八年级英语下册 Unit 1 Whats the matter？Section A课件 （新版）人教新目标版.ppt

unit1 what sthematter sectiona grammar modalverbs 情态动词有一定的意义无人称和数的变化通常不带to表示说话人的语气或情绪 语法特征 1 ability 能力 liuxiangcanrunthe110mhurdleracewithin13seconds can could 1 can一般表示与生俱来的能力或者一种客观可能性 还可以表示请求和允许 learningenglish bedifficult can mancannotlivewithoutair iuseyourbike can can could 2 在疑问句中 用could可表示请求 语气较委婉 ihavethetelevisionon yes you no you could heasksifhe smokehere could can may can t i mafraidnot can could 3 表示惊异 怀疑 不相信的态度 主要用在否定句 疑问句或惊叹句中 he ssuchanicepersonthathe committhecrime can t 你怎么会如此地粗心 howcanyoubesocareless canthisbetrue can could 4 cannever can t too表示 无论怎样 也不过分 越 越好 你过马路的时候再小心也不为过 youcan tbetoocarefulwhilecrossingtheroad attention can beableto区别 edisonalwayswonderedwhyhenscouldhatch 孵 chickenswhilehewasnotableto question arethetwomodalverbsinterchangeable 互换 ifnot why can表示与生俱来的能力或一种客观可能 而beableto更加强调通过后天的学习和努力获得的能力 或者在某个客观的场合和背景下 能做到的事情 sumup 1 can和beableto1 can could 表示能力 可能 只用于现在时和过去时 2 beableto可以用于各种时态 只用beableto的情况 a 位于助动词后 b 情态动词后 c 表示过去成功地做了某事时 只能用was wereableto 不能用could attention can beableto区别 abigfirebrokeoutinabchotelyesterday luckily everyone runoutofthebuilding wasableto 2 she speakbothenglishandfrench can 1 theywill runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths a canb couldc mayd beableto2 thatbigcinema seat2 000people a canb shouldc oughttod isableto d a 3 2007福建 mymp4playerisn tinmybag where ihaveputit a canb mustc shouldd would a 4 aleft luggageofficeisaplacewherebags beleftforashorttime especiallyatarailwaystation a shouldb canc mustd will b 5 how yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle a canb mustc needd may a 6 mike beapoliceman forheismuchtooshort a needn tb can tc shouldd may b 7 iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter it truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere a maynotbeb won tbec couldn tbed mustn tbe c i msotired ihavetodothetrainingforatleast10hoursaday 2 obligation 义务 yethemustworkhardtowinthegoldmedal althoughliuxiangissogiftedinhurdlerace attention advisability necessity oughtto should haveto must yourmotherbringsyouupandtakesgoodcareofyou sowhensheisold you lookafterherinreturn a canb mayc havetod must shidongpengmightwinamedalattheolympicgames althoughthechanceofwinningamedalissmall i lltrymybest 3 certainty 可能性 attention veryuncertain almostcertain might should must may could oughtto will 1 he beathome 2 he beathome forhejustcalledmefromhishome15secondsago a mayb mightc must a mayb mightc must can must表示肯定的猜测 译为 一定 不能用于否定句或疑问句 thismustbeyourpen hemustbedoinghishomeworknow hemusthavearrivedalready must 2 表示 坚持 常用于固定句型 ifyoumustdosth 如果你非得要做某事 如果你真的要走 那就悄悄离开 ifyoumustleave doitquietly 4 permission 允许 mayieatkfcifiwinthegoldmedal may might 1 表示许可 表示请求 允许时 might比may的语气更委婉一些 might mayiuseyourcomputer yes youcan no youcan t mustn t may might 2 用于祈使句中表示祝愿 3 表示推测 可能 只用于肯定句 疑问句则要用can或could 祝你成功 mayyousucceed hemaybeverybusynow mayyoubehappyallyourlife 2 成语 may mightaswell 后面接不带to的不定式 意为 不妨 e g ifthatisthecase wemayaswelltry 5 makingrequests 提出要求 canyouhelpmewithmytraining idon tknowhowtousethisequipment willcancouldwould informal formal 6 makingsuggestions 提出建议 shallwedothetraininginthemorning it stoohottotakeexerciseintheafternoon shall 1 shall用于第一 第三人称疑问句中 表示说话人征求对方的意见 向对方请示或提供帮助 1 shallwebeginourlesson 2 whenshallhebeallowedtoleavehospital 3 shallicarrythisbagforyou shall 2 shall用于第二 第三人称 表示说话人给对方命令 警告 允诺或威胁 youshallfailifyoudon tworkharder heshallbepunishedaccordingtotherule 等我读完这本书 就会给他的 heshallhavethebookwhenifinishit 警告 威胁 允诺 7 makingoffers 提供帮助 don tworry dear iwillwashthemrightaway mom mydirtyclotheshavebeenpiledup idon thavetime will would 1 表示请求 建议等 would比will委婉客气 sentencepattern wouldyouplease wouldyoumind wouldrather wouldyoulike will would 2 表示意志 愿望和决心 iwillneverdothatagain 3 可表示经常性 习惯性 倾向性 翻译为 经常 惯于 总是 1 theoldman haveasmokeunderabigtreeeveryafternoonafterhefinishedhisfarmwork would 2 门就是打不开 thedoorwon topen will would attention iwillgototheparkwithyoutomorrowifyouwilloffermelunch question isthissentencecorrect why 情态动词 表示 意愿 8 givingadvice 提出意见 youshouldnot oughtnottoeatsomuchbeforerunning howdelicious should 1 should表示劝告 建议 命令 其同义词是oughtto 在疑问句中 通常用should代替ought to shouldiopenthewindow 我们应当要相互学习 weshouldlearnfromeachother oughttohavedonesth shouldhavedonesth 本应该做某事 而事实上并没有做 否定句表示 不该做某事而做了 yououghtto should havebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment heoughtnottohavethrowntheoldclothesaway 事实上已扔了 注 oughtto在语气上比should要强 should 2 情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊 客气 委婉的语气 rose sure bytheway whoisyouridol jack liuxiang ishouldsay ishouldadviseyounottodothatagain 3 should表示意外或惊讶常译为 居然 竟然 ican tbelievesuchagentlemanshouldbesorudetotheold 我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼 should 4 should表示猜测时 一般指按经验或逻辑判断 翻译成 照说应该 估计 想必 should whencanicomeforthephotos ineedthemtomorrowafternoon they bereadyby12 00 a canb shouldc mightd need 3 haveto和must1 两词都是 必须 的意思 haveto表示客观的需要 must表示说话人主观上的看法 即主观上的必要 2 haveto有人称 数 时态的变化 而must只有一种形式 但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务 3 在否定结构中 don thaveto表示 不必 mustn t表示 禁止 youdon thavetotellhimaboutit youmustn ttellhimaboutit needn t没必要 don thaveto can t不能 不可能maynot可能不shouldn t不应该 oughtnotto 8 you returnthebooknow youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike a can tb mustn tc needn td maynot9 johnny you playwiththeknife you hurtyourself a won t can tb mustn t mayc shouldn t mustd can t shouldn t c b 10 couldihaveawordwithyou mum ohdear ifyou a canb mustc mayd should b usedto would usedto表达存在于过去但现在不再存在的一种习惯或情况 jackusedtoliveinchicago usedto表达过去存在的某种情况时 would不能替代它 iusedtoliveincalifornia theyusedtohaveaford would可以用于表达过去定期重复的一个动作 表达这个概念时 would和usedto相同 wheniwasachild myfatherwould usedtoreadmeastoryatnightbeforebed 9 need和dare这两词既可做实义动词用 又可做情态动词用 作为情态动词 两者都只能用于疑问句 否定句和条件句 need作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to 而dare作实义动词用时 后面的to时常可以被省略 1 实义动词 need n todosth 2 情态动词 need 只用原形need后加do 否定形式为neednot e g needyougoyet yes imust no ineedn t 3 need want require worth 形容词 后面接doing也可以表示被动 needdoing needtobedone 四 可兼做行为动词的情态动词 need dare 情态动词 动词原形 行为动词 need dare 1 无人称和数的变化 2 尤其用于 否定句及疑问句中 在if whether之后 或与hardly never noone nobody连用 3 常以needn t和daren t的形式出现 4 dare有其过去时dared 多用于肯定句 sb needtododaretodo sth needtobedone sth needdoing 1 fever 2 stomach 3 coughandsorethroat 4 toothache 5 cutmyself a liedownandrest b drinksomehotteawithhoney c seeadentistandgetanx ray d takeyourtemperature e putsomemedicineonit liev 平躺 lay lain lying liedownheislyingontheroad lievi撒谎 说谎 lied lying n 谎言 假话layv 产卵 下蛋 laid laid x rayn x光hehurthislegjustnow lethimgetax ray ache sore和hurt的区别 1 ache是一个名词后缀 如 toothache headache 2 sore形容词 修饰名词 指的是身体某一部位的酸痛 如 soreback sorethroat3 hurt动词 指 刺痛 使受伤痛 如 hehurtshisleg 他伤了腿 还可以说 hisleghurts 他腿疼 haveabadcold haveahighfever 严重的感冒 发高烧 beinafever 在发烧 拓展提高 一般情况下用have a n 表示患了某种疾病 注释 mattercn 毛病 麻烦事what sthematter withsb 用于询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了某种麻烦 what swrongwithyou what syourtrouble mattervi 要紧 有关系主要用于否定句 疑问句或条件句中 eg itdoesn tmatter nomatter与who what where等连用 相当于whoever whatever wherever等 可引导让步状语从句 eg don tspeakloudly nomatterwhereyouare 1 toomuch相当于一个副词 修饰动词 放在后面作状语 意为 太多 eg eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth 2 enoughadj 足够的 充足的 修饰名词时 常放在前 有时也放在名词后 eg ihaveenoughmoney adv 足够地 充足地 修饰adj adv 或v 位置后置eg itisgoodenoughforme be adj enough todo不能足够 不能做某事 iwonderifjaywillcometoourschoolthisweekend ifhe wewillbeveryexcited if是否 引导宾语从句if如果 引导条件状语从句主将从现 comes takebreaks休息wetakeabreakeveryforty fiveminutes withoutprep with没有iwen