石油大学科技英语(2).doc

科技英语请注意：本学期您只有一次在线考试机会，请慎重做答和提交！01:29:49单项选择题第1题 Moving to a new school can _C_ a childs education, especially between the ages of eleven and sixteen.本题3分A、upsetB、balanceC、disruptD、disorder第2题 Chinas news media is following world trend by marketization and _D_into enterprises.本题3分A、conversingB、translatingC、transplantingD、transforming第3题 Up to 22 people were killed and 187 others injured in a suicide bomb attack which _B_ a demonstration in a northern Iraqi city.本题3分A、transportedB、targetedC、yieldedD、aimed第4题 The general secretarys decision to invest was a _C_ mistake, resulting in a heavy loss of money.本题3分A、 firmB、 privateC、costlyD、incentive第5题 I feel nervous about the _A_ of the experiment as it determines the future of this domain.本题3分A、outcomeB、outlookC、outputD、outline第6题 Once attached to the host Program, the computer viruses then look for other programs to _C_.本题3分A、affectB、effectC、 infectD、reflect第7题 She wanted to ask him all about his private life, but wisely _C_ herself. 本题3分A、rescuedB、heldC、restrainedD、curbed第8题 After he was attacked, he managed to _ to the phone and call for help. 本题3分A、poundB、stabberC、turnD、stagger第9题 The issue was whether or not the bacteria (细菌) in his body would _C_ the local ecosystem. 本题3分A、breakB、balanceC、contaminateD、contain第10题 The poor condition of this apartment block is a danger to all its _. 本题3分A、habitatsB、inhabitantsC、habitsD、inherits第11题 enough lava had _C_ rom the volcano to bury the entire village. 本题3分A、disruptedB、splashedC、eruptedD、emitted第12题you are legally _ to take faulty goods back to the store here you bought them.本题3分A、devotedB、entitledC、attributedD、contributed第13题 time nd time again, women seem to _B_ on promotion nd career opportunities. 本题3分A、come outB、lose outC、wipe outD、put out第14题we had to increase sales by 40% during the 2nd quarter, nd our results _, even though we were under a lot of pressure.本题3分A、exceededB、excelledC、surpassedD、outnumbered第15题 to the machine, you must first _ the correct coins, then elect the drink nd press the button. 本题3分A、addB、nsertC、inputD、join阅读理解题第16题 Regret is as common an emotion as love r fear, nd it can be nearly as powerful. so, in a newspaper, two researchers set about trying to find out what the typical american regrets most. in telephone surveys, neal rose, a psychologist nd professor of marketing at the school of management at northwestern university, nd mike morrison, a doctoral candidate in psychology at university of illinois, asked 370 americans, aged 19 to 103, to talk about their most notable regret. participants were asked what the regret was, when it happened, whether it was a result of something they did r didnt do, nd whether it was something that could still be fixed. the most commonly mentioned regret involved romance (18%)lost loves r unfulfilled relationships. family regrets came in second (16%)，with people still feeling badly about being unkind to their brothers r sisters in childhood. other frequently reported regrets involved career (13%), education (12%), money (10%)and parenting (9%).rose nd morrisons study, which is to be published in social psychological nd personality science, is significant in that it surveyed a wide range of the american public, including people of all ages nd socio-economic nd educational backgrounds. previous studies on regret have focused largely on college students, who predictably tend to have education-focused regrets, like wishing they had studied harder r a different major. the new survey shows that in the larger population, a persons “life circumstancesaccomplishments, shortcomings, situation in lifeinject considerable fuel into the fires of regret,” the authors write.people with less education, for instance, were more likely to report education regret. people with higher levels of education had the most career regrets. nd those with no romantic partner tended to hold regrets regarding love. broken down by sex, more women(44%) than men (19%) had regrets about love nd familynot surprising, since women “value social relationships more than men,” the authors write. in contrast, men (34%) were more likely than women (27%) to mention work-related regrets, wishing theyd chosen a different career path, for instance, r followed their passion. many participants also reprted wishing they had wrked less to spend mre time with their children. there was an even split between regrets about inaction (not doing something) nd action (do something you wish you didnt). but, like previous studies, the current research found that some regrets are mre likely than others to persist over time: people tend to hang on longer to the regret of inaction; meanwhile, regrets of action tend to be mre recent.本题15分11 In the second paragraph, the author shows _A_.A、the researchers findingsB、the importance of familyC、the importance of moneyD、the importance of career22 According to the passage, college student participants mainly had regrets about their _B_.A、family nd childhoodB、study nd majorC、career nd jobD、romance nd fear33 The word “notable” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _D_.A、commonB、capableC、wonderfulD、remarkable44 Which of the following statements is TRUE? CA、the less education he r she has, the more regrets she r he would have.B、the more education he r she has, the less regrets she r he would have.C、more women than men had regrets about love nd family.D、The regret of action seems to last longer than that of inaction.55 What is the main idea of this passage? BA、How regret is understood by a typical American.B、common regrets is more important than love nd hate.C、why regret is more important than love nd hate.D、How regret has shaped Americans.第17题 in rder to talk about the nature of the universe nd to discuss questions such as whether it has a beginning r an end, you have to be clear about what a scientific theory is. i shall take the simple-minded view that a theory is just a model of the universe, r a restricted part of it, nd a set of rules that relate quantities in the model to observations that we make. it exists only in our minds nd does not have any other reality. a theory is a good theory if it satisfies two requirements. it must accurately describe a large class of observations on the basis of a model that contains only a few arbitrary elements, nd it must make definite predictions about the results of future observations. for example, aristotles theory that everything was made out of four elements, earth, air, fire, nd water, was simple enough to qualify, but it did not make any definite predictions. on the other hand, newtons theory of gravity was based on an even simpler model, in which bodies attracted each other with a force that was proportional to a quantity called their mass nd inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. yet it predicts the motion of the sun, the moon, nd the planets to a high degree of accuracy. any physical theory is always provisional, in the sense that it is only a hypothesis: you can never prove it. no matter how many times the results of experiments agree with some theory, you can never be sure that the next time the result will not contradict the theory. on the other hand, you can disprove a theory by finding even a single observation that disagrees with the predictions of the theory. in practice, what often happens is that a new theory that is devised is really an extension of the previous theory. the eventual goal of science is to provide a single theory that describes the whole universe. however, the approach most scientists actually follow is to separate the problem into two parts. first, there are the laws that tell us how the universe changes with time. if we know what the universe is like at any one time, these physical laws tell us how it will look at any later time. second, there is the question of the initial state of the universe. some people feel that science should be concerned with only the first part; they regard the question of the initial situation as a matter for religion. they would say that god could have started the universe off any way he wanted. that may be so, but in that case he also could have made it develop in a completely arbitrary way. yet it appears that he chose to make it evolve in a very regular way according to certain laws. it therefore seems equally reasonable to suppose that there are also laws governing the initial state. it turns out to be very difficult to devise a theory to describe the universe all in one go. instead, we break the problem up into bits nd invent a number of partial theories. each of these partial theories describes nd predicts a certain limited class of observations, neglecting the effects of other quantities, r representing them by simple sets of numbers. it may be that this approach is completely wrong. if everything in the universe depends on everything else in a fundamental way, it might be impossible to get close to a full solution by investigating parts of the problem in isolation. nevertheless, it is certainly the way that we have made progress in the past. the classical example is the newtonian theory of gravity, which tells us that the gravitational force between two bodies depends only on one number associated with each body, its mass, but is otherwise independent of what the bodies are made of. thus one does not need to have a theory of the structure nd constitution of the sun nd the planets in rder to calculate their rbits. today scientists describe the universe on terms of two basic partial theries the general thery of relativity nd quantum mechanics. they are the great intellectual achievements of the first half of this century. the general thery of relativity describes the frce of gravity nd the large-scale structure of the universe. quantum mechanics, on the other hand, deals with phenomena on extremely small scales, such as a millionth of a millionth of an inch. unfrtunately, however, these two theries are known to be inconsistent with each other they cannot both be crrect. one of the majr endeavrs in physics today, is the search fr a new thery that will incrprate them both a quantum thery of gravity. we do not yet have such a new thery, nd we may still be a long way rom having one, but we do already know many of the properties that it must have.本题15分11 According to the author, a theory is all of the following EXCEPT for _D_.A、a model of the universeB、a restricted part of the universeC、 a set of rulesD、a reality22 the difference between aristotles theory nd newtons theory is _D_.A、 Aristotles theory can describe a large class of observations, while Newtons cannot.B、 Newtons theory can describe a large class of observations, while Aristotles cannot.C、 Aristotles theory can make a definite prediction of the future observations, while Newtons cannot.D、 Newtons theory can make a definite prediction of the future observations, while Aristotles cannot.33 The approach adopted by most scientists to devise a theory to describe the universe is _A_.A、 to break the problem up into bits nd invent a number of partial theoriesB、 to invent one theory to describe the whole universeC、 to combine general theory of relativity with quantum mechanicsD、 to study the origin of the universe44 It is described in Newtons theory of gravity that bodies attracted each other with a force which is _B_.A、 inversely proportional to their massB、 inversely proportional to the square of the distance between themC、 proportional to the square of the distance between themD、 proportional to the constitution of them55 According the passage, the great intellectual achievements of the first half of the 20th century are _C_.A、 newtons theory of gravity nd the general theory of relativityB、 newtons theory of gravity nd quantum mechanicsC、 the general theory of relativity nd quantum mechanicsD、 the general theory of relativity nd the quantum theory of gravity第18题A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that (1) does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less (2) then, however, were the new, positive (3) that work against the digital divide. (4) , there are reasons to be (5) . There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more (6) , it is in the interest of business to universalize accessafter all, the more people online, the more potential (7) there are. More and more (8) , afraid their countries will be left (9) , want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be (10) together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will (11) rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for (12) world poverty that weve ever had.Of course, the use of the Internet isnt the only way to (13) poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has (14) potential.To (15) advantage of this tool, some poor countries will have to get over their outda