含有内涵意义的，有隐含意义的，含有转义的）sense:the vitalcenter andsource ofonesbeing,emotions,and sensibilities（中心，源泉；某人生存、情感及感情的重要中心或源泉）.See idiomaticalexpression follow yourheartin the last sentenceofthispassage,paragraph10.hand somethingin:to givesomething toa personin authority,esp.a pieceof workor somethingthat islost提交，呈交，上交（尤指书面材料或失物）e.g.Hand inyour examinationpapers please.请把试卷交上来。 She handedin herresignation.她提交了辞呈。 Note thatin thisphrasalverbthe wordin isregarded asan adverboraparticle（小品词）.5.Para.6,line1:You haveno resources.你没有背景。 MeaningYou donot havethe meansto makeyour dreame true.Note原来这位老师衡量学生理想的标准是你有什么背景或物质条件。 说白了，你或你家有钱吗？好一个“教书育人”的老师！试问奥巴马有钱吗？有什么背景吗？一个黑人，父亲肯尼亚，母亲是美国的一个小护士，后来还成了单亲。 对人的潜力或可塑性的忽视和否定是不是当老师的最大的失误和悲哀呢？resources:n.1)C,usu.pl,a sourceof aidor supportthat maybe drawupon whenneeded资源e.g.We agreedto poolour resources.我们同意吧我们的资源集中起来。 2)C,usu.pl,natural substancessuchaswater andwood whichare valuablein supporting9life天然资源e.g.If Imay referbacktotheproblemwe discussed,I thinwe shallstress theconservation ofour naturalresources.请允许我重提我们刚才讨论过的问题，我想我们应该注意保护自然资源。 6.Para.6,lines45:Then theteacher added,If you will rewritethis paperwithamore realisticgoal,I willreconsider yourgrade.然后老师又加了一句，“如果你愿意重新写一篇目标比较现实的作文，我会重新考虑你的分数。 Note:还真有点萝卜加大棒（carrot andstick）软硬兼施的手段呢！看来这位老师铁了心要改写甚至断送学生的梦想了。 Note thatwillinthe if-clause isu