教学案二：反意疑问句.doc

反意疑问句一 反意疑问句的概念：英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成，又称附加疑问句。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点，属于疑问句的一种。二 反意疑问句的结构：“肯定陈述否定疑问”或“否定陈述肯定疑问”，即“前否后肯，前肯后否”，前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。You havent been to Beijing, have you? / Uncle Wang is coming tonight, isnt he?三 反意疑问句的回答：如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，翻译为“不”，后面用肯定结构；如果事实是否定的，就要用no，翻译为“是的”，后面用否定结构。不可以用Yes,.not.或者 No,+ 肯定的。-His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she? -Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 四 反意疑问句的语调：反意疑问句的陈述部分用降调，附加疑问部分用升调或降调。对陈述部分把握比较大时用降调，把握不大时用升调。五 反意疑问句的运用：1. 当陈述句的主语是名词时，反意疑问句的主语要用人称来代替。Your mother has gone to the library, hasnt she?2. 当陈述句的主语是I am 时，反意疑问句要用 arent I；是Im not 时，用 am I 。Im as tall as your sister，arent I? / Im not doing well, am I?3. 当陈述句的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it，当陈述句的主语是指示代词these或those时，反意疑问句的主语用they。This is a plane, isnt it? / These are grapes，arent they? 4. 当陈述句的主语是不定代词everybody, everyone, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none等时，反意疑问句的主语常用复数they，有时也用单数he。Everyone knows the answer, dont they / doesnt he?Nobody knows about it, do they / does he?5当陈述句的主语是人称代词one时，正式文体中，反意疑问句的主语为one，非正式文体中用you。 One must be honest, mustnt one? / One cant be sure, can you?6. 当陈述句的谓语是wish，反意疑问句要用may +主语，不可以用may not + 主语。I wish to have a word with you, may I? / I wish to go home, may I?7. 当陈述句的谓语是have时, 反意疑问句分三种情况：(1) have表示“有”时，反意疑问句用havent 或dont+主语的相应形式。You have a nice house, havent / dont you?His brother has a new book, hasnt he / doesnt he?(2) have 表示“经历，遭受，得到，吃”等实义动词时，反意疑问句用dont的相应形式。You often have headaches, dont you?(3) have表示“已经”时，反意疑问句用havent的相应形式。He has finished his homework, hasnt he?8. 当陈述句的谓语是be动词或情态动词时，反意疑问句用“be动词/ 情态动词+主语”的结构；是行为动词时，用“助动词+主语”的结构。Lucy cant swim, can she? / Jim saw Kate in the street , didnt he?9. 当陈述句的谓语是ought to时，反意疑问句用shouldnt / oughtnt +主语，正式文体用should/ought +主语+not形式。We ought to try it again, shouldnt / oughtnt we?He ought to know what to do, shouldnt he / oughtnt he ?10.当陈述句的谓语是used to时，反意疑问句用usednt + 主语或didnt + 主语。The Smiths used to live in the countryside, usednt / didnt they?He didnt use/used to tell lies, did he?11. 当陈述句的谓语是have to / had to 时，反意疑问句用dont +主语 / didnt +主语。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we?12. 当陈述句的谓语是had better时，反意疑问句用hadnt +主语或shouldnt + 主语。Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you / shouldnt you?13. 当陈述句的谓语动词时would rather或would like to 时，反意疑问句用wouldnt + 主语。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?You would like to go to bed earlier, wouldnt you?14. 当陈述句的谓语是dare或need时，反意疑问句分两种情况：(1) dare, need 作情态动词时，反意疑问句用darent +主语或neednt + 主语。We need not do it again, need we? / He dare not say so, dare he?(2)dare, need 作实义动词时，反意疑问句用助动词dont / doesnt / didnt + 主语。She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she?15. 当陈述句的谓语是must 时，分四种情况：Amust表示“应该”，反意疑问句用mustnt（不应该）+主语，如： You must work hard next term, mustnt you ? Bmust表示“必须”，反意疑问句用neednt（不必）+主语，如： They must finish the work today, neednt they? Cmustnt表示禁止时，反意疑问句用must+主语或may+主语，如： You mustnt stop your car here, must you / may you? You mustnt smoke here, must you / may you?Dmust表示推测 ，理解为“一定”，反意疑问部分必须与must 后面的主要动词相呼应。 对现在动作或存在的情况的推测 ： You must know the answer to the exercise, dont you? / That must be your bed, isnt it? 对过去发生的动作或存在的情况的推测： a 表示肯定推测： 陈述句中没有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问句的动词就用现在完成时，havent / hasnt + 主语。陈述句中有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问句的动词就用一般过去时，didnt + 主语。You must have told her about it, havent you? / She must have read the novel last week, didnt she? b 表示否定推测： 否定式不是must not，而是cant ，理解为不可能。He cant have been to your home, can he? 16. 当陈述句的谓语有no, not, nowhere, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定词或半否定词时，反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如果陈述句的谓语有带前缀或后缀的否定词，反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如：He seldom pays more attention to his pronunciation, does he?He hardly knows anything about computer, does he?It is unfair, isnt it? / He was unsuccessful, wasnt he?17. 当陈述句是主从复合句或并列复合句时，反意疑问句分三种情况：a. 并列复合句的疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he?b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分的谓语根据主句的谓语而定：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? / He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he?c. 当陈述句是“I (we) +think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等+ 宾语从句”时，反意疑问句与从句的主谓保持一致，并注意否定转移。当陈述句是“非第一人称+ think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等+ 宾语从句”时，反意疑问句与主句的主谓保持一致I dont think he is bright, is he? / We believe she can do it better, cant she?18. 当陈述句是祈使句时，反意疑问句分四种情况：(1) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句用will you /would you / can you。Go with me, will you? / Please open the window, would you?(2) 以Lets 开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shall we / shant we；以Let us 开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you / wont you；以Let me开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you / may I。Lets go and listen to the music, shall we / shant we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you /wont you?Let me help you, will you / may I?(3) 否定形式的祈使句，反意疑问句只能用will you。Dont do that again, will you? / Dont make noise, will you?(4) 表示“邀请，请求”时，反意疑问句用will you；表示“提醒，劝说”时，反意疑问句用wont you。Be sure to write to us, will you? / Come to have dinner with us this evening, wont you?19. 当陈述句是由so开头，译为“这么说来”时，反意疑问句采用同向疑问，即肯定的陈述句用肯定的疑问句，否定的陈述句用否定的问句，表示惊讶，不满的情绪。So you have seen the film, have you? / So he has not been to Beijing , hasnt he?20. 当陈述句是表示存在的there be结构时，反意疑问句用be not + there。There isnt a book on the table, is there?Theres something wrong with my computer, isnt there?There are some bananas in the basket, arent there?21. 当陈述句是由and, but, or, for, so等并列连词连接的并列句时，反意疑问句与最后一个分句保持一致，对最后一个分句进行反问。当both and作并列主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。当neither nor, either or 作并列主语时，反意疑问句要根据实际逻辑意义而定。He was a lazy boy and he didnt pass the exam, did he?He is a doctor but his wife is a teacher, isnt she?Both the pen and the police are broken, arent they?Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?22. 当陈述句是主语从句，不定式短语，动名词短语时，反意疑问句的主语用it。That he didnt pass the entrance exam made his parents very angry, didnt it?What you need is more practice, isnt it?Walking is good for our health, isnt it?23. 感叹句的反意疑问句用be动词的一般现在时态+ 主语。What a foolish child ( he is ), isnt he?相关练习：1. I wish to shake hands with you, _? a. shall I b. may I c. do I d. will I 2. Three hours ought to be enough time, _? a. oughtnt three hours b. didnt they c. shouldnt it d. shouldnt three hours 3. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post. I dont think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, _ you? a. do b. did c. dont d. didnt 4. Thats the sort of the book you want, _? a. is it d. isnt that c. is that d. isnt it 5. All these dictionaries are a great help to you, _? a. are they b. arent they c. are all these dictionaries d. arent all these dictionaries 6. Your friend needs to come earlier, _? a. does he b. doesnt he c. need he d. neednt he 7. The little boy dare not go to church, _? a. dare he b. darent he c. does he d. doesnt he 8. Everyones having a good time, _? a. is he b. isnt everyone c. does he d. arent they 9. Any one can join the club, _? a. can any one b. cant any one c. cant they d. can they 10. Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, _? a. will you b. shant you c. do you d. dont you 11. Magaret seldom comes to visit you on Christmas Day, _? a. doesnt she b. does she c. do you d. dont you 12. Lets listen to the radio program that the teacher mentioned